AVICENNA JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY CARE
Year:2023 | Volume:31 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

2Background and Objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers and the cause of death among men. Health literacy helps the maintenance and promotion of people's health through improving self-care behaviors. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of educational intervention based on Orem's self-care theory on the health literacy of patients with prostate cancer undergoing chemotherapy in Shiraz, 2019-2020. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 134 patients with prostate cancer and under chemotherapy were randomly divided into two control and experimental groups (n=67 each). The control group received routine training, while the experimental group received educational intervention based on Orem's self-care theory. Data was collected via the Health Literacy Questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software (version 21). Results: The mean health literacy scores in the experimental and control groups were obtained at 97.14±13.02 and 98.41±14.99 before the intervention and 100.22±14.14 and 146.02±9.09 after the intervention, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups only after the intervention (P<0.05). A significant improvement was also observed in the mean health literacy score of the experimental group, compared to before the intervention (P<0.05). The results indicated a significant relationship between mean health literacy scores and education and resource access methods (P<0.05). Conclusion: The self-care education based on Orem's theory increased health literacy in patients with prostate cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Therefore, educational intervention based on Orem's self-care theory is suggested to promote health literacy in these patients.

2Background and Objective: Trauma patients admitted to the emergency department are exposed to the risk of clinical conditions and care disorders, which require careful examination and appropriate measures to prevent care disorders and risky situations. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the implementation of the rapid response nursing team on the outcome of multiple trauma patients (head trauma and open trauma) referred to the emergency department. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental intervention research was carried out by This semi-experimental interventional research by the rapid response nursing team with the presence of two team members in each shift in the Emergency Department of Taleghani Medical Education Center in Kermanshah on 280 patients referred to the emergency department by non-random allocation method in two groups (control: 140, intervention: 140). In the control group, patients were evaluated and cared for according to the routine of the emergency department. In the intervention group, the rapid response nursing team was put into action. The patients who met the inclusion criteria were accurately triaged and leveled upon arrival. Thereafter, immediately after being admitted to the emergency room, according to priority and level determination, all admitted patients were evaluated and monitored again in terms of consciousness level, vital signs, and clinical status in short rounds. Patients with a low triage level and the need for special care were subjected to continuous monitoring and necessary measures in a timely and fast manner until the final determination. The outcome and results of the measures were recorded for both groups. A researcher-made data collection form was used to collect data. In the end, the data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25). To compare the quantitative and qualitative outcomes of the two control and intervention groups, independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used, respectively. Results: There was a significant relationship between the establishment of a rapid response nursing team and the outcome of multiple trauma patients (P=0.027). More than twice as many patients in the control group as in the intervention group were transferred to the special ward (P=0.010). The triage level of patients in the intervention group increased significantly (P<0.001). The length of stay of patients in the emergency department decreased (P<0.001). In the intervention group, the success rate of code 99 increased significantly (P=0.015). Among the other study results, we can mention a reduction in mortality and code 99 and an increase in the discharge rate. Conclusion: Considering the favorable effects of the rapid response nursing team on the rate of death, cardio-respiratory arrests, and unwanted consequences, these consequences can be controlled by deploying this team in emergency centers.

2Background and Objective: Professional ethics instruction could guarantee the ethical performance of nurses and midwives. This study aimed to investigate the effect of role-modeled professional ethics instruction on the moral performance of nursing and midwifery students. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental single-group before-after study was conducted on two separate groups of nursing and midwifery students who were selected using the census method. The intervention was role-modeled professional ethics instruction in six sessions for each group (5 cases per group) in different wards. The required data were collected using the nurses' moral performance questionnaire and midwifery codes of ethics questionnaire (online version) administered before and one month after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16). Results: A total of 59 students were included in the study. There was a positive and significant correlation before and after role-modeled instruction as an intervention in terms of moral performance scores in the nursing students' group (P=0.000 r=0.554) and an insignificant positive correlation in the midwifery students' group (P=0.23 r=0.324). Furthermore, there was an insignificant poor correlation between the final scores of the ethics course and moral performance scores before and after role-modeled instruction in both groups. Male nursing students had better moral performance after the intervention, and age did not affect moral performance. Conclusion: The moral performance of nursing students increased significantly after role-modeled instruction. Further studies are recommended to investigate the effectiveness of different instructional methods on strengthening the moral performance of nursing and midwifery students.

2Background and Objective: The attitude towards the nursing profession is one of the most important topics in all areas of care provision from the time of choosing this profession to the end of the service period. The present study was conducted to determine the psychometric indicators of the Attitude Scale for the Nursing Profession (ASNP). Materials and Methods: This descriptive methodological study initially obtained permission from the original author to use the tool. The sample included 301 nurses who were selected using the convenience sampling method and working at hospitals affiliated with the Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Following that, the Attitude Scale for Nursing Profession (ASNP) developed by Ipek and Coban was translated into the Persian language according to the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) protocol. The validity assessment of the scale was carried out using a quantitative and qualitative method based on content validity (Content Validity Ratio [CVR] and Content Validity Index [CVI]) and utilizing the opinions of 11 nursing experts. Moreover, reliability was evaluated by two methods of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest, and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Data analysis was conducted using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS (version 22) and AMOS (version 23) software. Results: In the current study, the CVR score of the entire questionnaire was calculated as 0.72; however, statements 16 and 19 scored less than the acceptable level; therefore, they did not have proper validity and were removed. The CVI of all items was more than 0.79. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of ASNP was obtained at 0.96. The ICC was determined at 0.93, and the stability reliability in the two stages of the test-retest method was 0.789 (P=0.001). The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the Persian version of the scale has a 3-factor structure (characteristics of the nursing profession, preference for the nursing profession, and the general position of the nursing profession). These factors were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. (RMSEA=0.092, AGFA=0.90, and GFI=0.93). The estimation of standard factor loadings in confirmatory factor analysis showed that this scale has an acceptable fit in Iranian culture and has good construct validit. Conclusion: The results showed that the ASNP has the necessary validity and reliability after removing two items and can be used as a comprehensive and reliable tool to investigate the attitude towards the nursing profession in Iran.

