POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH
Year:2017 | Volume:3 | Issue:1 (9) |Papers Count:5

The aim of the study was to compare the protective and interpersonal strengths as positive personality traits in employees with healthy (G: good health pattern, S: sparing pattern) and unhealthy (A: ambitious pattern, B: burnout pattern) job stress coping styles. Therefore, 146 employees of an industrial organization in Mashhad were selected by stratified random sampling and asked to respond to research tools. The instruments were the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths from Peterson & Seligman and Work-related Behavior and Experience Patterns Questionnaire from Schaarschmidt & Fischer. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that employees with healthy coping styles had higher means of protective and interpersonal strengths than unhealthy subjects. These findings open a new field for research on the role of personality in coping with work-related stress. Character strengths are trainable personal characteristics. Therefore, they are valuable resources to improve coping with work-related stress and to decreasing its negative effects.

Spiritual intelligence is something more than mental ability and connects an individual to beyond. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of spiritual intelligence on sleep quality and attention of skilled volleyball players. Therefore 116 (76 female, 40 male) volleyball players of Mobarakeh county in Isfahan who had participated in regional competitions were selected. Abdollazadeh’s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality, and Mari shook Test were used to measure the data. Results of path analysis showed that spiritual intelligence affects both sleep quality and attention. Moreover, the quality of sleep mediated the effect of spiritual intelligence on attention, and the results showed the appropriateness of structural equation model fit.

Spiritual resources is one of the important factors that could affect job outcomes. The purpose of this research was to design and test the effect of spiritual resources (sacred calling to the work, secure attachment to God, and collaborative religious coping) on turn-over intention and work-place well-being with the mediation of emotional exhaustion and work engagement. turnover intention and work well-being as job outcomes of spiritual resource in Khuzestan Steel Company employees. Therefore, through convenient sampling, 315 employees were selected and and asked to complete the following qustionnaires: Dik, Eldridge and Steger Calling and Vocation Scale, Beck and McDonald Attachment to God Scale, Pargament, Kennell, Hathaway, Grevengoed, Newman, and Jones Religious Problem Solving Scale, Schaufeli, Bakker, and Salanova Work Engagement Scale, Bozeman and Perrewé Turnover Intention Scale, Schaufeli, Leiter, Maslach, and Jackson Emotional Exhaustion Scale, and Zheng, Zhu, Zhao, and Zhang Workplace Well-being of Employee Scale. Statistical data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Mediator effects were tested using the bootstrap method. The results showed that the spiritual resources both directly and indirectly through emotional exhaustion and work engagement have significant effects on the work well-being of employees and turnover intention. The results also indicated that spiritual resources, despite cultural and religious differences, can increase the perception of control, the sense of meaning and calling and flexibility in the employees, thereby reducing emotional exhaustion and increasing work engagement.

The aim of this study was to compare basic psychological needs, stressful life events, and social support in addicts and non-addicts. The study was a causal-comparative research. Two hundreds residents of Khorramabad were chosen by available sampling (130 healthy and 70 addicts) and were asked to respond to Basic Psychological Need Scale La Guardia, Ryan, Couchman & Deci, Multi-facet Perceived Social Support Scale Zimet, Powell, Farley, Werkman, & Berkoff, Addiction Acceptance Scale Weed, Butcher, McKenna, & Ben-Porath, and Weekly Stress Inventory Brantley, Jones & Boudreaux. Results of analysis of variance and and discriminant analysis showed singnificant differences between men and women. The results also showed significant differences competency and friend social support in the two groups of men, and autonomy, competency and family social support in the two groups of women. Discriminant analysis revealed that stressful life events and competency predict addiction in men. and relationship and family social support predict addiction in women. Results were discussed according to different protecting factors in men and women and possible reciprocal relationships between addiction and protecting factors.

This research aimed to investigate effectiveness of the positive training on positive psychological states of female students in second and third grades of high school. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The sample consisted of forty students selected randomly in two groups (twenty students in each group). To collect data, Positive Psychological State Inventory (Rajaei, Khuy Nzhad and Nesaei) was used. The experimental group received ninety minute positive training sessions (for two months) and the control group did not receive treatment. The results of analysis of covariance showed that positive training had positive effects on positive psychological states (trust in God, optimism, self-efficacy, duty, sense of control, targeted, hope, satisfaction with life, meaningful life, pleasant, sociability, self-esteem and self-worth, sense of peace, gratitude, and forgiveness) among adolescents both in the post and follow-up tests.