Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2023 | Volume:22 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Cyberbullying has increased every year among teenagers as the most internet users. The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting cyberbullying based on online disinhibition and perceived mother acceptance with the mediating role of emotional stability. Materials and Methods: This study is of a descriptive type, and its statistical population included all male students of the second period of high school studying in the state schools of Ardabil City in the academic year of 2023. From this population, a sample of 166 people were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the questionnaires of Cyberbullying, Emotional Stability, Online Disinhibition, and Perceived Mother Acceptance. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used. Results: The results showed that online disinhibition with a coefficient value of 0. 52 and perceived mother acceptance with a coefficient value of-0. 24 are directly related to cyberbullying (p<0. 001). Also, online disinhibition with a coefficient value of 0. 25 and perceived mother acceptance with a coefficient value of 0. 08 have an indirect significant relationship with cyberbullying through the mediation of emotional stability (p<0. 001). Conclusion: In general, the results of the present study showed that online disinhibition and perceived mother acceptance directly and indirectly through the mediation of emotional stability have a significant effect on cyberbullying. In terms of the application of interpersonal psychotherapy interventions, social network use management training and emotion and anger management are recommended for the development of parent-child communication, online disinhibition, emotional stability, and reduction of aggression, respectively.

Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus, like any other chronic illness, causes the person with the disease to experience problems that affect all aspects of the daily life of the individual. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of online cognitive-behavioral stress management training on blood glucose control and problems in sexual function of married women with diabetes during the pandemic of coronavirus. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all diabetic married women referred to the Parsian Diabetes Clinic in Tehran in year 2022. At first, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling method and then randomly divided into two groups of 15. For the people in the experimental group, the online cognitive-behavioral stress management training was implemented in 8 sessions, each session lasting 90 minutes, but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. The instruments used in this study included Diabetes Management Self‐Efficacy Scale of Bijl (1999) and Quality Of Life of Boyer and Earp (1997). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results indicated that online cognitive-behavioral stress management training significantly improved problems in sexual function of women with diabetes (p=0. 022, F=5. 934). However, online cognitive-behavioral stress management training was not effective in reducing blood glucose control in women with diabetes (p=0. 188, F=0. 668) Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be said that cognitive-behavioral stress management can be used in quarantine conditions during the outbreak of infectious diseases such as Corona, and diabetic patients can use this method to reduce their problems in sexual function.

Background and Objectives: Several factors may be the basis of intimate partner violence (IPV) and psychological distress of female victims, among which the role of positive concepts in such relationships is not very clear. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the model of the role of self-compassion and compassion for the romantic partner (CR) in psychological distress with the mediation of intimate partner violence (IPV) in female victims. Materials and Methods: The present study is descriptive. The statistical population included all women victims of IPV in Kerman province in 2023 (Kerman and Rafsanjan Cities) in 2022-2023, out of which 301 women were selected by convenience sampling. Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Compassionate Goals Scale (CGS), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) were used for gathering data. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The results showed that there is a relationship between psychological distress and self-compassion, CR, and IPV with rates of-0. 544, 0. 153, and 0. 332, respectively (p<0. 05). There was a significant relationship between IPV and self-compassion and CR with the rate of-0. 363 and 0. 193 (p<0. 05). Also, the results showed that there is a relationship between self-compassion and CR and psychological distress and mediation of IPV with rates of-0. 121 and 0. 064 (p<0. 05). Conclusion: Results of the present study suggested that self-compassion in women who are victims of IPV can have positive consequences, but CR can increase IPV and, as a result, more psychological distress. Therefore, the results of this research highlight the different effects of positive concepts in traumatic relationships.

Background and Objectives: Physical and mental health are related to cognitive flexibility and quality of life in the elderly with type-2 diabetes. Therefore, this study aims at determining the effect of life skills training on cognitive flexibility and quality of life in the elderly with type-2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The population consists of the elderly with type-2 diabetes members of Jahandidegan daily Center in Shiraz, Iran in 2022. Based on the inclusion criteria, 30 subjects were randomly selected and assigned into experimental and control groups of 15 subjects. Elderly people, suffering from type-2 diabetes were evaluated with a demographic, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and Quality of Life Questionnaire. The experimental group went under 10 sessions of 75 minutes of life skills training and the control group was held back on training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The findings showed that life skills training led to the improvement of cognitive flexibility mean score (F=15. 69, p<0. 001) and quality of life mean score (F=52. 18, p<0. 001) of the elderly with type-2 diabetes. Conclusion: The present study showed that life skills training can increase cognitive flexibility and quality of life in the elderly with type­-2 diabetes. Therefore, mental health specialists are recommended to use this simple, useful, and low-cost method in the elderly with type-2 diabetes with cautious.

