Iran Journal of Nursing
Year:2023 | Volume:36 | Issue:141|Papers Count:8

Background & Aims Special attention should be paid to empowering healthcare providers, including nurses. Empowerment as the clinical skill is an important goal of nursing education. The present study aims to determine the effect of a nursing manager psychological empowerment program on the management skills of nursing students. Materials & Methods This interventional study was conducted in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Participants were 84 students in nursing management internship from Tehran University of Medical Sciences and 19 nursing managers. The nursing students were divided into two control (n=42) and intervention (n=42) groups. The intervention was a psychological empowerment program for nursing managers. After intervention, the management skills of students was assessed using a checklist completed by observation and interviewing ward supervisors. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 16. Results The management skills of students in the intervention group significantly increased after receiving the empowerment program by 0. 274 units. Conclusion Psychological empowerment of nursing managers can improve the management skills of nursing students. The results of this study can be used to persuade nursing managers to receive psychological empowerment training, which can lead to psychological improvement of the work environment, nurses and nursing students.

Background & Aims The early mobility of a patient hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a very complicated issue and requires coordination between the departments and between all ICU staff, including physicians, nurses, and physiotherapists. Early mobilization program is safe and feasible and has positive results for the patient, medical staff, families, and health system. The present study aims to determine the barriers to early mobility of patients admitted to the ICUs of hospitals in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. Materials & Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2020-2022. The study population consists of the ICU staff of hospitals in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, including physicians, nurses, and physiotherapists. Sampling was done by a census method. The data were collected using a demographic form and a researcher-made questionnaire of early mobility barriers of ICU patients and analyzed in SPSS software, version 18 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results In the present study, 174 nurses, physicians, and physiotherapists answered the questionnaire, where 57. 8% were female and 59. 8% were single. Among the barriers to early mobility, the patient-related barriers had the lowest mean (0. 411±, 0. 108) and cultural barriers had the highest mean (0. 478±, 0. 146). Conclusion It is necessary to investigate the barriers to early mobility of patients admitted to the ICU of study hospitals, especially the cultural barriers. In this regard, there is a need to design a clinical protocol to manage and reduce these barriers.

Background & Aims Due to having multiple tasks in ensuring the health of patients, primary healthcare workers are under many stresses that may lead to job burnout. The present study aims to determine the relationship between occupational stress and job burnout of primary healthcare workers. Materials & Methods This descriptive, correlational study was conducted in 2019 on 128 primary healthcare workers in Saveh and Zarandieh cities, who were selected by a census method. Data was collected by a demographic form, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and Spielberger’, s job stress survey (JSS). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data, and independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze data in SPSS software, version 18. Results The mean score of JSS was 140. 7±, 48. 6, which was lower the median score (150). The mean frequency score was 23. 43±, 8. 3 for the MBI dimension of emotional exhaustion, 17±, 4. 78 for depersonalization, and 14. 43±, 6. 74 for personal accomplishment. Occupational stress had a positive and significant relationship with the frequency of emotional exhaustion (r=0. 59, P<0. 001) and depersonalization (r=0. 22, P<0. 001), and a negative and significant relationship with the frequency of personal accomplishment (r=-0. 47, P<0. 001). This indicates that with the increase of occupational stress, the frequency of job burnout in two dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization increases, while the frequency of personal accomplishment decreases. Conclusion Primary healthcare workers in the study region have moderate occupational stress and a high level of job burnout in the areas of depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Considering the high level of job burnout and its relationship with occupational stress in these healthcare workers, and the fact that these factors can have a negative impact on the quality of healthcare services, it is necessary to carry out necessary interventions to reduce and manage occupational stress and job burnout of primary healthcare workers.

Background & Aims Job burnout can reduce the quality of life, performance, and organizational commitment of nurses and increase the intention to leave the job. Various studies have shown that empowerment of employees and involving them in decision-making can reduce their job burnout. Effective empowering behaviors of supervisors and nursing managers play an important role in empowering nurses. This study aims to determine the relationship between nursing manager’, s empowering behaviors and nurses’,job burnout. Materials & Methods This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2020. The study population includes all nurses working in the special care units (CCU and ICU) of Shahid Rajaee Heart Hospital. Participants were 165 nurses who were selected by a convenience sampling method. The empowering leadership questionnaire (ELQ) and the Maslach burnout inventory (MBI) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using Pearson’, s correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS software, version 24. Results The mean age of participants was 36. 73±, 7. 20 years (ranged 24-53 years). One-hundred four nurses (63%) were female and 61(37%) were male. Most of the nurses (59. 4%) were married. Pearson’, s correlation coefficients showed a negative significant relationship between the scores of the ELQ dimensions and the scores of the MBI dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (P<0. 001). There was a positive significant relationship between the scores of the ELQ dimensions and the MBI dimension of personal accomplishment (P<0. 001). Conclusion The empowering behaviors of nursing managers in the study hospital were at a moderate level. The increase in the use of empowering behaviors by nursing managers can lead to a more decrease in the job burnout of nurses in different dimensions.

