DANESHVAR MEDICINE
Year:2001 | Volume:8 | Issue:32|Papers Count:14

Injection of formalin into a hind paw of rats produces a biphasic localized pain. followed by a later tissue-mediated response. The biphasic nature of the response presents the opportunity for examining acute and chronic pain of common origin and, potentially, the interface between them. It is a suitable model for studying pain and inflammation caused by tissue damage.Evans Blue (E. B.) was injected into the Femoral vein. As E.B. binds to plasma proteins normally restricted to the vascular compartment; its presence in the inflamed tissue, represent an index of altered vascular permeability.The present study shows that formalin injection produces localized inflammation and edema that is also biphasic. This inflammatory response was reduced in animals whose hind paws had previously been injected with capsaicin. These results indicate the important role of unmyelinated afferent fibers in this model Overall our data support the importance of activation of unmyelinated afferent fibers in presence of first phase in Formalin test and reduction of this phase after capsaicin induced damage of these fibers.

The cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency, which is required for phenylalanine hydroxylase activity, leads to hyperphenylalaninemia. By blood phenylalanine levels elevation, loss of IQ, poor school performance, and behavior problems will occur. In GTP cyclohydrolase deficiency, very little tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis occurs and both neopterin and biopterin concentrations will be decrease. In this study blood specimens from 79 healthy volunteers and 83 patients with PKU were processed for measurement of GTP-cyclohydrolase activity and determination of pterins by chromatography. Our results showed that tetrahydrobiopterin in the some of PKU group was decreased compared to that in control [12.46±0.23, (mean±SD., mmol/L, n=83) vs. 68.23±0.74, n=79,P<0.05 J. GTP-cyclohydrolase activity in PKU group was also decreased compared to that in controls. Results of this study indicate that examination of pterins and GTP-cyclohydrolase activity are helpful and can lead to the diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia.

The purpose of this descriptive method study is epidemiologic investigating of poisoning among the children in Loghman Hakim Hospital (Tehran Centeral Poisoning). To show a health educational program to the families.The Community of this study are the five hundreds children’s which have brought to the hospital by their parents or relatives. Filling and Compeleting of this questionnaire based on the observation of researcher and her interviews with the patient’s families during 94 days of research alternatively in morning, afternoon and at the night. This method ha~ been continued till completing of the samples.After pilot study, analysis and acquaired analysis results.One questionnaire including 26 questions for measuring and Collecting the information was prepared. The results showed that the numbers of poisoning by medicine (Specially tranquatizer and antidepressive, etc) and petrolium weve too high.Detergents, plants, pesticide, opium, food poisons can be mention, in the second rank This study shows that children’s poisoning is highly related to the knowledge of parents numbers of children, home living sitution, numbers of rooms; day and age of poisoing.

Nowadays, application of animal models has been widely considered in medical sciences with huge expenditure throughout the world.In order to control of animal house hygiene housing requirements, temperature, building and ethical issues has been recommended.In a descriptive study on animal houses and animal labs in Tehran, fifteen centers were identified and surveyed. In this study seven factors including building, cooling and warming system cages, ventilation, nutrition and hygiene were evaluated.Our finding showed that 46.6 percent of animal houses in Tehran were under standard measurement and only 26.6 percent of them were in optimal situation.thus application of above mentioned standards is recommended.

This paper reports histologic and histomorphometric results concerning bone healing around 3-root form implants that were placed in the three rabbits tibias. The rabbit tibia was as a study model of poor quality bone. The implants were one Nobel-Biocare (screw type), one IMZ- Twin Plus (cylindric titanium plasma spray) and one Prialit-2 hydroxylapatite coated. The rabbits were sacrificed after 6 months. Osseous healing around the implants did not show a great deal of variability.Respectively, the Nobel-Biocare showed the greatest amount of bone apposition with the mean total cortical bone (99%), then Prialit 2 (HA coated) (95.5%) and IMZ-Twinplus (titanium plalma spray) (86%). In the cancellous region, respectively, the IMZ- Twinplus showed the greatest amount of bone apposition with the mean of (68.5%), then Prialit 2 (HA coated) (57%) and Nobel-Biocare (48%). This primary research suggests that osseous healing around implants in the poor quality bone do not differ with different titanium surface roughness and hydroxyapatite coating.

This study was done on 6394 patients, including all women who delivered after 20 weeks of gestation in all hospitals of tehran during 15 days.Prevalency and effect of demographic factor (occupation, education, age, ethicity and region) in eclampsia-preeclamsia were evaluated.The results showed that the incidence of eclampsia and preeclamsia was 0.1% and 3% an respectively.The analysis of data showed that there are some remarkable differences between preeclampsia-eclampsia with age of mothers (p=0.00).Preeclampsia and eclampsia were increased in afkans mother. Howevere, no significant correlation were seen between preeclampsia eclampsia and the other demographic factor (Region, occupation and education). The incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia was decreased in the mother with high education.

