Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care
Year:2023 | Volume:31 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

2Background and Objective: Inadequate knowledge of self-care in hemodialysis patients deteriorates the condition of their disease and reduces their life expectancy. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of self-care program training on hope among hemodialysis patients referring to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj, in 2021. Materials and Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study, all patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected by the census method and then placed in two intervention and control groups. A demographic form and the Herth Hope Index were recorded in both groups before and one month after the intervention. The intervention included three face-to-face educational sessions about hemodialysis, drug treatment, fluid intake, and diet, which were provided during hemodialysis. Patients in the control group received the necessary care according to routine. The data were analyzed in SPSS16 software using paired t-test, independent t-test, and Chi-square tests. Results: The findings of the study showed that the mean hope score was 17. 86±2. 31 in the intervention group and 17. 87±1. 89 in the control group before the intervention (t=-1. 817, P=0. 710), demonstrating that both groups had poor hope levels. However, after the intervention, the mean score of hope was obtained at 20. 16±4. 43 in the intervention group and 17. 96±2. 41 in the control group, which had a statistically significant difference (t=1. 493, P<0. 001). Conclusion: Self-care training leads to increased awareness and improvement of the quality of care in patients and increases their hope. Therefore, improving the level of self-care in patients should always be a part of nursing care

2Background and Objective: Professional values can play an important role in the quality of the professional life of nurses by motivating them to deal with ethical issues and guiding the way they interact with patients and their colleagues. This study aimed to determine the role of professional values on the quality of professional life of nurses working in Ayatollah Khatami Hospital in Khatam City, Yazd, Iran, in 2021. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional research, the study population and research sample were the same. Accordingly, 103 nurses working in Ayatollah Khatami Hospital affiliated with Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, central Iran, were included in the study by census method. The data collection tools were questionnaires of demographic information, professional quality of life, and Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS (version 21). Results: The average score of professional values was 105. 91±13. 38. Among the dimensions of quality of professional life, the highest and lowest mean values were related to the burnout dimension (36. 06±5. 50) and the secondary traumatic stress dimension (21. 30±3. 46), respectively. There was an inverse and significant statistical relationship between secondary traumatic stress and professional values (r=-0. 175, P=0. 03). There was no significant relationship between the two dimensions of job burnout and compassion fatigue with professional values. The regression analysis showed that professional values can be considered a predictor of secondary traumatic stress. Conclusion: Based on the results, nurses who provided care based on professional values had a lower level of secondary traumatic stress. Therefore, nursing managers should strive to promote awareness of professional values and provide necessary working conditions to reduce secondary traumatic stress in nurses

2Background and Objective: Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) are defined as defects in the muscle and ligamentous plates that cause disorders in the anterior, medial, and posterior walls. Symptoms of these disorders can affect various aspects of a woman's life. The results of the studies show that there is a lack of knowledge regarding this process. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain the process of women 's confrontation with the symptoms of PFDs. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted between 2017 and 2020. A total of 38 participants were included using a purposive and theoretical sampling method. To answer the research question, data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews. To find out how women coped with the symptoms of PFDs, Corbin and Strauss’ (2015) grounded theory was used. The data were analyzed in four phases, namely 1-analysis of data for concepts, 2-analysis for context, 3-analysis for process, and 4-integration of categories. MAXQDA10 software was used to manage and analyze the qualitative data. Results: In the present study, the main concern of the participants was "deprivation of normal life" and the theory extracted from the data was "symptom management to normalize the situation". This theory was the result of five actions/responses that included mental exploration by observing symptoms and attempting to find reassurance, attempting to hide the illness, trying to resolve marital conflicts, adopting self-management strategies, and actively following up on treatment. Finally, there was a spectrum of consequences ranging from adjustments to the disease to partial recovery. Participants' concerns were related to the "dominance of symptoms in the dimensions of individual and interpersonal life", which included seven sub-concepts. Conclusion: The main finding of this study was the presentation of the theory of "symptom management to normalize the situation", which explained the process in which women faced the symptoms of PFDs. According to this theory, women sought strategies in various contexts in response to their worries and tried to normalize their lives through management

2Background and Objective: Heart failure is one of the most common chronic, progressive, and debilitating heart disorders, exerting a destructive effect on self-care and quality of life in these patients. The present study aimed to compare the effects of face-to-face and virtual self-care training methods on self‐care and quality of life among patients with heart failure. Materials and Methods: This three-group clinical trial study was conducted on 120 patients with heart failure admitted to Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan. The samples were selected via the available sampling method and assigned to three groups (control, virtual, and face-to-face education) using permuted block randomization. Demographic characteristics form, European Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBs), and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) were completed by self-report before the intervention. The control group received only the routine training of the clinic, while the face-to-face training group received self-care training in four one-hour group sessions, one day apart. The virtual group received the same amount of education in the form of educational clips, and two months after the intervention, the questionnaires were completed. Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: The results pointed out that before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the demographic variables, self-care, and quality of life of patients in the three groups (P> 0.05). After the intervention, no statistically significant difference was observed between the virtual and face-to-face training groups in terms of self-care and quality of life (P>0.05). Nonetheless, self-care and quality of life were improved in these two groups compared to the control group (P˂0.05). Conclusion: Both virtual and face-to-face training methods had the same effect on self-care and quality of life. Virtual training is a great alternative to face-to-face training in the absence of necessary conditions.

