Journal of Gerontology
Year:2024 | Volume:9 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Stoma significantly influences the biological and psychosocial dimensions of individuals, creating an effective and integrated demand for self-care. The Orem Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory provides a conceptual framework for the nursing process in this regard. Therefore, this study aims to impact the care process based on the Orem Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory on individuals living with a stoma. Methodology: In this case report, the nursing process for an elderly individual with a stoma, who referred to the Bessat Healthcare Center in Hamedan in the year 1402, was presented based on the Orem Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory. Utilizing the Orem assessment form and employing examination, interview, and observation methods, data were collected. According to the universal, developmental, and health-deviation self-care needs, nursing diagnoses were determined, followed by planning and goal setting. The type of nursing system was also defined based on these diagnoses and implemented accordingly. Finally, nursing interventions focused on enhancing self-care were carried out, and progress and goals were reassessed and evaluated. findings: Based on understanding the self-care needs of the patient, 7 nursing diagnoses were determined. Ultimately, implementing the nursing process according to the Orem Nursing Self-Care Deficit Theory led to an improvement in the quality of nursing services along with an increase in the patient's self-care performance regarding issues arising from their illness. This improvement was observed in enhancing the patient's self-care ability in terms of increased self-confidence and self-esteem, reduced risk of infection, promotion of skin integrity, increased sense of independence in the patient, enhancement and maintenance of social relationships, fluid and electrolyte balance, and increased appetite. Conclusion: The Orem Nursing Self-Care Deficit Theory proved effective in identifying and comprehending the comprehensive needs of the patient, providing substantial assistance. By involving the patient in self-care, it facilitated the achievement of care goals.Therefore, it is recommended to use Orem's self-care deficiency nursing theory in order to fully identify the needs of patients.

Introduction: Parallel to the increase of the elderly population, it has become especially important to deal with problems and variables related and effective on their physical and mental health, including spirituality and religious orientation. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of Islamic spiritual therapy on the religious orientation and resilience of the elderly. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Ghaemshahr elderly care centers in 2023, 30 elderly people (15 experimental group and 15 control group) were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tool was the religious orientation questionnaire of Bahrami et al (2001) and resilience questionnaires of Connor and Dividson (2003). The intervention of Islamic spiritual therapy was performed on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis using SPSS version 25 software. P level less than 0.05 was considered significant. Findings: in the variable of religious orientation, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group in the pre-test was 70.51±8.16 and in the post-test 96.15±9.86, and in the variable of resilience, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group In the pre-test it was 47.23±5.97 and in the post-test it was 65.74±6.43. The results of the covariance analysis also showed that Islamic spiritual therapy had an effect on the resilience and religious orientation of the elderly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, Islamic spiritual therapy can be used to reduce psychological problems and increase the peace of the elderly.

Introduction: Compared to other age groups, the elderly are more at risk of suicide. The process of suicide includes thinking, planning for action and finally completing suicide. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the frequency of suicidal ideations  in the elderly. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted in Golestan province in 2022. The target population is the elderly residents of Golestan province who referred to health and treatment centers and met the criteria for inclusion in the study. A total of 419 elderly people were selected by available sampling method. The data was collected using Beck's suicidal ideation scale (1997), which had 19 questions, and was analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistics tests (Chi-Square, Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher). Results: In terms of suicidal ideations , 93.6% of the elderly are low-risk, 4.3% are considered to be of moderate risk, and 1.2% of the elderly are high-risk. Also, there was no significant difference between s suicidal ideations  and gender, income and average age of the elderly. However, there is a significant relationship between suicidal ideations , ethnicity, marital status, level of education and underlying disease. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the frequency of suicidal ideations in the dimensions of preparation for suicide and attempted suicide in the elderly of Golestan province is lower than the national average. Proper management of psychiatric, neurological and medical conditions of the elderly can probably reduce the risk of suicide in this age group. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt the necessary strategies to identify and eliminate suicide risk factors by focusing on specific groups.

Introduction: Elderly people with mobility disabilities have basic problems in executive functions and subsequent cognitive problems, and because of this, they experience more failure. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of motor skills training on the executive functions and cognitive abilities of elderly people with motor disabilities in Bojnord city. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all the elderly people of Bojnord city in 2023, 30 people (15 people of the experimental group and 15 people of the control group) were selected by the available sampling method. The data collection tool was the executive function questionnaires of Givia Petr et al. (2000) and the Nejati Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire (2012). Movement skills intervention was performed on the experimental group in 18 sessions of 45 minutes and 3 times a week, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis using SPSS version 24 software. P level less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the variable of executive functions, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group in the pre-test was 158.55±9.74 and in the post-test 189.82±11.25 and in the variable of cognitive abilities, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group In the pre-test it was 31.87±5.82 and in the post-test it was 42.15±6.93. The results of covariance analysis also showed that motor skills training had an effect on the executive functions and cognitive abilities of the elderly with motor disabilities (P<0.01). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, motor skills intervention can be used to improve the executive functions and cognitive abilities of the elderly with motor disabilities.

