Health Management and Information Science
Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Some studies indicated that membership in social networks could lead to overweight or obesity. Other studies showed that social networks and the Internet could affect people's nutritional status. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of social networking on students' attitudes and eating habits.Methods: This study is a descriptive survey conducted among students. A questionnaire designed in four main parts to measure students' nutritional status and attitude was used as an instrument. Three hundred sixty-four (364) students participated in this study. In addition, a Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the variables.Results: Most participants in this study were female and single, and Telegram was the social network with the most users. The participants believed that spending time on social networking did not significantly change their tendency to get more nutritional information. Also, respondents to the questionnaire stated that there was no significant change in their food consumption patterns following social networking. Moreover, the results explained a statistically significant difference in the participants' dietary beliefs due to social networking (p<0.001).Conclusion: Although the effect of social networking on users is a fact, and most of the participants used social networking and were members of several channels, the role of social networking in students' nutrition status was not confirmed. However, social networking could change the students' nutritional beliefs.

Introduction: Stress directly correlates with job satisfaction and employee performance and affects people's health, safety, and quality of work life (QWL). The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy (VRT) on emotional exhaustion and the QWL of employees with occupational stress (OS).Methods: This is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, control group, and follow-up. The statistical population included all employees with OS working in public organizations of Isfahan in 2021. The study sample consisted of 30 employees with OS, who were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the VRT and control groups. The VRT group attended eight 20-minute intervention sessions, whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. The participants completed the Emotional Exhaustion Questionnaire (EEQ) and Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (QWLQ) in three stages. The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 26.Results: The results indicated that the VRT reduced emotional exhaustion and improved the QWL of the employees with OS (P<0.001), and these effects remained stable during the follow-up (P<0.001).Conclusion: In this research, we found that the QWL of the employees with OS improved by using VRT. Accordingly, organizations can improve mental health and reduce OS in their employees by holding VRT courses.

Introduction: Psychologists and education experts are now interested in analyzing the psychological, cognitive, personal, and communicative characteristics of gifted students. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of smartphone addiction and academic self-concept in predicting the gifted students’ achievement motivation.Methods: The statistical population of this cross-sectional study included all gifted high school students of Tehran within the 2022–23 academic year. The stratified cluster sampling technique was employed to select 412 students as the research sample. The participants were asked to fill out the research measurement tools (i.e., Smartphone Addiction Scale, Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire, and Achievement Motivation Questionnaire). The Pearson correlation coefficient and the stepwise regression were used to analyze the data.Results: According to the results, there was a negative significant relationship between smartphone addiction and achievement motivation, whereas there was a positive significant association between academic self-concept and achievement motivation (P<0.001). In fact, smartphone addiction and academic self-concept predicted a 23% variance in the achievement motivation of students. Moreover, smartphone addiction contributed further to the achievement motivation of gifted students.Conclusion: Based on the results, paying further attention to the effects of smartphone addiction and academic self-concept on the achievement motivation of gifted students is emphasized. The findings can be used as an appropriate model for designing and developing certain programs to reduce smartphone addiction, improve academic self-concept, and enhance the academic motivation of students.

Introduction: General practitioners are considered the main resource of any health system. The performance of General practitioners significantly affects public health. Jon's satisfaction is affected by numerous factors. The aim of the article is to synthesize the literature studying the factors associated with physician satisfaction.Methods: Two databases including Scopus and Pubmed were searched. Primary research studies were included only if they reported on the provision of factors that affect general practitioners’ job satisfaction. All studies except systematic reviews were also excluded. Quality assessment of the systematic reviews included in the umbrella review evaluated by assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews tool checklist for systematic reviews.Results: Factors affecting physicians' job satisfaction are divided into five groups. Personal Factors: (Health status, Work-family conflict, Life satisfaction),  Demographic Factors: (Age, Gender, Marital status, Race), Practice factors: (Years of experience, Getting responsibility and recognition for work, Patient characteristics, Being a foreign/ internationally trained doctor)Organizational factors,: (Autonomy in the work, Task delegation, Working conditions, Working hours, workload, Diversity of work, relations and contact with colleagues, Being involved in teaching medical students, Administrative burdens,  Work environment, Non-financial incentives, Work engagement, Hospital type, and structure,  Management, and leadership, Opportunity for professional development, Access to resources), Financial and economic factors (Payment methods Income). Physician satisfaction is a dynamic entity totally related to both personal-related and job and work-related factors.Conclusion: This review supports the understanding of the factors that influence job satisfaction as an essential factor that leads to better health outcomes.

