HERITAGE AND TOURISM JOURNAL
Year:2017 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Although from a long time ago tourism has recognized by most of religions and civilizations, but in last decades is getting more important by introducing globalization, especially cultural globalization. Special Attitude of Schools and ideologies to existence, world and human, has brought them to interpret tourism based on their values and norms. By using descriptive-analytic method and archival resources, this study aims to analyze Islamic and western worldviews and try to answers this question: what are the differences between Islamic and western worldviews in tourism planning and development? Findings show that Islamic outlook to tourism management imply affirmative and privative views simultaneously. Accordingly pink tourism, wine tourism and casino tourism included as privative ones and cultural heritage tourism is one of the best affirmative ones. Also based on Quran, human heritage preservation as god’s properties, is a must.

Historical houses and conventional architecture of them is affected by the culture of their builders and residents and considering their crucial roles of them in material and spiritual life; it needs essential approach in protection, maintenance and revival. The present study is conducted for the aim of Codification of guidelines of tourism development at historical houses as reviving elements of historical contexts. Sample size of the research was 40 experts of the cultural, handcraft and tourism heritage organization which have completed a questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire is confirmed by the experts and its reliability is established by Cronbach’s coefficient a, measured 0.739. The results of formation of the matrix of assessment and expression of the strategy demonstrate that in “So” strategy, the best way for introduction of monument is increasing the reputation and awareness about the historical house. In “Wo” strategy, the most important way is increasing information and propaganda by entering capitals and in “St”, the most appropriate strategy is familiarizing people with special architecture and decreasing traffic volume between available monuments in the region. Finally, “Wt” strategy recommends increasing monument visit by change in appropriate usage of the monument and it emphasize on increasing the information and awareness of people.

Tourism or touristy is an industry with the foundation of traveling and sightseeing. It is considered as one of the most important modern human activities that could make changes in political, social, economic, and cultural situations of societies. In this industry production and consumption exist together and happen at the same time. Development of tourism produces jobs and improves the economy and enhances investment opportunities in the region. Hence, it can fulfill economic, social, and cultural needs of the area.Cities of Abadan and Khoramshahr which now called “Arvand free zone” were two of the major tourist sights of the country not too long ago. But war, followed infrastructure destruction, and lack of proper planning have caused them to lose their primary position in tourism. This district includes many natural beautiful tourist attraction sights like palm groves, picturesque villages, Karoon and Bahmanshir and Arvandrood rivers, inner cities historical and commercial and industrial and cultural tourist attractions and also variant connective roads and buildings affected by war (which gives them historical value too). Having those all on top of being located in the free zone make this region a strategic one. This region can take back its place in tourism by organized and accurate planning. This planning for the tourism improvement will be possible by understanding of the capacity of each area for tourism, and then making a plan based on its potential capabilities. This research is trying to introduce Arvand Free Zone tourist sights utilizing analyticsl methods and also studying the foundation of tourism. Accordingly, we identify the axes of attractions and tourism in the region, through the identification and evaluation of internal and external factors affecting this important industry techniques with SWOT, sustainable tourism development strategies are provided.

Political, economic, technological, and competitive environments have always been influential on tourism industry. Tourists tend to choose destinations that not only offer cultural and historical attractions but also are more economical in comparison to other destinations. Tourism services and political situation between the origin and destination countries are of importance too. Therefore, the purpose of current study is to analyze influential environments on Esfahan tourism industry. The nature of this research is descriptive-analytical and the information has been gathered by field study approach and desk study. Statistical populations of this study are 105 tourists interview in Esfahan plus 60 tourist specialist and officials. Descriptive statistics (frequency distribution, standard deviation, mean), inferential statistics (one sample run, chi-square, Kendall’s W ranks, Pearson correlation coefficient) have been used to gather information in this research. Descriptive and inferential research shows that tourists are not satisfied with technological, economic, political, and legal environments. According to Kendal’s W ranks in 99% certainty, tourists’ satisfaction level of technological environment is at most 2.78 and at least 1.98. The results of Chi-square Pearson correlation coefficient shows with 95 % certainty that there is a meaningful and direct relationship between poor quality of different environments in Esfahan and the number of tourists. Also according to Kendall’s W ranks by 99 % certainty, legal and political problems by 2.88 and economic problems by 2.26 have respectively the most and least effects on tourism industry.

