Journal of Comparative Linguistic Research
Year:2024 | Volume:13 | Issue:26|Papers Count:12

Dialectology studies a dialect scientifically along with its geographical distribution.Each dialect is a language; and to study a dialect various linguistic analyses are required.This property makes the study of a language a little long in terms of time.Collecting dialectical data is very time consuming and required a lot of effort.Raw data is not much usable in dialectology and it is required to add linguistic analyses to the data in the framework of structural linguistic analysis.Using a computer as a research tool causes to prepare the data in a specific structure.The main contribution of the current paper is proposing a standard to organize dialectic data and information.This standard contains the dialectic data, its relevant meta-data, and the linguistic information related to the analysis of this data.The meta-data and linguistic information are organized in the XML tree structure.This data structure is highly portable and it can be easily read into a database.

Left Dislocation (LD) refers to the syntactic phenomenon in which an element is moved from its underlying position and placed at the beginning of the clause. A resumptive element occupies the underlying position of the LD-ed element. A primary objective of this study is to identify and investigate different types of Left dislocation constructions in Hawrami dialect, emphasizing their information structure. The research method is descriptive-analytical and data elicitation was conducted through interviews with native speakers. The data demonstrates that there exist two types of dislocation, that is, Clitic Left Dislocation and Contrastive Left Dislocation. Specifically, three main information functions are identified for Left Dislocation constructions: aboutness topic, contrastive topic and focus. In addition, Clitic Doubling and Topicalization as two constructions displaying surface resemblances to the Left Dislocation construction are discussed. Upon closer inspection, the identity hypothesis of Left Dislocation and Clitic Doubling is rejected.

The subject of this article is the philosophy of language and its purpose is to compare the traditions of analytical and continental philosophy in dealing with language. For this purpose, first these two philosophical traditions have been briefly introduced, then it was investigated how language can be viewed from each of these two perspectives and what questions can be raised about it, then by introducing four the philosophy of language books that were translated and written in Iran, the attitude towards the philosophy of language in Iran was examined. As seen from the review of these four best-selling works in the field of philosophy of language, the dominant view of philosophy of language in Iran is similar to English-language countries or even influenced by analytical philosophy.

In this article, the function of simple vowels in Persian poetry and prose is described. By rethinking examples of Persian poetry, the author has shown that firstly, the phonetic manifestation of vowels in Persian poetry is twelve. Secondly, it is necessary to involve phonemes and phonemes in prosody. Thirdly, knowing these twelve vowels and how they work in prosody is very necessary for the proper teaching of this knowledge. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical, and using PRAAT software, the difference between vowels has been shown accurately. The practical results of the article are the introduction and correction of errors that occurred in the teaching of this knowledge.

Comparative research in the field of Iranian languages and dialects data has not been done seriously in Iran due to the nature of its "data base" and related problems. Therefore, it is difficult to follow the comparative studies between the valid varieties of the Persian language. Afghanistan and Iran, as two neighboring Muslim countries (on a border of about 500 km), have considerable linguistic and cultural convergence. The lack of supervisory and support institutions regarding the Dari language, the existence of long wars and extensive migrations have caused little attention to the position of the Persian language in Afghanistan. The results of the present research indicate the similarity of the general typological pattern of the Herati and Kabuli dialects with the border Persian dialects of eastern Iran in areas such as prepositions, the position of prepositions, verb tenses, negation constructions and causative types.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of Praat software in teaching the stress pattern of verb-noun pairs, which have the same written form, but different grammatical categories. The research method of the present study is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design between experimental and control groups. All subjects read ten sentences containing noun-verb pairs in two stages of pre-test and post-test with an unmarked intonation. In the control group, the stress pattern was instructed using the traditional method through the IPA transcription and repetition. In contrast, the experimental group had the opportunity to use Praat software to record their voice and compare the stress pattern of the recorded word with that of the dictionary. The results showed the experimental group is not significantly different from the words derived from the dictionary group . As a result, they have learned the stress pattern correctly.

