Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2023 | Volume:41 | Issue:723|Papers Count:3

Background: This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and microscopic method in comparison with PCR in the detection of Plasmodium vivax parasites in suspected malaria cases. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, out of 207 febrile patients suspected of malaria, for microscopic diagnosis, blood sample was taken from each person's finger and spread, and after staining with Giemsa dye, were examined with a 100 X optical microscope lens. Whole blood samples were collected from all suspected individuals and rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and also DNA extraction and PCR was performed. To check the validity of different methods, the diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value), ROC curve and Kappa coefficient (к) of all three methods was compared. Findings: In this study, microscopy and RDT compared to PCR have sensitivity of 96% and 94% and specificity of 100% and 98.2%, respectively. Also, the kappa coefficient in the microscopic method is 0.96 and the RDT was 0.91. Conclusion: Considering the values of sensitivity and specificity, as well as the high kappa coefficient in the microscopic method and RDT, both methods have a very good agreement with the PCR.

Background: Pleural effusion is one of the complications after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) which the use of chest tube has been proposed to prevent it. In this study, we compared the performance of Chest tube insertion in the midline and anterior axillary after CABG surgery to prevent the occurrence of pleural effusion.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 99 patients who underwent CABG in 2015-2016, and after the operation, a chest tube was inserted in one of the two methods of placement in the chest midline or in the anterior axillary line. Age, gender, pump duration, surgery duration, number of grafts, occurrence of pleural effusion and amount of drained blood were recorded from the files of these patients and compared between the two methods.Findings: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the volume of drainage from the chest tube and the duration of surgery. The frequency of pleural effusion in the Midline group was 14% and in the anterior axillary group was 14.3%, which did not significant different between the two groups based on the frequency of pleural effusion.Conclusion: Both methods of insertion of chest tube in midline and anterior axillary are two effective methods for preventing pleural effusion after CABG surgery.

Background: The role of metabolic status on cardiovascular disease, hepatic steatosis and, nutrition between metabolically obesity groups is unclear. This study aimed to compare the cardio-metabolic and hepatic indices and, among dietary intake among metabolically obesity groups.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 7464 participants in the city of Hoveyzeh classified into four groups: MHNW: Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight, MUNW: Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight, MHOO: Metabolically Healthy Overweight/obese, MUOO: Metabolically Unhealthy Overweight/obese. Cardio-metabolic and hepatic indices and, dietary intake were compared among groups.Findings: The MUOO high risk group had the highest frequency (57.36%) among the metabolic obesity groups. The values of Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Weight-Adjusted Waist Index (WWI) and, most of the cardio-metabolic indices in metabolically unhealthy groups were significantly higher but, hepatic indices in overweight-obese groups were significantly greater. The MUNW and MUOO groups had the most positive relation with Lipoprotein Combine Index (LCI) and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), respectively. The highest intake of total fat and mono-unsaturated fatty acid was in the MHNW and MHOO groups, and the highest intake of saturated fat was in MHNW group.Conclusion: MUNW group had a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases than MHOO group. The association between metabolic health and cardiovascular diseases is more important than obesity with that. Hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver risk were higher in the individuals with abnormal weights.