Health Tourism in general and medical tourism in particular is one of the Types of tourism that its annual income in the world estimated to be about a hundred billion dollars. Medical tourism which has a rich history, in recent centuries organized and Private and governmental organizations have benefited from the interests. In this paper, By statistical analysis of Statistics Organization a and three important indicators such hospital density, the size of hospital and The population density pressure on hospitals By GiZScore method or the Z-Score method of Arc GIS software to determine the critical provinces to earn a clear assessment of the provinces to create and promote medical tourism that we realized that the medical centers and the number of beds is Primary needs of the province. Western Azerbaijan has a large population, but the number of hospital beds is limited. Sistan and Baluchistan more than 99 percent due to the absence of major hospitals and Western Azerbaijan more than 99 percent because of the population density pressure on hospitals is not desirable for medical tourism.

Today, health tourism is one of the most important sectors of the tourism industry in the world the development of this industry, especially in countries that seek to achieve sustainable growth, is particularly important it is one of the industries representing cultures and employment for the countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the health and health potential of Mashhad city with the approach of health tourism. The present study was conducted in terms of applied and descriptive-analytical method. The studied area is the Mashhad metropolis to develop a general and theoretical foundations of documentary and in order to analyze the relationships between research variables and the answer to the research questions is from the GIS software. To analyze the availability of each neighborhood to the hospital and hotels and analysis of public services in these places in the same neighborhood, scattered data on the Euclidean distance formula is used. The results of the research show that hotels have no access to health services, and there is no adaptation between the distribution of hotels and hospitals and the distribution of public services in Mashhad. Studies show that Mashhad's neighborhoods are in poor condition in terms of having access to health services and public services. While the neighborhoods of Imam Khomeini, Ahmedabad and Fatemiyeh have the largest hospitals and public services. As this makes the difference in access to health care services, this is one of the weaknesses in health care in Mashhad.

Iran is a country with several tourist places for the foreign tourists. This issue can attract many tourists as well as it positively can affect the economic growth and income distribution. Therefore, based on the importance of this point, the present paper tries to study the tourism relationship and income distribution based on the time series data (1976-2014) using ARDL model. The results showed that over a short time, arrival of the foreign tourists is along with the negative and significant effects on the Gini coefficient. In other words, the arrival of foreign tourists decreased the income inequality. Also, during the long term, the coefficient of foreign tourists with -0.01 coefficient decreased Gini coefficient. As a result, this index decreased the inequality during the long term. Based on the results, it is clear that tourism industry decreased the inequality in Iran whether it happens during long term or short term.

Shandiz_Torghabeh region is one of the most important tourism areas of Mashhad. So many and different tourism projects were done or are doing in the region. Therefore the environmental impacts this projects shall consider seriously to sustainable development are seen in the tourism sector in this region. For quantitative assessment of the environmental impacts of tourism project, Leopold matrix was designed with 30 activities and 50 environment factors. Then, with using of maps and qualitative and quantitative features of region natural, social and cultural, each factor with each project activity was compared and based on the impact spatial extent and magnitude was scored with the range of numbers +5 to -5. After completing the matrix, value numbers, mathematical sum and values average were calculated for determine the extent and magnitude of impacts. The tourism project impact on region environment is in range – 4.1 to -5. Also at this study, evaluation the potential of region for tourism development is discussed with using of multi-criteria evaluated approach to name of weighted linear combination method with the application of fuzzy technology and GIS. Finally the matrix result was compared with region potential map for tourism. According to the results of this study region potential for considered development is low and the probability exist that the proposed tourism project create the intense and irreparable impacts in the considered place.