2Background and Objective: Inadequate information and false sexual beliefs are common psychological factors in sexual disorders. This study aimed to determine the effect of counseling on the sexual knowledge, attitude, and performance of women with sexual dysfunction. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 women aged 18 to 30 years with sexual dysfunction. Samples were randomly assigned to two test and control groups. The required data were collected using a demographic form, the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test, and Female Sexual Function Index. The intervention was performed in 4 counseling sessions of 45-90 minutes weekly based on the rapport building, exploring, decision making, and implementing the decision (REDI) model. Data were gathered before and 4 weeks after the intervention and analyzed using Stata-13 software. The significance level was considered less than 5%. Results: After the intervention, the mean scores of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, and sexual knowledge and attitude, as well as the total score of sexual function in the test group were obtained at 47.13±1.74, 51.16±2.34, 98.30± 3.73, and 26.29±2.46, respectively. These resultsshowed a statistically significant increase compared to before the intervention and also compared to the control group (P<0.001). After the intervention, the mean scores of sexual desire, orgasm, and pain domains showed a significant difference between the two test and control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: It was found that REDI model-based counseling was effective in improving the sexual knowledge, attitude, and function of young women with sexual dysfunction. Considering the simplicity and effectiveness of this method, it is recommended to use it in sexual counseling.

2Background and Objective: One of the psychological factors that play an essential role in a person's adaptation to multiple sclerosis (MS) is the sense of coherence and self-compassion. Based on this, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on commitment and acceptance in the sense of coherence and self-compassion of women with MS. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental research was conducted based on a pre-test-post-test control group design with a follow-up. The statistical population of this research included all female patients with MS in Urmia in 2021. The sample size includes 30 subjects (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) from the statistical population who were selected by the available sampling method and were assigned to two control and experimental groups by random allocation method. For the experimental group, acceptance and commitment therapy was implemented, while the control group did not receive any training. The research instruments were the Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1993) and the Self‐Compassion Scale (Raes et al., 2011).Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 24) using descriptive statistics and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The mean scores of the sense of coherence in the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases were 42.66±3.01, 50.46±3.09, and 50.06±2.98, respectively.These values were obtained at 42.53±3.29, 43.20±2.78 and 43.40±2.55, respectively, in the control group. Moreover, the mean scores of the sense of self-compassion in the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases were 25.40±2.41, 32.86±2.85, and 33.73±2.73, respectively. These mean scores were calculated at 25.13±1.92, 25.26±198, and 24.33±1.95, respectively, in the control group. The scores of sense of coherence and self-compassion after the intervention in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The results pointed out that the treatment based on commitment and acceptance significantly improved the sense of coherence and self-compassion in the studied subjects; therefore, the use of this intervention in patients with MS is suggested.

2Background and Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship of health-promoting behaviors with demographic and pregnancy characteristics in overweight and obese pregnant women in Bijar, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 194 pregnant women who were selected from five comprehensive health centers in Bijar, Iran, in 2020, using the convenience sampling method. The data were collected via demographic and pregnancy characteristics form and Walker's health promotion lifestyle questionnaire. Following that, the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. A P-value of 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The health-promoting behaviors of pregnant women were explained under the influence of gestational age and the number of prenatal care. The results showed that obese and overweight pregnant women who had 7 to 8 prenatal cares had a higher and significant mean score of health promoting behaviors, compared to pregnant women who had 1 to 2 cares (β=5. 30,Ρ=0. 022). Moreover, pregnant women whose gestational age was more than 35 weeks obtained a higher and significant mean score of health-promoting behaviors than pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 25 weeks (β=7. 54,Ρ=0. 03). Conclusion: Using these findings, in addition to the number of pregnancy cares and age of pregnancy, it seems that there are other factors affecting health-promoting behaviors in pregnant women

2Background and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of education based on the health belief model on the COVID-19 preventive behaviors in nurses working in the Corona wards of Farshchian Sina Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, in 2022. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental two-group study was conducted based on the pretest-posttest design with a control group. Initially, the nurses were classified and 70 cases from each class were randomly assigned into two intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, an educational program including the health belief model structures was used in 45-min three instructional sessions. Finally, after a month, a final evaluation was conducted, and a posttest was administered using the initial questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (latest version) software through paired t-test, independent t-test, and ANCOVA at the significance level of 95%. Results: Based on the paired t-test results, the mean scores of the nurses' awareness (P=0.02), perceived severity (P=0.000), perceived benefits (P=0.000), perceived barriers (P=0.006), self-efficacy (P=0.008), performance guide (P=0.002), and preventive behaviors (P=0.007) showed a statistically significant difference in the interventional group before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The present educational intervention based on the health belief model has significantly improved the knowledge and preventive behavior of nurses towards COVID-19. Therefore, healthcare professionals and public health experts can use the health belief model to develop programs and interventions to help prevent health problems, encourage therapeutic behaviors, and support behavior change. It is recommended that instructional courses based on the health belief model be held for nurses working in the wards related to COVID-19 because they are at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19.