Journal of Health Promotion Management
Year:2024 | Volume:13 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

2Introduction: Sexual health education is very important in improving the quality of life of adolescents living in welfare centers. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of "Sexual Health Education" on the sexual self-concept of adolescent girls living in welfare centers in Isfahan city. Methods: The current research was of semi-experimental type with pre-test, post-test with control group and follow-up. The statistical population of the present study included all adolescent girls living in the welfare centers of Isfahan city in 1402. 30 adolescent girls aged 15 to 18 were selected based on convenience sampling. Then they were randomly assigned to the "Sexual Health Education" group (15 adolescents) and the control group (15 adolescents) by lottery. The research data was collected with a demographic questionnaire and "Sexual Self-Concept Scale". Content validity was done by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Then, for the intervention group, 8 90-minute sessions of "sexual health education" (1 session per week) were conducted. The control group received the treatment after the research was completed. After the completion of the intervention, a post-test and a follow-up was conducted 2 months later. The instruments of all three stages were completed by teenagers living in welfare centers. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 27 software. Results: There was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in the variable of sexual self-concept, in the post-test and follow-up phase. Therefore, the intervention was effective in improving the sexual self-concept of adolescents living in welfare centers (P<0.05). Conclusions: "Sexual Health Education" improves the sexual self-concept of adolescents living in welfare centers. It is suggested that psychologists and center supervisors use the findings of this research to improve the sexual health of adolescents.

2Introduction: Identifying and presenting the professional development models of counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran can help them perform reasonably and appropriately and improve their abilities. The current research was conducted with the aim of designing the model of professional development of counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran based on the Grounded Theory. Methods: The present study is of a qualitative type, which was conducted with the Grounded Theory approach. The statistical population of this research included all counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran in 2022. The method of sampling was purposive and snowball. The number of samples reached 21 semi-structured interviews using the principle of theoretical saturation. In this research, to measure the validity of the findings, 4 criteria of credibility, generalizability, reliability and verifiability were used, and the method of reviewing the interview texts by the interviewees and the two-coder method was used to measure the reliability of the findings. Data analysis was done with open, axial and selective coding.  Results: The components of causal conditions include work conscience, purposefulness, interest, motivation for growth and development, and correct policy making; the components of the phenomena include improving knowledge and strengthening individual characteristics; the component of the context include the organization of psychology and counseling and excellent quality of education; the component of intervention conditions include lack of scientific flexibility, lack of scientific openness and commercialization of education; the component of strategies included individual and collaborative strategies, and the component of consequences included building trust in referred, increasing the self-confidence of counselors, increasing the quality of counseling, and therapeutic alliance.  Conclusions: 6 selected codes under the title of components (causal condition, background, phenomena, intervention, strategies, and consequences), 16 axial codes, and 118 open codes were identified. It is suggested that the authorities of higher education and the organization of the psychology and counseling system consider the designed model and provide a suitable platform for the professional development of counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran.

2Introduction: Life expectancy plays an important role in people's adaptation to the issue of divorce, and lack or low life expectancy causes psychological damage. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying life expectancy factors in women after divorce. Methods: The current research was conducted with the qualitative approach of conventional content analysis. The statistical population of the present study included experts including academic lecturers in the field of psychology from Zanjan Islamic Azad University, Qom University and Zanjan University and experts in the field of family and divorce as well as women after divorce from several psychology centers in Zanjan city in in 2022. Data collection was done by semi-structured interview method. Data analysis was done using the conventional content analysis method and in MAXQDA. 2020. Results: Findings showed 8 main themes and 33 sub-themes including: factors of independent financing (with 3 sub-themes), factors related to personality characteristics (with 4 sub-themes), factors related to group education through media and culture building (with 4 sub-themes), factors related to counseling and psychotherapy (with 4 sub-themes), factors related to family support, social support, government support (with 7 sub-themes), factors related to empowerment and having a goal (with 7 sub-themes), factors related to healthy lifestyle (with 2 sub-themes) and factors related to spirituality (with 2 sub-themes). Conclusions: The existence of 8 main themes including factors of independent financing, factors related to personality characteristics, factors related to group education through media and culture, factors related to counseling and psychotherapy, factors related to family support, social support, and government support. It showed factors related to empowerment and having a goal, factors related to healthy lifestyle and factors related to spirituality. Therefore, it is suggested to use the results of the present study to increase the life expectancy of divorced women.

2Introduction: Considering the importance of gender identity in personal life and social interactions, the current research was conducted with the aim of "Cognitive-Behavioral Training" effectiveness on psychological distress and cognitive flexibility of people with gender dysphoria disorder. Methods: The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and its design was pre-test-post-test with the control group. The statistical population of the research included all the people with gender dysphoria disorder referred to the Rasht Social Emergency Center in 2019, that 32 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 intervention and control groups (16 people in each group). To collect data, "Psychological Distress Scale" and "Cognitive Flexibility Inventory" were used in the pre-test and post-test.  Content validity was performed by qualitative method and reliability was performed by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The "Cognitive-Behavioral Training" was conducted during 8 sessions of 90 minutes in intervention group. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 23. Results: By controlling the pre-test score between the intervention and control groups, there was a significant difference between the participants of the two groups in the variable of psychological distress and cognitive flexibility. "Cognitive-Behavioral Training" was effective in reducing psychological distress (F=5.47 and P<0.05) and also increasing cognitive flexibility (F=20.88 and P<0.01) of people with sexual boredom disorder. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of "Cognitive-Behavioral Training" on reducing psychological distress and increasing cognitive flexibility of people with sexual boredom disorder, it is suggested that the above training be used in a wide range of behavioral and cognitive problems.

