GEOGRAPHICAL URBAN PLANNING RESEARCH
Year:2019 | Volume:7 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:9

In the present research, the aim is investigating the sense of belonging to the city among the citizens due to their gender differences and studying the concept of the right to the city as a new approach for shaping this feeling. Investigation method of this research is Scrolling Method and measurement tool is a five-choice questionnaire based on Likert scale. In order to assess the validity of questions, factor validity has been used. Also, after the hypothesized model was approved, Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the measurement models; results showed that all factor loads above 0. 5 which represent a convergent validity. In the sustainability debate of the measurement tool, Cronbach's alpha method was used which the mentioned scale for the entire questionnaire is equal to 0. 86. Which is in the best position. By using the Cochran formula, sample size was obtained 384 people which were selected by using combination of cluster sampling and proportional classification method. In the explanation and modeling section, for analyzing the effect of the components of the right to the city on the sense of belonging among residents of Urmia, the results indicate that there is a significant and direct relationship between the independent variable factors of the right to the city with the dependent variable factors of urban belonging. The results also showed that there is a significant difference in the sense of belonging of men and women.

Introduction: Nowadays mobility and commuting in the city is an integral part of everyday life of citizens, the fear of endangering personal safety in transportation environment has become a daily experience of many people especially female citizens. Fear of crime is a complicated, intangible and multi-layered phenomenon that its existence and continuity in people’ s experiences can lead to spatial deprivation and consequently, widespread social exclusion for vulnerable groups especially women in accessing and facilities and offered opportunities by the city. Methodology: Accordingly, the present study seeks to understand the various patterns of women’ s mobility result from such patterns at the time of mobility in district 6 of Tehran. Method of this paper is quantitative and is based on random sampling of 320 people from women resident in the study area constitute the sample size. Results and discussion: The results show that 95% of respondents feel afraid when they go to the darkness that their fears are more than average in 52% of them, and among single young women it was more than other groups. most fears in mobility patterns belong to pedestrian’ s mobility compared to riding and motoring, public transportation compared to private options, independent mobility compared to all sorts of trips and going back to destination is pre-unknown.

In recent years, the municipality of Tehran has been preparing and implementing projects in the dimensions of the neighborhood and the district in order to be able to provide urban facilities easier for citizens, one of the most important of these projects is the area-based plan in the municipality of Tehran. When the plan was implemented in 2008, it was intended to establish an electronic municipality. The area-based plan is considered as the most important area of low-level management, focus and participation, which was designed to overcome the disadvantages and problems of the social and spatial development of Tehran. the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the area-based plan based on the criteria of the electronic municipality. Using viktor model, regions 6 and 15 were ranked and compared in terms of indicators. The highest ratings for District 1 and District 5 of the Municipality of Area 6 with a score of Q0. 957 and 1, 000. Using the SPLS in this study, the appropriate fitting of the measurement models was confirmed at the sample level, so it is suggested to improve all aspects alike (human resources, economics, geography, culture, etc. ), the proper management of the municipality of the area This realization requires constant, efficient and continuous interaction with the upstream institutions (district and center) and downstream (community and neighborhood management) to remove administrative, financial and administrative barriers, problems and limitations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the city of Tabriz based on the Favorable cities of the elderly (such as urban open spaces, transportation, transportation, citizenship participation, employment and communications, and information). Statistical analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) have been used in data analysis. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the characteristics of the residential area (region 1 and 10 of Tabriz) and the desirable city indicators of the elderly. However, the results of measuring the significance of the difference in mean of each of the indicators of the desired city by the level of education and income showed that there was no significant difference between any of the studied indicators. However, in the field of their daily activities, the conditions were slightly different, and the difference between the average urban outdoor indicators with the correlation coefficient of 0. 029, communication, information and activity with a significant level of 0. 044 was significant. Similarly, there is a positive and significant relationship between all the indicators of the desirable city of the elderly in the alpha level of 0. 05. The amount of communication and information impact on urban transport is equal to (0. 55), the amount of urban open space impact on Inner city transportation is equal to (0. 37) respect and the impact of civil participation on intra-urban transport is equal to (0. 11).

The first urban space is the material or physical space of the city, or, in the mental mapping studies, the perceptual space of the city. This space is the first dimension in the mental mapping studies which was brought to the attention of urban researchers from 60s. The perceptual space analysis of the urban residents is an important approach in the spatiality studies of the mental maps, which was performed in the present study among the formal inhabitants of the District 1 and informal residents of the District 4 of the City of Rasht. In this research, the sample size was 60 inhabitants of the formal settlements of District 1 and 60 residents of informal settlements of District 4 in the City of Rasht. The theoretical sampling method was used. Data collection was carried out by “ interview and observation” methods and included sketch mapping, note taking and photographing. Finally, for the data analysis, the geo-visualization of 3D Density Surfaces in the Qualitative GIS (QGIS) was used. The results of this study indicated that: in the analysis of the first-material space of the city of Rasht in the mental map of the two social classes studied, the space could meet the needs of the urban middle class and the formation of new physical, commercial, recreational, cultural spaces etc, were the requirements of the modern living conditions of this class. However, low-income residents do not have any role in the formation, persistence or degradation of these spaces.

