Military Caring Sciences
Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Airway suctioning is one of the most important nursing interventions in patients under mechanical ventilation. Today, endotracheal suctioning is considered as the most painful experience of patients admitted to special wards. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foot reflexology massage on pain caused by suction in patients under mechanical ventilation admitted to intensive care units. Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a clinical trial on 36 patients (18 experimental patients and 18 control patients) under mechanical ventilation admitted to the intensive care unit. In this study, a simple randomization method was used to place patients in the experimental and intervention groups. To collect information from the demographic questionnaire and CPOT (Critical care pain observation) scale after suction and after the intervention to assess the level of pain in patients. Data were collected in SPSS software version 26 and to analyze the data. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used. Results: The present study was performed on 36 patients under mechanical ventilation. In the study of demographic variables, there was a significant difference in terms of gender (P=1. 000), underlying disease (P=0. 603), level of consciousness (P=0. 443), smoking (P= 1. 000), cause of hospitalization (P=0. 558), airway (P=1. 000), drug intake (P=1. 000) was not seen. In the experimental group, the amount of bad pain from the intervention had decreased (P<0. 001) and was statistically significant, but in the control group, the amount of pain after 20 minutes not only did not decrease but also increased (P<0. 001) and was statistically significant. It is meaningful. Conclusion: Due to the effect of reflexology foot massage in reducing the pain caused by suction in patients under mechanical ventilation, the use of this method in intensive care units is recommended.

Introduction: Monitoring anthropometric indices and factors affecting performance is significant importance for the preparation and performance enhancement in military forces. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the level of physical activity, anthropometric measures, and sleep quality, as well as their relationship in military students. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 120 students who were selected through convenience sampling method by recruitment. Measurements included anthropometric measures (height, ­weight, waist and neck circumference), physical activity (PA) level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Questionnaire). Spearman's rank-order correlation test was used to check the correlation between variables (SPSS 20). Results: All subjects were moderately (49. 17%) or vigorously active (50. 83%). The body mass index (BMI) of most subjects (87. 5%) was in the normal range and only 11. 67 of them were overweight. The waist circumference results revealed that the WC of all the subjects was within the normal range. Moreover, 72. 5% of subjects had good sleep quality and 27. 5% had poor sleep quality. There was a significant inverse relationship between the PA level and the BMI (r=-0. 430, P˂0. 001), as well as between the PA level and sleep quality (r=-0. 271, P=0. 004). No significant relationship was found between other variables (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Most subjects were in good condition in terms of body composition, PA level, and sleep quality,moreover, PA level was an important indicator in predicting BMI. However, a weak relationship was observed between PA level and sleep quality. Since sleep is a significant factor in military performance, further studies are warranted to determine the factors affecting sleep quality.

Introduction: Supplying safe water and treating emerging pollutants such as antibiotics is an important part of the broad issue of military hydrology. Today, photocatalytic processes work very well to remove these factors and can be effective most of the time without producing side products. Objective: The aim of this study is to synthesize MnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles and determine their efficiency in the photocatalytic removal of tetracycline from aqueous solutions, as an effective model for the treatment of military pharmaceutical wastewater. Materials and Methods: This research is a laboratory study that was conducted in a batch reactor at room temperature on synthetic samples. First, the magnetic nanoparticle MnFe2O4 was synthesized using the extract of Dracocephalum plant and characterized by XRD, FESEM, TEM, FTIR, VSM analyses and its effectiveness in the process of photocatalytic removal of tetracycline in the presence of UV light was evaluated by examining various parameters such as pH (3-9), catalyst dose (0. 025-1g/L), tetracycline concentration (5-100mg/L), contact time (5-20 min). Results: The spherical shape and the uniform surface of the synthesized nanoparticle with the size of 40-50 nm and in addition, the superparamagnetic properties of the synthesized nanoparticle were confirmed. Also, the photocatalytic experiments showed that the maximum efficiency of tetracycline degradation in optimal conditions was %68. 71, which showed an increase in efficiency of %33. 66 in similar conditions compared to the results of photolysis experiments. After six cycles, the efficiency of tetracycline removal decreased by %4 in the stability results of this nanoparticle. It should be noted that the reaction rate kinetics in this study followed the pseudo-first-order model. Conclusion: Based on the favorable results obtained in this study, this process is suggested for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants and wastewater treatment in military pharmaceutical industries and military hospitals.