2Introduction: The level of acceptance and action of people is influential in the emergence of body image and health-promoting behaviors in people. The present study aimed to predict a health-promoting lifestyle based on acceptance and action with the mediation of body image concern in obese women.  Methods: The descriptive research method is correlation type. The statistical population of the current study consisted of women with a body mass index above 30 who referred to weight loss clinics in district one of Tehran city in 1402. Among them, 245 people were selected by non-random and conveyance sampling method. To collect data demographic questionnaire, "Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile", "Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II" and "Body Image Concern Inventory" was used. The validity of the instruments was measured using content validity using content validity ratio method and reliability using the internal consistency method by calculating the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. The data was analyzed with SPSS 24 and AMOS 24. Results: Acceptance and action (β=0.252, P=0.001) predicts health-promoting lifestyle in obese women. Body image mediates the relationship between acceptance and action (β=0.083, P=0.001) with health-promoting lifestyle in obese women.  Conclusions: Health-promoting lifestyle is predicted based on acceptance and action with the mediation of body image concern in obese women. Health professionals are suggested to focus on obesity treatment and health promotion in obese women on their acceptance, practice, and manifestations, including body image.

2Introduction: Most of the children involved with mental health problems come from broken families. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to predict the psychological well-being of divorced children based on Components of parenting with the mediation of the guardian's personality traits. Methods: The research method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population includes primary school students (second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth grades) of Qom province in the academic year of 2022-2023 whose parents were separated. The sample group included 200 students (100 girls, 100 boys). The samples were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. Divorced children participating in the study completed the "Psychological Well-Being Scale (Children's form)" and the "Alabama Parenting Questionnaire". As well as the "NEO Five-Factor Inventory" by the guardian parent of each child was answered. The validity of the instruments was measured using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After completing the questionnaires, the data were analyzed using the structural equation model method using SPSS v. 26 and Lisrel 8.8. Results: Based on the fit indices, the proposed model has a good fit (x2/df =1.64, 2.64, CFI=0.97, NFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.056). Also, the results showed the components of parenting with psychological well-being. Divorced children have a direct, positive and significant correlation (P<0.01). Also, the personality traits of the guardian parent between the components of parenting and the psychological well-being of divorced children have a positive and significant mediating role (P<0.01). Conclusions: Components of parenting increases the psychological well-being of divorced children directly and indirectly through the personality traits of the guardian parent. Therefore, it is suggested that educational authorities hold workshops and training programs to teach the parenting, sometimes raise parents and try to improve the psychological well-being of students.

2Introduction: Anxiety causes suicidal behavior by affecting the level of interpersonal needs. The aim of the present study was to provide a causal model of suicidal behavior based on anxiety with the mediation of interpersonal needs in suicide attempters. Methods: The current research is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the patients who tried to commit suicide in Tehran in 2022, and 396 of them were selected from Baharloo Hospital of Tehran by available sampling. Demographic questionnaire, the "Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire", "Beck Anxiety Inventory" and "Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire" were used to collect data. In the present study, the validity of the instruments was not checked and the reliability was measured by the internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The data was analyzed with SPSS 26 and Amos version 26 software. Results: The results of the present study showed that there is a positive and significant direct correlation between anxiety and suicidal behavior (β=0.32, P=0.001), perceived burdensomeness with suicidal behavior (β=0.28, P=0.001), and thwarted belongingness with suicidal behavior (β=0.29, P=0.001). Perceived burdensomeness (Z=6.77, P=0.001) and thwarted belongingness (Z=6.78, P=0.001) mediated the correlation between anxiety and suicidal behavior. Conclusions: Anxiety has a direct and indirect positive correlation with the mediation of interpersonal needs with suicidal behavior. Therefore, it is suggested to diagnose and examine interpersonal needs in people suffering from anxiety in order to reduce their suicidal behavior.

2Introduction: Veterans and the disabled are among the people who can make better use of their free time by doing sports activities. The purpose of the present research was to present the development model of sports participation in leisure time of veterans and disabled people with sensory impairments (hearing and visual impairments) and physical and movement impairments (having problems with movement and physical condition) with a Grounded Theory. Methods: The current qualitative research was conducted with the Grounded Theory approach. The research community included psychologists, sports experts, people with organizational positions in sports organizations across the country, sports coaches in sports clubs across the country, and university lecturers in the field of sports management from across the country in 2022. The number of samples using the principle of theoretical saturation was 18 people, which were selected using the snowball method. Data collection was done by semi-structured interview. To measure the validity of the findings, four criteria were used, including validity, generalizability, reliability, and confirmability, and to measure the reliability of the interviews, the test-retest method and the within-subject agreement method were used. Finally, data analysis was done by coding method and using Max QDA. 12. Results: Causal conditions including (social-cultural factors, economic factors, political factors, technological-environmental factors), context (development of economic resources, development of hardware infrastructure, production of sports programs), phenomenon (enhancement of the development process of sports), intervening conditions (improvement of social capital, improvement of psychological capital), strategies (talent cultivation, mental and psychological empowerment, physical empowerment) and consequences (social solidarity, social participation, national and international functions, improvement of quality of life) . Conclusions: The existence of 6 selective codes of the components of causal conditions, context, phenomenon, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences, and 17 axial codes and 49 open codes were identified. Sports practitioners and planners are suggested to improve their health as a member of society by institutionalizing cooperative sports among veterans and disabled people.