The urban agriculture is one of the key factor to reduce air pollution in the metropolitan cities. The purpose of creating agriculture in the city is to plant and produce micro-food products with easy and minimal facilities. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to explore the potential of urban agriculture horizontally in the 5th district of Tehran municipality. The slope, the distance to water wells, land use with incompatibility with barren lands height and shading of the building, minimum and maximum temperatures criteria and a model on the basis of area Was established to determine the type of agricultural crops using Arc GIS software. The spatial analysis of the studied criteria suggests that vacant lands with the slope of 0 to 21. 9 percent and area of 168. 66 hectares, the distance to water wells with a radius of 262 meters and a minimum area of 92 square meter for agriculture in the 5th district of Tehran was appropriate. Overall, the results showed that in the east and west directions of buildings, due to the level of shading, the shade-loving plant species such as lettuce, chicory, mint, spinach and leaf cabbage were planted for spring and autumn, and in the south of buildings due to lower shading levels, it is suited for the spring and summer planting of sun-loving species plants like tomatoes, corn, cucumber, eggplant, and pepper.

The main prerequisites for planning to improve the quality of life and increase the level of sustainability in different societies are identifying the factors and elements that provide and affect the urban livability, which plays important role in the strategic planning of the state. One of the most important factors affecting all aspects of urban life, especially urban livability is economic factors such as suitable work, enough income, suitable housing, etc. Therefore, the present study is based on a descriptive-analytic approach using Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) to Identify and leveling the economic indicators that affect Tabriz Metropolis' livability, finally provide a suitable model for Tabriz Metropolis. At first, the indices needed for research were identified using content analysis method, Delphi method and interview with experts in 12 indicators, in the next step, using the ISM, the status of the indicators and their leveling was done finally, using the MICMAC technique, the types of indicators were identified in the form of four types of autonomous, dependent, linkage and driver indicators. The results of the study show that 5 indicators: security job; enough income; proper employment opportunities; appropriate employment and opportunity to earn money in the region with the effect of 12, were the most effective indicators in improving the livability of Tabriz metropolis. Therefore, exploiting a strong market economy is recommended in order to create a good job and invest in the region.

The urban landscape is the art of visual and structural integration that is perceived and monitored by the observer spatially. The subjective perceptions of residents of the urban landscape regeneration and the factors that influence these perceptions are of great importance. This perception is more sensitive to planning and designer interventions in the city’ s fabric and structure, especially in historical cities with valuable elements, history of mentality, and identity. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors affecting mental perception and residents’ perception of space and urban landscape. To explore this issue, we employed a two-step mixed approach: First, a qualitative method with Delphi technique was used specified for each sub-criteria and then 500 members in the District 12 were interviewed using a Liker-based questionnaire. The results of the exploratory factor showed that all the terms could be found in the 10 final factors, which explain more than 65. 8% of the total variance. Based on the results of this study, the perceived components of urban landscape from a resident and active perspective include visual attractiveness, ease of access, Legibility, diversity and harmony, reduction of visual disturbance, attachment, adaptability, and the variety of ultimate determinants affecting the urban landscape regeneration. Therefore, it is suggested focusing on refining the fabric of these factors using the participation of people.

In the past decade, organizations have faced major changes, such as knowledge-centeredness and the focus on new technologies, due to the advent of modern technologies, market developments and new urban managerial approacshe, which have affected and transformed the goals and processes of their work. The present study aimed to assess the educational capacity of urban management and prioritized the educational needs of Municipality managers in Zanjan. It is descriptive-explanatory method. The data gathering method was library and field based. Sample size According to the 200 people of the middle level managers of Zanjan municipality, 127 persons were randomly allocated to the variables required for developmental capacity, Additional needs and problem solving needs were measured in Zanjan municipality. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and then analyzed with the structural equation model (path analysis method) and the relationship between the variables affecting educational capacity of the managers. The results show that the educational capacity of managers with variables of capacity development needs, complementary needs and problem solving needs with a coefficient of greater than 0. 88 and t-value higher than the confidence level of 1. 96 have a significant positive relationship with the direction and the variables are also significant in each other. To be On the other hand, indicators for assessing the variables of developmental needs and complementary needs are less than the problem solving requirement, and a predictive structural representativeness such as having a strategic plan, creativity, a unit work plan, maintaining and operating a power below the standard level.