Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry
Year:2017 | Volume:4 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:8

Introduction: The relationship between cognition and emotion has always been of interest for researchers. Although each area is considered to be separate, but they interact with each other.Purpose: Therefore, this study aims to investigate the induced impact of the emotions of shame and guilt on working memory performance.Methods: This study was quasi-experimental in which pretest-posttest design has been used. The population in this study includes all the female college students at Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University in 2014-2015 academic year. Firstly, 100 students between 19-23age groups were selected by convenient sampling to complete demographic questionnaire and to do the dual paper-pencil task for the evaluation of the working memory performance. Then, a group of 96 students was matched in three groups of the emotion of shame (N=32), emotion of guilt (N=32) and neutral group (N=32) based on age and working memory performance. Afterwards, participants were asked to carry out the task of recalling emotional memories and dual paper-and-pencil task. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software, the descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance.Results: The results obtained through the use of covariance method showed that after modifying the pre-test scores, the emotions of shame and guilt significantly affected the individual`s working memory (F=4.95, p<0.01).Conclusion: Based on these Results, we can conclude that emotions affect working memory performance, and exposure to negative emotional memories (shame and guilt) interfere with working memory.

Introduction: In processing of universalization and universal making, identity will be one of the most important problems in front of developing regions and proceeding this category will unavoidable.Purpose: The purpose of this research is investigating the relationship between identity styles, responsibility, religious biases and loneliness among MA students in Islamic Azad University Semnan Branch.Methodology: The sample of this study involves 250 MA students in Islamic Azad University Semnan Branch and we have used sampling method to select the participants. The present research tool is Berzonsky’s identity styles, responsibility, Allport’s religious biases and UCLA loneliness and solidarity research method. For analyzing data by the use of multivariate regression statistic method and Pierson’s solidarity, the investigation hypotheses have been tested.Results: The results showed that dizzy/avoidance identity style could predict the students’ loneliness. Also, there is an inverse and negative relationship between their responsibility and commitments and the students’ loneliness and there is no ability to predict the students’ loneliness based on religious biases. Finally we come to this conclusion that there is no significant difference between two groups of girls and boys in terms of identity styles, responsibility, religious biases and loneliness.Conclusion: For decreasing loneliness, it is better to encourage the commitment and normative styles in people and making responsible sense in them.

Introduction: This study examined the effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation in reducing negative symptoms and improving social skills in chronic schizophrenia patients.Method: The study quasi-experimental and was with plan Pre-test and post-test. That with use from sampling available between statistical society that including all people suffering to chronic schizophrenic that were at Rehabilitation Circadian centers.30 patients were chosen at 2 groups testing and control. Interventions conducted in 12 sessions (psycho-social rehabilitation) were evaluated to help Pre-test and post-test. For data collection be used from Andreasen negative symptoms questionnaire and also Dehbozorgi social skills and research hypotheses calculated with multi-way ANOVA.Results: The results showed that psychosocial rehabilitation in reducing negative symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia were significantly effective. Psychosocial Rehabilitation of patients with chronic schizophrenia were significantly effective in improving social skills.Conclusion: According to the results, the use of non-pharmacological methods such as psychosocial rehabilitation in reducing negative symptoms and improving social skills is recommended in schizophrenic patients.

Introduction: Depression and anxiety as two kind of psychiatric disorders have high prevalens and thay effect on persons’ performance.Objective: The current research compared the counterfactual thinking of patients with depression, anxiety and healthy people.Method: Sample was consisted to 30 depressed women and 30 anxious women from different consulting centers of Isfahan in year 2015 were referred to the researchers; Also 30 healthy women without the history of psychiatric disorders or drug abuse were selected. Then test of this study was administered on the sample.Results: Results of multivariate analysis of variance showed there is significant difference between three groups in counterfactual thinking. Depressed people got more scores and healthy people got less scores. There is significant difference between groups depression and healthy in nonreferent downward counterfactual thinking scores. In depressed and anxious people was significantly more other referent upward, self referent upward, nonreferent upward counterfactual thinking scores than healthy people. But was not any significant difference between anxious and depressed people in these variable.Conclusion: Negative feeling activating counterfactual thinking up ward which may further negative feelings. Counterfactual thinking is atumaticly inhibition soon after activation but not occur in depressed and anxious people these event and countiniue vicious circle of counterfactual obsessive rumination.

