IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Year:2017 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:10

Annexins are fundamentally related proteins that process a variety of physiologic and pathologic procedures, including suppression of infl ammation. Ten Holstein-Frisian bull calves (10 ± 1 days old) weighting 50 ± 5 kg were chosen to induce the experimental septicaemia using O111: H8 strain of E. coli. Blood samples were collected to determine the plasma annexin A1, annexin A2, TNF-α , IFN-γ , IL-8 and neutrophil count at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours aft er induction of septicemia. Signifi cant increased concentrations of serum annexin A1 and annexin A2 in circulating blood in response to experimental coliseptisemia were observed during experiment. Maximum levels of annexinA1 and A2 were recorded at 72h after challenge. A statistically signifi cant increase in blood neutrophil count occurred from beginning of septicemia untill 24h aft er onset of septicemia. Annexin A2 and Annexin A1 had no signifi cant correlation with neutrophil count. Serum cytokine concentrations reached their maximum level at 48h aft er challenge and then decreased to basal level before antibiotic therapy. Th is study showed that serum annexin concentrations, increasing during colisepticemia in calves, in association with cytokines could be a reliable marker to confi rm the occurrence of anti-infl ammatory response.

Visceral leishmaniosis is an important zoonotic disease in Iran. Th e agent, vector and reservoir are Leishmania infantum, Phlebetomous major and dogs, respectively. Th us far, no data has been reported about the prevalence of visceral leishmaniosis in human and dog in Torbat-e-Heidareah area and the present study has been performed to determine the frequency of L. infantum infection in stray dogs. One hundred blood and skin samples were collected from 2014 to 2015. Th e sera samples were examined by Indirect Immunofl uorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Th e skin samples of seropositive and seronegative in association with skin lesions were examined by PCR method. In this study, antibodies against L. infantum were de-tected in 3 (3%) sera samples of dogs and kDNA Leishmania spp. was detected in 4 (4%) of seronegative dogs by PCR. L. infantum was detected in positive samples by semi nested PCR. Based on serological and molecular results, 7% of asymptomatic stray dogs of Torbat-e-Heidareih area were infected with L. infantum and may be acted as reservoirs of visceral leishmaniosis.

Th e “ cow hygiene score” system is a management tool for assessment of cow’ s body hygiene and cleaning of the barn. In this study, the correlation between body hygiene scores and intramammary infections (IMI), California Mastitis Test (CMT) and Somatic Cell Count (SCC) were evaluated in two diff erent seasons. Hygiene scoring of 1096 dairy cows in 4 herds was performed on fi ve body areas including: udder, rear legs, fl anks and upper legs, abdomen, and tail head. Aft er doing CMT, milk samples were taken from quarters with score 2 or more for microbiological culture. SCC data were taken in two consecutive months. Th e results of this study showed no signifi cant diff erences between the median of all hygiene scores except for tail head that were signifi cantly greater in high than low rainy seasons (p < 0. 05). Th ere was no signifi cant correlation between hygiene scores and the chance of positive bacterial culture (p > 0. 05), but a statistically signifi cant relationship was found between udder hygiene score and isolation of environmental bacteria (p < 0. 05). Th ere were no statistically signifi cant diff erences between SCC or CMT and hygiene scores of all parts of the body and similarly between teat cleanliness score aft er premilking preparation and SCC in two consecutive months (p > 0. 05). Finally, it seems that udder hygiene scoring is an useful tool for predicting of intramammary infections caused by environmental bacteria.

Due to the numerous reports concerning the Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in diff erent regions of Iran, the isolation and genetic characterization of native isolates is very important. During 2013-2014, 168 samples were collected from whole blood, eye, nasal and oral swabs, and lymph nodes of sheep and goats with clinical signs in nine provinces with infected focal zones in Iran. Vero cell line and primary Lamb Kidney cells were inoculated with isolates and observed at least in 5 consecutive passages for cytopathic eff ects (CPE). Th e sheep samples from two provinces, created CPE in both kinds of cell cultures. Observation by electron microscopy and confi rmation by RT-PCR was used to confi rm PPR.

Rumen lesion can lower the performance of the animal and sometimes cause its death. Ultrasonography as a diagnostic method for the detection of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract is considered safe. In this study, three regions of rumen including the dorsal blind sac, ventral blind sac, and pillar [0. 5 × 0. 5 cm] from 10 healthy sheep rumen were sampled. Histomorphometric study of all samples were performed in the mucosal, submucosal, muscular and serosal layers. For ultrasonographic evaluation, samples from wall of rumen in 6 × 6 cm dimensions were used probe. Th e results showed that identifi cation of all layers of rumen wall is feasible in sheep by histomophometry and ultrasonography techniques. Statistical analysis of the data showed no signifi cant correlation between the parameters of the rumen wall in ultrasonography and histological study. Th e lack of correlation between ultrasonography and histological data may be due to the tissue changes which would occur during the process of preparing the tissue samples including tissue fi xation, dehydration and clearing.

