JOURNAL OF IMAMIYYAH STUDIES
Year:2015 | Volume:1 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:6

There can be not found an interconnected and independent discussion of fitrah in Molla Sadra’s works, but he raised sporadically important issues in this regard. One may find several concepts in The word fitrah in Sadra’s works including: talent of perfection, talent of knowledge acquisition, human being in the divine existence and tropical spirit. Ikhwan al-safa for the first time raised the doctrine of natural theology in a philosophical source and Ibn Sina and Suhrawardi also have ideas referred to innate deism, and Molla Sadra has released a new version of innate knowledge of God theory. This version is one of the first attempts for philosophical justification of the doctrine of innate knowledge of God. Sadra has considered some trends such as perfectionism as innate in human being.

Most Shiite theologians attempt to use reason as both an instrument for attaining knowledge and a valid and independent source of inspiration and belief derived from religious texts including the Quran and Hadith. The Quran as the Divine speech is a coherent and unified set with no conflict and discord. But the Quran is composed of two kinds of verses; decisive, muhkam, and allegorical, mutashabih, verses. And the latter find their meanings with reference to the former. In this paper, the researcher describes the reasons put forward by Fazel Meqdad so that he can express a report of the need for hermeneutic studies of the the allegorical revelations concerning the presentation of Lord as having organs and orientation and a possibility for sighting God opposing Mujassimih, Karramieh and Ash' arites; meanwhile, Meqdad’s method of study has been attended to also.

Elegy has a long and rooted background in Persian literature. Virtues and elegy for holy Imams, especially Imam Hossein were common during the Safavid and Qajar era. Grief poems supported by king motivated many poets and writers for poetry. One of the active but less known poets of Qajar era is Mirza Hadi Naeini who lives in 13th century. There is no detailed information about author's life. Yousofieh, Lisanuzzakirin, Muqaddamat Sittah, Anisularifin, Risale Soleymāniyyah and …are his famous works. This research studies the features of “Yūsufiyyah”written by Mirza Hadi Naeini which includes twenty chapters, dedicated to Nizamudolah“ Sadra ”. Naeini’s prose is simple and introduction is decorated with many literary arrays. The author, in Yūsufiyyah, compares and combines the story of Prophet Yusuf and events in Karbala and at the end of each chapter uses elegies for Imam Hossein and his family. Naeini, in prose and verses sections, emphasizes on supremacy of characters in Karbala, especially Imam Hossein. Reading the Naeini’s elegies is necessary for studding the development of grief poems in Iran.

One of the beliefs and teachings of the Shiite doctrine, differentiating it from the other denominations of Islam is that of Imamate. Affiliated with and emerging simultaneous to Imamate, the problem of Imam, s knowledge has also been of importance for the Imamiyya theologians. Despite the agreement on general aspects of the problem among them, some disagreements on the marginal parameters of Imam, s knowledge resulted in the development of different approaches toward it. In this article we survey the approaches of the theologians of Baghdad and Qom theology schools and conclude that they do not have any disagreement on the problem of the sources of Imam, s knowledge.

The current research is an attempt to make the effect of divine law’s objectiveson developing and deepening Imamiyeh fiqh. As is shown, by the help of divine law’s objectivesImami jurists deduced rules resulting in the development of jurisprudence and deepening of Shariah. In developing jurisprudence, the knowledge gained from Imamiyeh has assisted discovery of rules, development of Nosoos (religious texts), preventing religious cautions and excuses. Therefore as reason, it flies in the face of practical principals and on top of that increases understanding of jurisprudence. In addition, this knowledge has been a standard for accepting or rejecting hadith and validity of religious quotations and a help for logical reasoning.

The emergence of a broad and diverse spectrum of conflicting ideas in the field of Mahdism has led the belief to be a damage and danger against the essence of Islam and society, instead of being a powerful agent for uniting Islamic sects and even other Divine religions as has been well known. The problem lies in lack of an accurate terminology of the concept with regard to social, political, cultural, ethical, spiritual and theological, as well as the literal and technical fields. Such a case has caused every reformative effort, even those for independent ideas and freedom to be misleadingly called as a case of Mahdism and its leader as the claimant of Mahdi. The study on the basis of library resources and analytical approach, has sought to respond the question of the origin and the main cause of Sayyed Mohammad Noorbakhsh’s claims. In this essay, it has been made clear that his messianic claims have been rooted in Sufism, society and family, not in theology and hadith.