Introduction: One of the important requirements in any organization (whether public or private) is to acquire as much entrepreneurial behavior as possible, which will increase the performance of the organization. Qbjective: The purpose of this research was the role of job motivation in predicting the entrepreneurial behavior of employees of the Martyr and Veterans Affairs Foundation with the mediation of self-efficacy. Material and Methods: The method of the present research is a correlational description and Convenience sampling method. The population of this research included all the employees of the Martyr and Veterans Affairs Foundation of Mashhad city who worked in the year 1400-1401. Among all working people, 150 people were selected as a sample using Table Morgan. Data were collected using the self-efficacy questionnaire of Scherer et al., Morrison's entrepreneurial behavior scale, and Kitchener's career motivation scale, and finally, data analysis was done using SPSS version 26. Results: The research data indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between job motivation and entrepreneurial behavior (r=. /51, P<0. 01),between job motivation and self-efficacy (r=. /79, P<0. 01),between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial behavior (r=. /68, P< 0. 01). Also, self-efficacy plays a mediating role in predicting entrepreneurial behavior based on job motivation (F = 53. 11, P < 0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this research, which are in line with the previous results, showed that it is possible to increase the entrepreneurial behavior of employees by considering job motivation, self-efficacy in the training programs of organizations.

Introduction: Lack of moral sensitivity and the existence of dysfunctional professional thoughts in emergency department nurses are important. Because wrong decisions cause irreparable damage to the patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the job performance of nurses in the emergency department of selected military hospitals in Tehran based on the variables of moral sensitivity and dysfunctional professional thoughts. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2020. The target population was nurses working in the emergency departments of selected military hospitals in Tehran. The sample size was 152 people. Sampling was done by stratified random sampling. Data collection tools included demographic and occupational characteristics form, Lutzen Ethical Sensitivity, Patterson Job Performance and Inefficient Professional Ethics Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency percentage) and tests such as a t-test with a significance level of P <0. 05 by SPSS software. Results: The majority of study participants were women (60. 5%). Most nurses had high moral sensitivity (51. 3%). The mean job performance of nurses was 26. 54±9. 53. The mean total score of nurses' dysfunctional thoughts was 61. 1±12. 51. In addition, the mean total score of moral sensitivity in the present study was 70. 84 ± 15. 09. Between different hospitals, there was a significant difference in the total score scores of dysfunctional thoughts and sub-dimensions of confusion and inability to make decisions, impossible expectations, importance to others and perfectionism. There was no significant difference between moral sensitivity and dysfunctional professional thoughts among selected hospitals. Nurses had relatively high moral sensitivity (51. 3%) and high job performance (73%). Regression results showed that moral sensitivity can predict about 32% of changes in job performance variables. Conclusion: Due to the high level of moral sensitivity among nurses, their job performance was at a high level and they were not influenced by dysfunctional professional thoughts. This study also showed that moral sensitivity is able to predict changes in nurses' job performance significantly.

Introduction: Neisseria meningitidis is a pathogenic bacterium that settles in the nasopharynx of people. This bacterium has thirteen different serological groups, but the most common groups that play a role in causing the fatal disease of meningitis are serological groups A, B, C, W135 and Y. This disease is of special importance in the military forces and determining and identifying carriers of different serogroups is very important Objective: This study was conducted to determine the number of carriers of Neisseria meningitidis serological groups using the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method in students of Baqiyatullah University of Medical Sciences before and after vaccination. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the pharynx samples of 115 students of Baghiyallah University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Sampling was done by Dacron swab from the pharynx. The samples were cultured in a specific and enriching culture medium. After 24 to 48 hours of incubation, biochemical methods were used to determine the identity of the strains. Then, their serological groups were determined by PCR method. Results: From 115 students, no serogroup of Neisseria Meningitidis was isolated in the stage before the double vaccination of Meningococcal Meningitis (De Vallan Meningococcal A+C). In the post-vaccination stage, two cases of Neisseria Meningitidis were detected among 68 students. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that no serological group was observed in the throat of people before vaccination. While vaccination and when the students were in the dormitory, two cases of Neisseria Meningitidis group C were detected. The observance of health principles, especially the use of masks during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), has influenced the results of this study. It is possible that under normal conditions and the non-implementation of special regulations related to Corona, the number of positive cases after the presence of students in the dormitory is more than the cases identified in this research.