Background & Aims Infant hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) causes loss or delay in mother-infant attachment. On the other hand, quarantine and social distancing during the COVID-19 epidemic had psychological consequences, such as increased fear of infection. This study aims to determine the relationship between mother-infant attachment and fear of COVID-19 in mothers with neonates admitted to the NICUs of selected hospitals in Tehran, Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials & Methods In this descriptive-correlational study, participants were 195 mothers with neonates admitted to the NICUs of selected teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Data collection tools were a demographic form, the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S), and Avant’, s mother-infant attachment behaviors questionnaire, which were completed by the researcher. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using independent t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and ANOVA. Results The mean score of FCoV-19S was 19. 04±, 5. 40, and the mean score of mother-infant attachment was 70. 12±, 50. 65. No significant relationship was observed between the fear of COVID-19 and motherinfant attachment (P>0. 05). Fear of COVID-19 had a significant relationship with the interest in the baby’, s gender (P=0. 001) and the mother’, s education level (P=0. 041). Mother-infant attachment had a significant relationship with interest in the baby’, s gender (P=0. 01) and infant hospitalization due to jaundice (P=0. 049). Conclusion Mother-infant attachment of the mothers in this study is low, and their fear of COVID-19 is almost high. There is no significant correlation between the fear of COVID-19 and mother-infant attachment. It is necessary to pay attention to effective factors in promoting emotional attachment between mothers and neonates hospitalized in the NICUs. It is also recommended that the medical staff and nurses pay attention to this group of mothers during pandemics such as COVID-19 and use some techniques to reduce their fear of infection.

Background & Aims Nurses are the largest group of healthcare providers, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 are in dire need of spiritual care due to being alone in quarantine, away from their families. The present study aims to assess the spiritual care competence of nurses in the special care units for COVID-19 in teaching hospitals in Arak, Iran Materials & Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Participants were 142 nurses working in the special care units for COVID-19 in hospitals affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2022, who were selected by a census method. The data collection tool was the spiritual care competence scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 16. Results The mean total score of spiritual care competence was 100. 71±, 14. 45, which was higher than the median score of 81. The spiritual care competence had a significant relationship with marital status (P=0. 044), willingness to work overtime (P<0. 001), age (P=0. 011), total work experience (P=0. 03), and work experience in the special care unit (P=0. 025), such that spiritual care competence was higher in older married nurses with a willingness to work overtime and a higher work experience. Conclusion The spiritual care competence of nurses in the study hospitals is at a favorable level. The results of this study can help future studies in improving the quality of nursing care and the competence of nurses in spiritual care.

Background & Aims The present study aims to compare the effects of emotion regulation training and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on the resilience and self-compassion of women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Materials & Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design. The study population consists of 300 women with IBS who visited the clinics of internal medicine physicians in Ilam, Iran, in 2018-2019. The sample size was determined 20 for each group based on the Fleiss method. Therefore, 60 were selected by a simple cluster sampling method and based on the entry criteria. They were divided into three groups of emotion regulation (n=20), MBCT (n=20), and control (n=20). After the interventions, the post-test and follow-up assessments were conducted for the groups. The instruments were the Connor-Davidson resilience scale and the self-compassion scale of Neff (2003). For data analysis, SPSS software, version 23 and repeated measures analysis of variance were used. Results Both emotion regulation training and MBCT had a significant effect on the resilience and selfcompassion of women (P=0. 001), where MBCT had a greater effect compared to emotional regulation training. Conclusion The MBCT can be used as an effective method to increase resilience and self-compassion of women with IBS.

Background & Aims Providing adequate prenatal care for women can help maintain or improve the health of the mother and fetus. This study aims to identify the incentives and barriers to receiving prenatal care in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Materials & Methods This is a qualitative study using a conventional content analysis approach. Participants were 26 people, including 8 healthcare workers and 18 pregnant women referred to the healthcare centers in 2022 in Zahedan. They were selected by a purposive sampling method and underwent semi-structured in-depth interviews, which continued until the data saturation. Content analysis was carried out along with assessing the validity and reliability of data using Graneheim and Lundman’, s four criteria (credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability). Results After analysis, 504 codes were obtained, which were reduced to 215 codes, from which 19 subcategories, 6 sub-themes, and 2 themes of prenatal care barriers and incentives. Conclusion Policymakers and authorities in Zahedan should pay attention to the incentives and barriers to receiving prenatal care identified in this study for developing plans to improve the health of pregnant women in this area.