Introduction: Today suicide is a major problem in the realm of mental health, and usually it has a psychological theme. Since the psychiatric patients gives so much attention in this scope, so, as a major aims of this study, studying the relation between suicide and demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis and duration of mental illness among psychiatric patients is needed.Method: As an analytic-descriptive study, among all patients who have the inclusion criteria, those who admit informed consent (152 participant), complete questionnaires and other needed information’s. Then other necessary data’s were gives from the psychiatric documentations of the patients. Alongside data’s which gives from the patients and their hospital documentations, the Beck scale for suicidal ideation was used. The 20th version of SPSS software was used to analyzing data’s and it did through these statistical analyses: Pearson’s Coloration Coefficient, independent T test, and one-way ANOVA.Finding: With regard to statistical analysis there was not any significant relationship between suicide grade and demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis and the duration of mental illness among patients.Conclusion: the distribution of the sample scores not relies on any demographic variables. It seems that cultural and social variables are important to keep in our mind. With taking account our limitations, further studies need to find exclusive and specific data’s.

Background and Purpose: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is the one of the most common clinical disorders in children and adolescents affected by various factors. The aim of this study was to determine the Relationship between Gender Difference and the History of Psychiatric Disorders in the Family with Oppositional defiant disorder among Primary School Students in Sanandaj in 2014.Method: In this cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of primary school students living in the sanandaj city in 2014. The sample size of this study were 377 students who selected by stratified random sampling method. Instruments of this study were Child Symptom Inventory questionnaire whose validity and reliability were proven. Data was analyzed by SPSS-18. Independent-samples t-test was used to analyze the differences. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Findings: Among 377 students, 62.6% (236 students) were male and 37.4% (141 students) were female. Results showed that 11.1% of samples had a history of psychiatric disorders in their parents. The mean score defiant disorder among boys and girls statistically significant difference was also statistically significant mean defiant disorder with a history of parental separation (p£0.002).Conclusion: Factors such as sexual and Psychiatric Disorders in the Family have an impact on the prevalence of ODD, so parenting tutorials about this disorder can be useful by relevant institutions.

Introduction: Worry is a prevalent phenomenon and common feature in many psychological disorders, especially anxiety disorders.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of thought-action fusion, emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thoughts in the prediction of worry Method: According to the research design (correlation), the Pearson correlation and the multiple regression methods was used. In the current study, 343 students from the Kharazmi University were selected by a convenience sampling method and then completed Thought Fusion Inventory (TFI), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale (DERS), Repetitive Negative Thoughts Questionnaire and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ).Results: The results showed that thought-action fusion, repetitive negative thoughts and emotion dysregulation have a significant and positive correlation with worry (p<0.01). Moreover, the stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the variation of worry can be explained by difficulty in emotion regulation (25%) at the first step, as well as repetitive negative thoughts and difficulty in emotion regulation (31%) at the second step. Also, the thought-action fusion excluded from this model.Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thoughts have been able to predict worry and this result can be considered a step towards a better understanding of the nature of the worry.

Introduction: Depression is one of the most prevalent psychological disorders that is used in many therapeutic approaches to reduce or eliminate its syndrome. One of these therapeutic approaches is the quality of life therapy that has been proposed to treat a variety of depressed patients and its usefulness in some researches has been confirmed.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of therapy quality of life (QOLT) to change academic resilience and self-differentiation school students of Khorramabad girl was depressed.Method: This quasi-experimental study in which the pretest - posttest control group was used. The sample consisted of 40 subjects that depression among female high school students of Khorramabad were selected and randomly assigned to experimental groups (health, quality of life QOLT) and control were handled. Intervention in the experimental group for 8 sessions of 2 hours of quality of life were QOLT treatment. During this period, the control group received no intervention. The data were collected from questionnaires differentiation of self Askvrn and Dundee (1998) and a questionnaire academic resilience Samuel (2004) in the pre-test and post-test for both test and control groups were used. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Data analysis software program (SPSS.21) was performed.Results: Covariance analysis showed significant differences between the two groups. Results showed that quality of life therapy is effective in increasing differentiation and resiliency of the school.Conclusion: According to the results, the use of non-medical methods such as quality of life therapy is recommended to improve the level of educational achievement and self-differentiation among students with depression.