Journal of Sustainable City
Year:2018 | Volume:1 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:8

With the growth of urbanization and urbanism, urban environmental problems have reached a crisis, while the issue of environmental protection is global issue. In order to achieve sustainable urban development, it is necessary to establish proper laws and regulations and correct implementation, as well as change the pattern of consumption and environmental attitudes. But it is more appropriate to institutionalize environmental culture, which has to fossilized into the souls of individuals, including ordinary people or authorities. For such purpose, current research studies the degree of feasibility of methods for institutionalizing environmental culture in Sanandaj. In general, this research is applied and descriptive-analytical methods has been used. Then 400 questionnaires were distributed among people over 15 years old (male and female). The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained through Cronbach's alpha of 0. 985, which indicates an appropriate correlation between questionnaire questions. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS software, including T test and Friedman rank test. To test the hypothesis, we used the Spherman correlation coefficient. The results showed that assessing and measuring the extent of institutionalization of environmental culture in the city of Sanandaj is medium downward. So, in order to have a sustainable city, improving the quality of urban environment is one of the top priorities and institutionalizing the urban environmental culture is a way to achieve this desirable environment.

Today, the Local Assembly Council plays an important role in the development of cities, and the formation of the council is one of the basic steps in order to regulate the participation of the people in the development of cities. Therefore, in the present study, we tried to investigate the analysis of urban neighborhoods sustainability with emphasis on community councils in the district 11(area 9) of Mashhad. This research is descriptive-analytic and data is collected through the questionnaires. The statistical population consisted of locals and sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 250 people. Systematic random sampling was used to select samples. In the data analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normal distribution of mean scores. To evaluate the performance, the parametric T test and Spearman test were used to measure the dependence. The results of the research indicate that there is a direct relation between the performance of community councils and social sustainability with a correlation coefficient of 0. 403 and a significant level of 0. 000. There is a no correlation between the performance of the community council and economic sustainability with a correlation coefficient of 0. 032 and significance level of 0. 615. There is also a lack of correlation between the performance of the community council with ecological Sustainability with a correlation coefficient of 0. 067 and a significant level of 0. 291. There is a direct correlation between performance of the community council and the cultural sustainability of the neighborhoods with a correlation coefficient of 0. 216 and a significant level of 0. 001. In sum, the results indicate the relative success of the community council in the sustainability of neighborhoods.

Failures to achieve the goals of sustainable development in urban development in recent decades have changed the approach of planners to the local level and knowledge about neighborhoods sustainability can have an effective role in planning and sustainable development orientations. This research is descriptive-analytic. The purpose of this study is to analyze the indicators of sustainable development and stability of neighborhoods located in different tissues of Mahabad city in terms of four types of old, middle, new texture and informal settlements. Five main indicators (physical, socio-cultural, economic, service and environmental) and 44 sub indicators are considered for this research. Main indicators as main variables and neighborhoods sustainability are considered as dependent variable. Pearson test and variance analysis of non-scale data in the spss and excel environment show that there is a significant correlation between the three economic, physical and service indicators. Also, path analysis in amos software shows the direct and indirect relationship between the three main variables (service, economic, and physical indicators) on the dependent variable of the neighborhoods sustainability. Then, according to the Moriss model, the studied neighborhoods are ranked. The neighborhoods in the middle and old tissues are more desirable, and the new neighborhoods and informal settlements are ranked lower.

One of the human's principal vitalities is a shelter, named "housing" and all of activities and policies of governments are in order to provide it. International experience in the housing market policies often results in the following general sections: The First is government as planner and policy in housing market, the policy of free land and allocating applying the land to the housing appliers and the third constructing loan allocation to house appliers. In deed government acts three roles as planner, house constructor and allocator overall. There are some activities have been done on housing construction in Urmia city, based on the sixth note of the 1386 budget law and government policy on housing. Yet its success and accomplishment has been overshadowed by some problems. The goal of this research is examining the existence challenges in 4 sites of Mehr housing of Urmia according to TOPSIS model. According to the model of TOPSIS, these ten indicators are arrange by importance like exclusive focus on public lands that are needed for Mehr housing, regardless of other factors, lack of suitable access and increased access costs, and social and class conflict in comparison with peripheral environment are the most important of all; and indicators of urban landscape, spatial imbalances, challenges of population and building density standards and also increasing urban service costs (urban utilities) are the least important. In this study, to determine the indicators, from statistical population that including 30 of the West Azerbaijan province elites be interviewed and after reviewing the comments, the 10 main indicators for all four of (Golman, Tarziloo, Isar and Golshahr) is obtained. Also important factor of indicators is derived from elites’ questionnaire and finally prioritization of areas in terms of existence challenges based on TOPSIS model have been done. Results indicate that Isar area has been less challenges and it has been chosen as the best area in terms of of indicators. In the second priority Tarziloo area and the third priority Golshahr area and finally is Golman area that according to obtained data among the four areas has the greatest challenge.