Background and Objectives: The anxiety due to coronavirus has caused the emergence of a special class of anxieties that originates from this widespread disease and has challenged the psychological characteristics of humans. Therefore, the present study developed the corona anxiety model based on intolerance of uncertainty with the mediation of cognitive emotion regulation. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study. The statistical population of this research included all the medical students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences who were studying in the academic year of 2021-2022. Based on the inclusion criteria, 350 medical students were selected by purposive and convenience sampling methods and completed the Ghobadian’s Corona Anxiety Scale, Freeston’s Intolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire, and Garnefski’s Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using path analysis method. Results: Cognitive emotion regulation strategies can mediate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and coronavirus anxiety (Beta=0. 481). In other words, intolerance of uncertainty through positive (Beta=-0. 721) and negative (Beta=-0. 321) strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion predicts the level of coronavirus anxiety of medical students (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that psychological factors such as negative strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and intolerance of uncertainty are involved in corona anxiety. In other words, students' intolerance of uncertainty predicts an increase, and positive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion predict a reduction in anxiety of corona.

Background and Objectives: Examining the death trend of children under 5 years old can help in planning and policy making in the health field. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mortality trend of children under 5 years old in Rafsanjan City from 2011 to 2020. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 257 deaths of children under 5 years old in all areas covered by Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences has been investigated. The data collection tool was a checklist including the demographic information of the child, parents, cause of death, and criteria related to the economic and health status of the families. The information was obtained through the Health Deputy of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences and from the death registration system. The information was reported in the form of number and percentage, and the death rate in each region was calculated and displayed as a map. Results: The mean and standard deviation of children’s age was 14. 90±14. 79 months. 153 people (59. 5%) were girls, 225 people (87. 5%) were natives, 82 people (31. 9%) were non-Iranians, and 154 people (59. 9%) were city residents. 24 people (9. 3%) died due to traffic accidents. 18 (7%) of the mothers also had a history of stillbirth. 255 people (99. 2%) of these families had access to medical centers. Conclusion: The death rate was higher in the villages than in the city. Also, a significant number of deaths of children living in the city were non-Iranian, perhaps it can be said that this is caused by less favorable conditions of healthcare facilities and services as well as the economic conditions in the villages. As a result, it seems that increasing the equipment and facilities of neonatal intensive care units can play an effective role in reducing child mortality.

Background and Objectives: Tribulus terrestris is one of the medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of total phenol and flavonoid, and antioxidant activity in different developmental stages of the aerial parts of two populations of T. terrestris. Materials and Methods: The present laboratory study was conducted in 2021 in two habitats, warm and cold climate, in Ilam Province. The amount of total phenol, the total flavonoid content, and the antioxidant activity of the metanolic extract of the aerial parts of the plants were measured and expressed as IC50 (The half-maximal inhibitory concentration). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results: The highest and the lowest total phenol and flavonoid contents were obtained respectively in the flowering stage of warmer climate and the stem emergence stage of colder region. The highest and the lowest antioxidant activity were respectively related to the flowering and the stem emergence stages of Mehran and Asmanabad habitats. Conclusion: The flowering stage of Mehran tropical habitat had the highest content of total phenol, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity.

Cranial base region is one of the most challenging areas of the body for training, learning, and treatment due to vast anatomic complications and the presence of neurovascular factors. Fortunately, evolving of endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) to the skull base has improved the results of such surgeries in association with decreased complications, during the last three decades throughout the world. Iranian prominent universities have also tried to apply these novel techniques in disease treatment in line with the world reliable centers. Successful results of the world reliable centers indicate the necessity of teamwork and collaborative surgeries, especially with close collaboration of neurosurgeons and otorhinolaryngologists. In this regard, 1000 skull base surgeries have been done by the cooperation of the mentioned fields at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, since 10 years ago. This paper aimed to present the documented achievements of this cooperation.