Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research
Year:2010 | Volume:15 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

background: Burn wounds are one of the health problems in modern societies that are associated with irreparable harms and many side problems for patients and their families. Infection due to burn wounds is the main cause of death in such patients. One of the methods to prevent infection of burn wounds is topical antibiotic ointments. This study aimed to investigate and identify effective ointments to treat burn wounds. For this purpose, the effects of two types of ointment, fundermol and 1% silver sulfadiazine cream on second degree burn wounds were compared.methods: This was a clinical trial study conducted in 2008. Using convenient and continuous sampling method, 50 patients referred to Imam Mousa Kazem Burn Injury Clinic in Isfahan, Iran with 2nd degree burn wounds in 1% to 10% surface area were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of treatment with fundermol and sulfadiazine and the dressing was changed once a day. The healing time for burn wounds in each patient was recorded in a checklist and data were analyzed by independent t-test via SPSS software.results: The healing time of burn wounds in the group treated with fundermol was shorter than that in the group treated with sulfadiazine (p<0.001).Conclusions: The present study showed that fundermol ointment accelerates burn wound healing. Therefore, fundermol can be introduced as a good replacement for current treatments of burn wounds.

Background: Family caregivers are an essential part of health care services for elderly with dementia disorders, because of providing care for such patients is a big burden for their families. This study aimed to assess the effects of family education program in reducing the burden of families of elderly with dementia.methods: This was a clinical trial, in which 50 family caregivers of the elderly patients with dementia who had referred to two referral centers for dementia in the city of Isfahan were selected with convenient sampling method and were randomized to experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in a family education program but the control group did not. Data were collected by Zarit’s caregiver burden scale completed by caregivers of both groups before, right after, and one month after family education program. Also, Mini-Mental Status Examination was conducted for elderly before the program. Finally, data were analyzed in SPSS software.results: Caregivers’ burden was gradually increased in the controls, but decreased in the experimental group during the study. The means of caregivers' burden before, right after, and one month after family education program were 42, 35.44, and 33.56 in the experimental group, respectively, while they were 43.28, 46.8 and 50.64 in the control group, respectively. Also, there was a significant difference between caregivers’ burden of the two groups immediately after intervention, but one month after intervention no significant difference was seen between the two groups.conclusions: Since conducting this program could reduce caregivers’ burden of families of elderly with dementia, developing such programs and evaluating them within research projects are recommended.

Background: During the last 3 decades, there were increasing tendency towards angioplasty because of its benefits. But, this procedure has its acute problems like bleeding and formation of hematoma in the removal place of the sheet. Based on researchers’ clinical experiences, patients need a time of 8-12 hours for bed rest after coronary angioplasty. Recognizing desirable time for bed rest after angioplasty and remove the arterial sheet forms the foundation of related researches in the world. Getting out of bed soon after angioplasty, causes more comfortable feelings, less hospitalization period, fewer side effects of prolonged bed rest and less hospitalization expenses. Regarding less time for bed rest after angioplasty, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of the time of getting out of bed after angioplasty on the complications after removing the sheet in coronary angioplasty patients.methods: This was an experimental clinical study conducted in one step and two groups. Samples were included 124 angioplasty patients (62 in each group) who were chosen randomly from the CCU of Shahid Chamran hospital of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2007. Data were gathered by observing and evaluating the patients, using a questionnaire and a checklist. After angioplasty, patients from the intervention group were taken out of bed in 4 hours and patients from the control group were taken out of bed in 8 hours. After taking out of bed, patients were examined for bleeding and formation of hematoma in the place of taking out the arterial sheet. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via SPSS software.results: Results showed no meaningful difference between the two groups after getting out of bed (p>0.05) regarding relative frequency of bleeding (p=0.50), formation of hematoma (p=0.34) and average diameter of hematoma (p=0.39).coclusion: Results of this study showed that reducing the bed rest time to 4 hours after removing the arterial sheet of size 7 do not increase bleeding and formation of hematoma in the removal place of the sheet. So, those angioplasty patients who do not have critical clinical condition and their vital symptoms are stabilized will be able to get out of bed 4 hours after removing the sheet.