Th e present study was carried out to determine the development of pancreas in ostrich embryo. For this purpose ostrich embryos obtained on 10, 13, 16, 22, 26, 30 and 36 days of prehatching and 1 day of post hatching life. Th e specimens were stained with haematoxylin eosin [H&E], Gomori and Toluidine blue, and then were explored by light microscopy. Th e Results showed the primitive pancreas near the liver and duodenum on day 13. Histological observations showed that the pancreas was consisted of undiff erentiated epithelial cells, connective tissue, non-organized ducts and blood vessels. On day 16, pancreas was composed of two dorsal and ventral lobes with the same structure of day 13. Th e zymogen granules were evident in developed acini on day 22. By aging the level of connective tissue and ducts were decreased and the acinar cells were increased. Pancreatic islets were determined on the day 1 aft er hatching.

Th e aim of this study was to investigate the eff ect of gender on the histological and histochemical structures of various anatomical regions of the interdigital sinus in the Iranian native sheep. Tissue samples from diff erent anatomical regions of each sinus were obtained from 15 female and 15 male adult Bakhtiari sheep. Th e sections stained with H&E, Periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian blue, Verhoeff ’ s, Masson’ s trichrome, and Gomori’ s method. Th e sinus was covered by skin and fi brous capsule. Th e sinus contained descending part, fl exure, ascending part, excretory duct and orifi ce. Th e sebaceous glands were simple branched acinar and the sweat glands were simple coiled tubular type. Th e secretory caps were observed in the secretorycells protruded into the lumen. Th e various histological and histochemical structures of the interdigital sinus showed no considerable diff erences among various anatomical regions of the right and left sinuses. Also, no signifi cant sex-based diff erences were found. Th e surface epithelial cells of the apocrine glands and their secretion contained both neutral and acidic glycosaminoglycans. It is concluded that the general histological and histochemical structures of the interdigital sinus in Bakhtiari sheep were similar to those of other native sheep, but there were also some differences.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible ameliorative effects of vitamin C and thiamine on lead accumulation in kidney, liver, muscle, brain and gill of experimentally lead-poisoned common carp. At the beginning of the experiment, fish (n=120) were divided into 4 groups randomly with group 1 being considered as the control group. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were exposed to lead acetate (5 mg/L, 15 days); groups 3 and 4 received vitamin C (500 mg/kg feed) and thiamine (50 mg/kg feed) during lead acetate exposure, respectively. Following this, it was observed that lead exposure caused a significant (p < 0. 05) increase in lead content in all examined tissues of fish in group 2 in comparison to control group. It was also found that thiamine supplementation slightly decreased the augmented levels of lead in the muscle, brain and gill tissues, which was not significantly different from that of the control group. Similarly, vitamin C supplementation reduced the augmented concentrations of lead in the muscle to the levels that were not significantly different from that of the control group. Based on the present results, neither thiamine nor vitamin C was effective in providing a significant reduction of tissue lead burden in groups 3 and 4 as compared to group 2. Thus, monotherapy with such vitamins cannot be proposed as a suitable therapeutic approach for the effective reduction of the tissue lead burden in common carp. However, further investigations using other dosing regimens of each vitamin or combined treatment with chelators are required to reach such a conclusion.

Neoplasms in fishes are generally less aggressive than neoplasms in mammals and are most commonly discrete and focal. Although tumors were originated from connective tissue are frequently seen in the fi shes, but dermal fi brosarcoma is rarely found in fi sh. A moribund four years old Goldfi sh (Carassius auratus), was referred veterinary hospital of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz with an exophytic non-ulcerated mass near the caudal peduncle. Microscopic examination of the mass revealed proliferated spindle cells and the interlacing, loose and eosinophilic bundles. For diff erential diagnosis, Masson’ s trichrome staining was performed and the fi bers stained blue. According to histopathological and histochemical results, tumor identifi ed as fi brosarcoma. It is the fi rst report of histopathological features of cutaneous fibrosaracomas in a Goldfi sh in Iran.

Flukes cause severe and lethal diseases in various animals comprising fi sh. Both adult and larval stages are found in fi sh. Centrocestiasis is an infection of the fi sh gills by heterophyid trematode Centrocestus formosanus. In summer 2014, 35 fi ngerling grass carp and 30 common carp weight of 6 grams were referred to the veterinary hospital of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. In the wet mount of the skin, mild infection of trichodina was observed. Wet mount of grass carp gills revealed large number of parasitic cysts between gill fi laments. Th e cysts were quite clear and contained pear-shaped parasites. In histopathological examination, fi laments of gill were thick and distorted. According to the wet mount and histopathologic results, metacercariae was chracterised to belong to heterophyidae, C. formosanus.