Introduction: Clinical errors are an important issue in the care and health fields. Nursing students may also make more mistakes than nurses due to their low experience and skills. Objective: The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the frequency and causes associated with medication errors in internship nursing in Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces. Material and Methods: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. In total, 102 nursing intern students in the field in the seventh and eighth semesters of Sistan and Baluchistan province participated in the study by census method. The data collection instrument was a three-part researcher-made questionnaire including demographic characteristics, details related to medication error, and causes of medication errors. Data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software version 19 and with descriptive statistics including mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics like Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square and Kruskall-Wallis test. Results: 79 (77. 2%) ofstudents reported medication error. Error due to unfamiliarity with the brand name of drugs (44. 1%), incorrect time of administration of the drug (37. 3%) and giving the drug drawn in the syringe without checking the patients’ record or doctor’s prescription (33. 3%) were the most common types of medication errors. Doctor’s handwriting (58. 8%) was the most common cause of medication errors by students. Conclusion: Most students reported the medication error, which is an alarm. It is necessary to hold pre-internship courses to review drug categories, brands and calculate the dose of drugs and reading the physician’s orders to prevent medication errors.

Introduction: University professors, due to their great impact on their environment, especially students, in addition to performing their scientific and research duties, also have a sensitive moral role in educating students. Therefore, it is necessary to address professional ethics in this group. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the level of professional ethics in faculty members and teachers based on self-assessment in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study conducted in the academic year 2022-2021, 121 faculty members and teachers of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences were included in the study by counting method. To collect data, two questionnaires were used: demographic information and quality of performance of Sadat et al. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 18 with the help of descriptive and analytical statistics (P <0. 005). Results: Out of 121 teachers participating in the study, 70 (57. 9%) were male and the rest were female and the mean age of the participants was39. 14±6. 18 years. The highest age group of participants(66 people)was between 36-45 years (54. 5%)and the most active place was the teachers(46 people)of the medical school(38%). In terms of education, having a degree, 71 people had a doctorate (58. 7%), 108 people had a scientific degree(89. 3%)and 79 people had a history of1-5 years(65. 3%). There was no significant relationship between ethics score and any of the demographic variables. The mean and standard deviation of the morality score was151. 29± 16. 30. And the highest scores, respectively, related to the areas of practical commitment34. 57 ± 4. 04, professional ability of33. 76 ± 4. 35, The management and leadership of the class was30. 68±3. 89, the professional ethics was26. 42 ± 2. 69 and the scientific and educational ability was25. 84 ± 3. 38. Discussion: The level of professional ethics in general among the professors of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences is at a high level, but some scores in the fields are low, which is necessary. University officials should promote these sub-areas by holding workshops, training courses, pamphlets and ethical charters.

Introduction: Spiritual self-care has played an important role in adapting nurses to stressful professional conditions, but has often been neglected by health systems. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate spiritual self-care programs of nurses in Iran and other countries. Materials and Methods: The present study is a narrative review and by searching the Persian and English databases, PubMed, SID, Iran doc, Magiran and a manual search in Google Scholar using the keywords nurse, health workers, spiritual self-care, self-care, spiritual health and health policy was done without time limit (until 2022). In total, out of 35309 articles obtained according to the inclusion criteria, 33 related articles were included in the study. Results: Despite the special place of spirituality in nursing, the implementation of spiritual self-care in nurses with individual barriers (lack of understanding of the concept of self-care and lack of evaluation, lack of motivation, ignorance of spiritual needs and misconception of spirituality) and organizational (selfish selfishness as a subset Nursing culture is associated with high workload with low salaries, lack of attention and planning of officials in this field. Health policymakers in countries such as the United States, Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and Lebanon by implementing strategies such as developing national programs, forming associations and training programs and creating a requirement in self-care through ethical codes to raise the level of Nurses' spiritual self-care has helped. However, no program in this field is currently being implemented in Iran and no study has been found in this field. Conclusion: It is suggested that health policymakers in Iran, by modeling the programs of leading countries in the field of spiritual self-care of nurses, help improve the spiritual self-care capacity of nurses.