background: Sexual relationship is a basis for mental health and continuity of the healthy generation. Enjoying the healthy body and mind will cause the sexual relationships to run their normal course in life. One of the problems that couples are faced within their sexual relationships is the issue of employing family planning methods. Studies have revealed that contraceptive methods are in connection with the sexual function and health in different ways. This study was aimed to determine the mean and the relation of scores of sexual satisfaction of men and women with the common contraceptive methods.methods: This was a descriptive-correlative study. Samples included 280 individuals (140 couples) to use the common contraceptive methods including withdrawal method, tubal ligation in women, oral contraceptive method, condom, vasectomy, IUD and injection contraceptive method. Tools for gathering the data were Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the questionnaire provided by Dr. Abdo on sexual satisfaction in men in 2004. The validity and reliability of these questionnaires were approved by researches conducted in worldwide and Iran. Descriptive and inferential statistic methods were applied in analyzing the data.results: The results suggested a significant statistic relation between scores of men’s sexual satisfaction and separate contraceptive methods (p=0.001) whereas this relation was not observed between the women’s scores of sexual satisfaction and the contraceptive methods.conclusions: According to the results of the present study, training family planning counselors in relation to choose suitable contraceptive method, in view of its probable effects on the couple’s sexual satisfaction, seems essential.

background: Preeclampsia is one of the commonest causes of prenatal and maternity related death in the world. Preeclampsia is caused by multiple factors and finding any factor related to this disorder can help on time prevention of this disease, which reduces the mortality of mothers and infants. Zinc deficiency is a possible risk factor for risky pregnancies and the results of studies on this subject are controversial. This study investigated the relationship between mothers’ serum zinc and risky pregnancies.methods: This was a case-control study on 48 normal pregnancies as controls and 48 preeclamptic pregnancies as case group. The women were studied in their third month of pregnancy. Simple random sampling was done based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The two groups were matched in mothers' age, pregnancy age, number of childbirth, and socioeconomic status. Data were collected by blood sampling and a questionnaire. Serum zinc level was assessed by atomic absorption spectrometry method. Data were analyzed using SPSS Software.results: The level of serum zinc in most women in both groups was under 50 mg/dl (62.5% in normal pregnancy group and 79.2% in preeclamptic group). There was no significant difference between the mean (SD) serum zinc concentration of the two groups (47.83 (12.72) for normal pregnancy and 43.66 (11.98) for preeclampsia). There was an association between serum zinc concentration and the severity of preeclampsia (p=0.04, r=-0.12). We did not find any significant relation between serum zinc level and the following variables: mothers' age (p=0.15, r=-0.11), pregnancy age (p=0.07, r=-0.24), and parity (p=0.02, r=-0.39).conclusions: The findings of this study showed that the assessment of serum zinc level does not have any clinical values for managing preeclampsia. However, based on the relationship between serum zinc concentration and the severity of preeclampsia in this study, we recommend assessment of serum zinc concentration as an index for predicting the severity of preeclampsia.

backgrounds: Tea consumption has been known mostly as a well-drink after water in the world. Tea drink can affect balance of fluids and renal function. In addition, it can cause loss of many viruses in the stomach and can increase or decrease gastrointestinal movements. This research was done to determine the effect of tea on increasing enteral feeding tolerance in ICU patients in Alzahra Hospital.methods: In this clinical trial study, 45 patients were enrolled in two groups, tea consumption group and the standard method of nutrition as control group. Tea gavage was performed two times in the morning; 100 cc tea used for the study group and the same volume of water was used for the control group. Residual volume was measured before gavage. Data collected for one week. Information sheet had two pages; the first page described how to complete the form and the method of tea gavage and the second page was for data collection. Data were analyzed by t-student test, chi-square, and analysis of variance.results: In two groups, 92% of patients tolerated liquid gavage. Their difference by chi-square test was not significant. Average urine volume after black tea gavage was 783.3 L in the study group and 802.2 L in the control group. ANOVA test showed no significant difference.conclusions: Although the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups, but in study group consumption of tea was acceptable by patients.