Almost in all surveys, sampling and determination of sample size is very important for accessing to statistical powerful results. On working with ordinary linear regression models; how we should survey signifincant relation between a dependent variable and some independent variables? If sample size has been calculated on relationship between dependent variable and only one indepentent variable. We cant expect this sample size be sufficient for powerful inference on other independent variables, In the first stage we should culculate sample size on relation between dependent variable and the most important independent variable, then adjusting it for others.In this paper we will present a simple method for it.

Tenascin is a novel component of extracellular matrix (ECM) which has an important role in morphologenesis, differentiation, growth of embryonic tissues and tumor formation. Mesenchymal- epitheleial interactions during embryogenesis have been shown to be important in the fetal development of many organs.Cellular and molecular basis of this interactions are unknown but tenascin distribution is important in this process. In this study the presence of tenascin in mouse embryos tissue (E12-E19) was tested by immunohistochemical method anti-tenascin antibody.The result showed that the tenascin is present in undifferentiated tissues.Spatiotemporal distribution of tenascin indicatos its regulary role during growth and development.

The purpose of this quasi-experinmental study was the effect of Holly Korans song on the patients anxiety before the heart surgery. The study was conducted in the heart surgery ward in Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran. Subjects consisted of 80 preoperative patients waiting for heart surgery. Consenting patients were randomly assigned in to two groups: control group (30 subjects) with routin cares, experinmental group (50 subjects) that had Holly Korans, song at least twice for 30 minutes in the morning of operative day. A significant differences in the anxiety rate were seen between two groups (P<0.05). The results showed the decreased of anxietxrate before heart surgery in experimental group comparing with control. Taken to gethere, it can be concluded the possible use of Holley Quran’s song in the decrease of anxiety rate before heart operation.

Hip replacement is used for inoperable femur head injuries and femur fractures where internal fixation can not be used. This operation is one of the most common orthopedic operations. Therefore, it is possible to implant and cement materials and composites optimization and also implant shape optimization.This study was designed for optimization of artificial hip joint position (placement) to decrease maximal shear stress. First, a model of femur and implant was made and then a computer program was written with the ability to change the position of implant through an acceptable range in the femur. In each of these positions, the program simulated femur and implant according to finite element method and made it ready to be analyzed with NISA software.Our findings show that a small deviation of the implant from femur bone center causes a considerable decrease in shear stress that consequently results in longer maintanance of the implant.

This descriptive - analytic study was perfomed on 324 students selected by cluster samplling. Data were collected with questionaire. The restults showed that 1;4of girls didnt have any knowledge before the menarche, 86 percent had dysmenorrhea and 31.6 precent of them were unable to do their daily activity and only 10 precent had hygienic practice.According to their believe the factors which prevented them of using hygienic orders were the lake of informational source, their modestry and the expensive hygienic instrument. Mother and open studies were the most important source of knowledge.There were significant relation to knowledge and practice of girls (p <0. 000), and also between education of mother and practice of girls (p<0.0158). the age of menarche in this study was 13.20 year.Therefore it is recommended that level of mothers information, should be increased by education through theraputic centre and relative organizations in ordere to improve the practice of girls. Also hygienic behavior issue about menstrual cycle in text book to be mooted in below the 13th years old.

This is a quasi-experimental research, carried out to evaluate the effect of the health education program in order to prevent and control of diarrhea in children under 3 years of age, referring to urban health centers in south of Tehran with their mothers. For this purpose, 90 mothers whose children had diarrhea, were selected randomly and were divided into experimental and control group.The measuring instruments were questionnaire and observational checklist. The data were collected three times before and after educational intervention program (E.P.I). The E.P.I was performed regarding to predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors and every mother was educated practically and theoretically at least two sessions in her house.Furthermore the normal defecation of children were identified and recorded separatley.In this study, the rate and duration of diarrhea in the children were followed for three months after (E.I.P). The results showed that peiforming the health educational program (HE.P) not only reduce the rate of diarrhea (P=0.01). It can also, reduce the duration of diarrhea significantly in experimental versus comparing with control group (P=0.014).According to our results. we can say that performing a (H.E.P) is an effective approach in prevention of diarrhea in children under three years of age and also educating in house by using health educational model (esp.precede model) is one of the best way in progressing the mothers hygiene behaviors related to nutrition and personal hygiene.