Despite the numerous studies regarding repair in different languages, it has not been yet studied in Lori language. The aim of this research is to study the repair in Kohgiluyeh dialect in comparison with that of Persian. The researchers tried to explore the repair strategies, frequencies, and preferences for their use. The sample consisted of 80 male speakers (40 Lori and 40 Persian speakers) whose age ranges from 20-50 years. They were selected from Lori people of Kohgiluyeh and Persian speakers of Bushehr and Ahvaz using convenience sampling. The results, based on the data obtained from 340 minutes of recorded telephone and face-to-face conversations, revealed a strong tendency for the use of self-initiated self-repair. The findings are compatible with the strategies introduced by Schegloff(2013). It was also observed that non-lexical strategies were used more frequently than lexical ones. Also, the repairs are used more in telephone conversations than face-to-face conversations.

The theoretical structure of conceptual blending is based on the idea that the process of meaning construction arises from the combination and fusion of conceptual structures. In this process, inner mental spaces are formed, mappings between these spaces occur, and as a result of selective blending between these spaces, a new space called blended space emerges, which is more than the sum of its constituent parts. This article examines the mental spaces related to the term "rend" in Hafez's poetry. The main goal of this article is to clarify how the character of "rend" in Hafez's poetry transforms into an elevated and perfect human being with all the negative characteristics associated with it in the external world, deserving of authority and leadership. The research findings indicate that Hafez has created a character by using mental spaces and blending them regarding "rend", which, despite possessing the real qualities of a "rend

we investigate the effect of phonological awareness on the mathematics of second- grade students. The statistical population was selected from the second- grade female students of Quchan city. Out of 140 female students, 70 persons were chosen as the control group). For both groups pre-tests in phonological and mathematics were performed. The experimental group was exposed to phonological awareness training during 10 sessions for 30 minutes, and finally, after a breaktime, the math test and the phonological test were done again. The results show that phonological awareness has a significant effect on the math performance of second-grade female students, which is in line with the researches conducted in this field. But its different aspect is paying attention to the age group for the phonological awareness test.

Numerals are the linguistic representation of numbers. In some languages, numerals have distinctive features that make them to be considered a word class. Moreover, in linguistic analyses, numerals are generally studied in simple (single-digit) forms, and the fact that numerals have an internal structure and can potentially express an infinite number of numbers is ignored. In this study, we investigated Persian numerals and showed that numerals in Persian are not a word class. We also showed that numerals have an internal structure consisting of two groups: counters and decifiers. Counters are a closed class of quantifiers that cyclically determine the quantity of a decifier or a countee. Decifiers are an open class of classifiers that determine the scale of a counter in the numeral system and its positional notation. The combination of these two groups can produce an infinite number of numerals in Persian.

The prefix "hæm-" in Persian forms a noun, an adverb or an adjective by connecting to the bases such as nouns and adverbs. In this article, which is written in the framework of construction morphology, Booij (2010), the semantic domains of more than 500 derived gathered from Bijankhan corpus and some Persian dictionaries words with the prefix "ham-" have been investigated. Then, the schemas, subschemas and inheritance tree of them have been presented and analyzed. According to the results of this research, the prefix "ham-" has five semantic domains and 14 different meanings and functions; so it has multiple meanings. This polysemy can be explained at the level of constructional abstract schemas and as a result it is called constructional polysemy. Examining these derived words has shown that the prefix "hæm-" has more of an adjective-forming and noun-forming function than an adverb forming function.

Emotions are generally described as personal subjective experiences whose linguistic mediation allows interactions with others. It is evident that gender affects the expression of emotions. This research has two main aims. First, it studies the linguistic devices used for expressing emotions, such as adjectives, verbs and metaphors. Second, it concentrates on the role of gender in the expression of emotions such as joy, sadness, fear and anger in written production. We asked the students to write a paragraph on their happy and sad experiences, as well as on experiences that provoke the emotions of fear and anger that they have experienced in the past or are experiencing now. By analyzing their language productions, it is observed that they express their emotions differently by using different devices. In addition, women express their emotions in more detail by using much more charged emotional language than men,