Introduction: Job stress can lead to nursing errors. Therefore, due to the spread of the corona virus disease and excessive fatigue of the medical staff, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between job stress and nursing errors during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2022.Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study conducted during the covid-19 pandemic on 130 nurses of the teaching hospitals of Yazd University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected using standard questionnaires of occupational stress (HSE questionnaire) and nursing errors. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS version 22.Results: The overall mean score of job stress was 119.3, which indicates a high (severe) job stress level in the studied nurses. Also, the overall mean score of nursing errors was 35.15, which indicates high levels of nursing errors. Finally, there was a statistically significant relationship between job stress and nursing errors (P=0.031). As the level of occupational stress increased, the incidence of nursing errors enhanced.Conclusion: A wide range of factors play a role in the occurrence of nursing errors, and occupational stress is one of them. Identifying other factors and removing them from the work environment increase the quality of care and patient safety. It is necessary to identify the amount and stress factors in future and try to eliminate them by providing management solutions.

Introduction: The present research aimed at investigating the optimum use of resources in hospitals by estimating and comparing the utilization and cost of consumables in a large hospital in Iran during 2017-2018.Methods: The data were collected from the accrual accounting system, store invoices and executive management department. Descriptive statistics were performed. Excel was used for data analysis.Results: Syringe and surgical gas had the highest and lowest cost items, respectively, among the hospital consumables. Surgical gas had also the greatest growth of consumables cost from 2017 to 2018 (114%). Emergency department and ICU had the highest consumption among hospital departments. Moreover, greatest increases in consumable costs were observed in laboratory (258%), and osteology (72%) and digestion (72%) departments. The findings also showed that although utilization of most of consumables had a decreasing trend, their cost increased (overall 45%)Conclusion: The high rate of general inflation, lack of utilization plan for consumables, and lack of supervision and monitoring system on resource consumption are among the reasons for the increasing trend of resource cost. Two last issues can be addressed by hospital administrators in order to control consumables cost.

Introduction: The growing use of smartphones increased the mental dependence of adolescents on these devices and reduced their social interactions. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the relationships between academic adjustment and academic stress in high school students.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was employed to analyze the relationship between variables. The statistical population included all female high school students of Ahvaz (Iran) within the 2022–23 academic year. The stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 406 female students as the research sample. The research instruments included the Academic Adjustment Scale, Academic Stress Scale, and Mobile Phone Addiction Scale. The proposed model was evaluated through SEM, whereas the indirect relationships were tested through bootstrapping.Results: The results indicated that there was a negative significant relationship between academic stress and academic adjustment (P<0.001). Moreover, there was a positive significant relationship between academic stress and smartphone addiction, whereas a significant negative relationship was observed between smartphone addiction and academic adjustment (P<0.001). There was also an indirect significant path from smartphone addiction to academic adjustment (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to research results, the proposed model was a good fit. Hence, it is considered a major step in identifying the effective factors in the academic adjustment of students. In general, by reducing academic stress and addiction to smartphones, it is possible to increase academic adjustment among high school students.

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a deadly disease that commonly has an adverse impact on patients' health-related quality of life across multiple health domains. Meanwhile, health information literacy may help to alleviate or reduce the negative impact while improving treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the influence of health information literacy on health-related quality of life of tuberculosis patients in Lagos State, Nigeria.Methods: This study adopted the survey design. A sample size of 310 was obtained using Taro Yamane formula. Multistage sampling technique was used to select TB patients from twelve Directly Observed Treatment Centers across the three senatorial districts in the State. Data were collected using validated health literacy and health-related quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple linear and multiple regression analysis.Results: The results revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 35.87 years ± 11.95. The results revealed that health information literacy (t(295) = 8.513, p < 0.05) had a positive and significant influence on health-related quality of life. The results also showed that the ability to identify specific information need (β = .171, p < 0.05) and use information (β = .154, p < 0.05) had a positive and significant effect on health-related quality of life of tuberculosis patients.Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that health information literacy influence health-related quality of life of tuberculosis patients.