Introduction: Old age is one of the important periods of development in which a person struggles with various issues such as existential anxiety and death and nothingness. Also, a person's positive understanding of his aging process is important in the process of passing this course. Therefore, the present study examines the comparison of Morita therapy and brain exercise in the elderly with chronic dementia. Methods: The statistical population included all elderly people suffering from chronic pain in Ahvaz city in 1401. From among the statistical population, 45 elderly people with chronic pain from hospitals and medical centers were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental groups. A control group (15 people in each group). Weems et al.'s Existential Anxiety Test (2004) and Aging Perception Questionnaire (Barker et al., 2007) were used. Findings: Using the analysis of variance of repeated measurements and the post hoc Ben Feroni test at a significance level of 0.05, it showed that Morita's treatment method and brain exercises on existential anxiety, the perception of aging in the elderly with chronic pain. It was effective for the control group (p<0.05) and there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of Morita therapy exercises and brain exercises on research variables, and Morita therapy showed more effectiveness on the variables. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that although Morita therapy and brain exercises can be effective methods to help improve the conditions of the elderly with chronic pain, Morita therapy based on the needs of the elderly is more important.

Introduction: Statins are one of the most effective drugs in lowering blood cholesterol levels and reducing mortality due to high cholesterol levels. Several studies investigated the relationship between cholesterol and cerebral hemorrhage, but they had conflicting results. In the present study the effect of Statins effect on hemorrhagic stroke incidence was investigated among hospitalized elderly patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the information of 244 stroke patients who were admitted to Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among them, 184 patients had ischemic stroke and 60 patients had hemorrhagic stroke. Information about age, gender, age of starting statin use, dosage, and other important factors was recorded in a checklist. Data were compared using SPSS version 24, independent chi-square and t- tests. Results: Among the 60 patients who suffered from hemorrhagic stroke, 18 of them were taking atorvastatin. The effect of age of starting atorvastatin, daily dose, and duration of use on stroke incidence, stroke location, stroke type, bleeding location, and small vessel changes were measured. According to the results of the study, patients who took a higher dose of atorvastatin showed less changes in small cerebral vessels (P=0.003). On the other hand, other factors were not statistically relevant. Conclusion: Taking atorvastatin has no effect on hemorrhagic stroke incidence, however, it is suggested to be related with less changes in small cerebral vessels.

Introduction: In recent years, the distribution of the country's population has changed towards older ages, and the aging phenomenon can be seen in Iran as in other parts of the world. Considering the increasing trend of the share of the elderly in the country's total population, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of basic psychological needs on life satisfaction with regard to the mediating role of emotional empathy and resilience in elderly women. Method: The present research method was descriptive and correlation type. The statistical population of the research included all the elderly women living in the nursing home of Shiraz city in 2023. then 210 of whom were selected by available sampling. The research tools included Deci & Ryan’s basic psychological needs questionnaires of (2000), Diener's life satisfaction questionnaire (1985), Davis' emotional empathy questionnaire (1983) and Connor & Davidson’s resilience questionnaire (2003). Pearson's correlation test and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.The indirect effects were tested using the bootstrap procedure. Results: The results showed that basic psychological needs had a direct effect on life satisfaction and indirectly, through resilience and emotional empathy, on life satisfaction (p-value <0.01). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that the increase in emotional empathy and resilience among the elderly provides their basic needs and leads to an increase in life satisfaction.

Background: Happiness as a positive inner experience and one of the indicators of mental health which is the result of people’s cognitive and emotional evaluation of their lives has been of interest to many psychologists in the last decade. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effectiveness of happiness promotion model in positive mood and health of the older adults. Method: The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and an empirical research in terms of data collection method. This research was conducted as a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design and a two-month follow-up. The research statistical population comprised all the older adults aged 60 to 65 years living in Tehran (Iran) in 2023, of which 20 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups, each containing 10 subjects. The research tools included subscale of positive mood and health was the Oxford Happiness Inventory (2000), which were used by the subjects to collect information in three stages of pretest, posttest and follow-up. In order to analyze the data. In order to analyze the data, repeated variance measurement test were used. Findings: Based on the results between subjects, it can be said that in the variable of positive mood and health, the F value observed at the level of 0.01 shows a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, and the effect size for the component of positive mood and health 0.34 and 0.48 were obtained, respectively, which indicates the average effect of the happiness promotion model on positive mood and health in the older adults. Also, based on the results within the subject, it can be said that the effect of time interaction in the group was also significant; This means that time has no effect in reducing the effectiveness of this treatment method, from post-test to follow-up (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that teaching the happiness promotion model should be considered as an effective intervention in improving the health status of the older adults. In other words, considering that strengthening happiness in old age has a significant effect on improving health and positive mood, appropriate policies and plans should be made to promote happiness in older adults.