2Background and Objective: Performing preventive activities with active participation of patients and adhering to treatment regimen are the most important behaviors relating to diabetes that ensure the health of the patients and reduce the severity of their complications. This study  aimed to evaluate the adherence to treatment regimen in patients with type 2 diabetes referred to Sanandaj diabetes clinic, 2018, Iran. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 181 patients with diabetes were referred to the Sanandaj Diabetes Clinic in Kurdistan, Iran. Following the inclusion criteria, they were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data was collected using a demographic checklist and a standard treatment adherence questionnaire in chronic patients. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 16). The collected data was analyzed by descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential tests. Results: The level of treatment adherence to the studied units was moderate. The mean overall score and score of different dimensions of treatment adherence in patients with abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly higher than in patients with normal glycosylated hemoglobin (P<0. 001). In addition, the mean score of treatment adherence in the ability dimension was higher in insulin users than in pill users (P=0. 042). In the  commitment dimension, pill users were more than insulin users (P=0. 023). Conclusion: Considering the moderate level of treatment adherence, it seems necessary to provide solutions to improve the level of treatment adherence, especially in integrating treatment with life and enhancing the patients’ desire to participate in treatments

2Background and Objective: Missed nursing care is a global concern. Nursing managers, using leadership skills, have a prominent role in preventing missed nursing care. Ethical leadership is one of the leadership approaches. The present study aimed to describe the impact of ethical leadership perceived by nurses on missed nursing care in 2021. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, 230 nurses working in internal medicine and surgery units were selected through a stratified proportional sampling method from two hospitals affiliated with Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Questionnaires on “ethical leadership in nursing” and “missed nursing care” were the data collection tools. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed for data analysis using SPSS (version 16). Results: The mean score of missed nursing care and perceived ethical leadership was 47. 54 ± 2. 83 and 109. 08 ± 10. 75, respectively. The most missed nursing care, in the dimensions of assessment, individual needs, basic care, and planning, were "focused reassessment according to patient’s condition", "emotional support for patient/family", "supervision on feeding patient when the food is still warm", and "attending interdisciplinary care conferences", respectively. The results showed a significant inverse relationship between perceived ethical leadership and missed nursing care (P<0. 05). The regression analysis revealed that among the dimensions of ethical leadership, the ethical-oriented dimension can be considered a negative predictor of missed nursing care. Conclusion: Implementing ethical leadership is one of the practical strategies to decrease missed nursing care. The participation and performance of nursing managers in this process are critical to a successful outcome

2Background and Objective: Despite the definite positive effect of wearing masks in preventing diseases, the level of adherence has been reported to be very low in some communities. This study was conducted to determine psycho-social factors affecting the use of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic at Be'sat Hospital in Hamadan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 people referring to the Be'sat Medical Research and Training Hospital in Hamadan in 2022. The samples were selected using the availability sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that included 51 questions to assess the participants' demographic, economic, social, cultural, and spiritual status and was completed by face-to-face interview method. The data were analyzed in SPSS 26 software using Chi-square, Monte Carlo, Mann-Whitney, and Student's t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.76±11.71 years. More than half of the participants (54.7%) were men. The frequency of wearing a mask at the time of the interview was 48.4%. According to the findings, the frequency of using a mask was significantly lower in men than in women. A significant relationship was observed between wearing a mask and being single, being more educated, living in the city, and lacking a smoking history (P<0.001). Moreover, higher economic, cultural, and social status showed a significant relationship with using a mask (P<0.001). Conclusion: Economic, social, and cultural factors were identified as the influential factors in mask use; therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to preventive behaviors, social norms, and culturalization during epidemics.

2Background and Objective: Educational programs can help improve the health status of cancer patients. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess the impact of telenursing on the reduction of anxiety in prostate cancer patients after chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted using the available sampling method in 2022 on 60 people (30 people in each group) from prostate cancer patients referred to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Ilam, Iran. After random assignment, the control group received routine treatments, and the intervention group received telephone follow-up in addition to routine treatments for 12 weeks (twice in the first six weeks and once in the second six weeks). Data collection tools were Beck's demographic information and anxiety questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (paired and independent t-test and Chi-square) in SPSS software (version 20). Results: The mean anxiety scores between the intervention and control groups before the intervention were not statistically significant (P≥0. 05). However, after the implementation of the intervention, this difference became significant so that the amount of anxiety decreased in the intervention group (P≤0. 05). Conclusion: Telephone training and follow-up effectively reduce the anxiety of prostate cancer patients. This method is recommended to be performed by nurses for cancer patients