backgrounds: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood and its prevalence is increasing all over the world. Asthma influences on many aspects of family daily life. Health care of children with chronic asthma can have deep impact on health and welfare of the family members. Studies showed a relation between the life quality of children suffering from asthma and the anxiety level of parents. These parents are looking for ways to confront with their stress, to reduce their anxiety in encountering with their asthmatic children, and to improve their performance. This research was accomplished with the aim of determining the influence of massage therapy on anxiety level of mothers with asthmatic children.methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with two groups and a pretest and posttest design. The samples of research were 60 mothers of 5-14 year-old asthmatic children who were under treatment in medical centers of Isfahan. They were randomly divided into two groups of control and massage therapy by convenience sampling method. The data were collected by standard Spielberger questionnaire. Mothers of massage group were trained to massage head, neck, face, shoulder, hand, leg, and back of their children every night before bedtime for one month while there was no intervention for the control group during this month except the standard treatment. In both groups, the Spielberger standard questionnaire was filled by mothers. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, independent t-test, paired-t test, and chi-square test.results: The results showed no significant difference in mean anxiety level between the two groups before the intervention but there was a significant difference between them after intervention (p<0.03). Also, there was a significant difference in mean level of anxiety score of mothers before and after the intervention in massage group (p<0.001).conclusions: The anxiety level of mothers can be reduced by effective utilization of daily child massage therapy and giving an active role to the mothers in caring and treating the child. Daily massage helped mothers to have more sense of participation in caring their children and as a non-pharmacological method can be accompanied with pharmacological methods.

Background: There has always been an asking question with physicians and health staff whether delivery mode can effect on child intelligence. This study was conducted to compare the intelligence quotient (IQ) of school aged children delivered by cesarean section and vaginal delivery in Mashhad, Iran.methods: This study conducted in two stages; a cross-sectional section in which 5000 randomly selected children, who were 6-7 years old, attended at 10 Cognitive Examination Posts in Mashhad. The examination was performed by the Exceptional Education and Training Institute affiliated to Ministry of Education for all 6-7 years old children at the entry to the primary school. At the second stage, we selected two matched groups of 189 children who delivered by cesarean section or spontaneous vaginal delivery and then compared their IQ scores.results: The cesarean delivery group had significantly higher IQ test scores. Maternal and paternal educational levels were related to children’s IQ scores. After adjusting of maternal and paternal education, maternal age and parity, there was not any significant difference between IQ scores of cesarean delivery and natural vaginal delivery groups 101 (3.67) vs. v100.7 (4.28).conclusions: Based on our findings, the association between cesarean deliveries with better cognitive development in children cannot be supported.

background: Using blood and blood components is a common therapeutic procedure in hospitals. Nurses have an important role in a safe blood transfusion. Therefore, it is crucial for nurses to have sufficient knowledge of situations, amount and methods of using blood components, possible side effects and necessary cares. This study investigated nurses’ knowledge of blood transfusion.methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study on 117 nurses in medical training hospitals of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences in 2004, aiming to evaluate their knowledge of blood transfusion. Data were collected using a questionnaire including 4 sections and 29 questions. Sections included demographic data, nurses’ knowledge of blood components, nurses’ knowledge of blood components infusion techniques, and nurses’ knowledge of indication and side effects of blood components infusion. Knowledge scores were first coded and then categorized in three levels of good, average, and poor. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.results: The nurses’ knowledge of blood and blood component, techniques of blood components infusion, and its indication and side effects was average (66.7%, 65.8% and 59%, respectively).conclusions: The findings showed that the nurses’ knowledge of blood and blood component was average and insufficient. Therefore, it is recommended to activate the blood transfusion committees in hospitals to increase the quality of this common procedure and prevent side effects by in-service trainings of nurses.