Urban spaces make up the most complete human settlement and contains economic, scientific, recreational, medical important center, they have cultural, historical and natural attractions. As the number of people living in urban areas increases, the urban environment is also more challenging and has many negative consequences. Therefore, paying attention to the dimensions of urban sustainability can help to create a sustainable city and interact and coordinate with the environment. The overall objective of the research is to provide a superior strategy for sustainability in the ANDISHE new town and its partial objective is the analysis of internal and external factors related to sustainability in aforementioned area. The governing model of research is applied and purposeful. documentary and field study are the method of data collection and the type of data is quantitative-qualitative (questionnaire). Data analysis was carried out by Swat model and quantitative strategic planning. The findings of the research show that the physical, service, economic, access and transportation factors have contributed to sustainability in the ANDISEH new town. the most important factors that limit sustainability are social and environmental in nature and the most important strategy for strengthening sustainability in the ANDISHEH new town is pay attention to justice in the distribution of services and facilities in such a way as to prevent the migration of citizens to the capital.

The mission of social and spatial justice in cities is the equitable allocation of urban resources and facilities. Social justice has been agreed upon as one of the four pillars of sustainable development throughout the world and can eliminate the harmful consequences that deprivation and poverty have on the environment and sustainable development. Exploring and understanding the distribution of services in the districts of Tabriz city, determining the main criteria defining the level of development of social justice and presenting incentive programs for social justice are the main goals of this research. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Also, to identify the various dimensions of social justice, the latest statistics and data (2011) were used. 16 different indicators were studied in the form of 4 components of demographic, physical, educational, health and therapeutic. Then its results are evaluated using the Gray Analysis Model (GRA). In this paper, firstly, the indexes have been reduced and the factors influencing the amount of social justice have been extracted using gray analysis. Then, the districts of Tabriz were ranked using the standard ranking method. The results show that the distribution of facilities and services in the districts of Tabriz is unequal. So that the 3rd, 5th, 6th districts are ranked 1 to 3 in terms of having all facilities and services in comparison with other districts.

today housing has become a very complex concept, and with the emergence of sustainable development concept, the importance of sustainable housing concept has been highlighted. Sustainable housing design uses a wide range of active and inactive design principles that enhances environmental and social aspects. This research is aimed at the study and analysis of sustainable urban housing indices in area 1 of 9th district. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the required information was collected by library and field method (interview). The findings show that environmental sustainability, social sustainability and economic sustainability indicators are inadequate. Small lots size and texture worn-out are the reasons for increasing in the number of residential units. . The ratio of green space to residential levels is 0. 09 and represents the very poor status of this indicator. The ratio of the total area of parks and green space to a total area is 0. 04. this indicate that the green space use is in a very unfavorable situation. Per capita of green space and parks is 1. 6, which indicates an inappropriate amount

Escalating population growth, passion for settling in cities, and unrestrained expansion of urban areas have affected most of open spaces and constructions. Uneven expansion of Tehran city threatens the gardens as well, especially in district 1 of Tehran Municipality. Therefore, it is of immense importance to identify and conserve remaining gardens. As part of urban green spaces, gardens have significant influence on efficient function of cities as human habitats. This research’ s goal is investigating effective factors in resilience of urban gardens, and also determining the significance of each factor in district1 of Tehran city. The research is conducted through descriptive-analytical method and classified as practical studies. For determining gardens’ natural-structural resilience indicators, 20 faculty members and experts in the fields of environmental planning, urban and rural planning, urbanization, green spaces, and gardening were selected. Weighing the criteria was conducted by FANP method. Preparing digital layers was implemented in Geographical Information System (GIS) and ENVI. Prepared layers were then fuzzified in IDRISI and overlaid in ARC MAP. According to the resultant map of resilience in urban gardens of district 1, gardens in region 3 are totally resilient. In the contrary, gardens in region 7 have moderate resilience and are in some parts vulnerable. In region 9, gardens are in a range of totally resilient to vulnerable.