INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY (IJIC)
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

NaY Zeolite was hydrothermally synthesized by seeding crystals into gel mixture without the presence of organic templates, structure-directing agent, and additives. An alternative condition for the production of NaY Zeolite was developed by modified the pH in gel formation. The effect of pH and crystallization time in yield NaY Zeolite crystal was investigated with reducing the pH value. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Fourier-Transformation Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. As results, we verify that NaY Zeolite obtained from hydrothermal condition, present a good degree of crystallinity and then can be suitable for using in adsorption and catalysis experiments.

Rice is one of the cereals that is more consumed in the human food all over the world. It is used in various forms for preparation of food, cookies, cakes, and etc. This study was applied for determination of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in 100 samples of rice purchased supermarkets Khorasan province, Iran. The calibration curves exhibited good linear correlation coefficients (0.989–0.998), excellent recoveries (97.50–99.00%), and limits of detection (LODs) between 0.36–5.20 ng g-1. The results showed that As was the most abundant of the trace elements in rice with average concentration 51.85 ng g-1. The results obtained after complete digestion of these samples and determination using graphite furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) and hydride generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (HGAAS).

The changes in mechanical, rheological and thermal properties of NR/BR blends (60/40) after aging at different period of time were investigated. The prepared rubber blends were conditioned at a temperature of 23±2oC for up to 140 h in an aging box. The TG-DTG curves demonstrated two significant factors, DTmax (differences between maximum peak temperature of BR blend aged for 140 h with maximum peak temperature of BR blends aged for 27, 51, 75, 99 and 123 h) and peak height ratio (hNR/hBR). The correlation between rheological (TS2, TC90), mechanical (strain, modulus 100% and modulus 300%), and thermal parameters (DTmax, hNR/hBR) with aging time of NR/BR blends were studied. Parameters such as TC90, modulus 100%, modulus 300% and hNR/hBR showed a correlation with time of aging. Whereas, no significant correlation between TS2, strain and DTmax were found as the time of aging increased.

Crystals of 2, 4-diamino-6-methyl-1, 3, 5-triazin-1-ium 4-cyanobenzoate are triclinic P-1 with a=7.2920, b=7.3680, c=12.8640 Å3, V=644.84 Å3 and Z=2. The IR spectrum of 2, 4-diamino-6-methyl-1, 3, 5-triazin-1-ium 4-cyanobenzoate was recorded and analyzed. The vibrational wavenumbers were computed using HF/6-31G (d), B3PW91/6-31G (d) and B3LYP/6-31G (d) basis. The data obtained from vibrational wavenumber calculations with potential energy distribution analysis are used to assign vibrational bands obtained in infrared spectroscopy of the studied molecule. Intense hydrogen-bonded network is present in the crystal structure of the complex with noticeable vibrational effects. The first hyperpolarizability and infrared intensities are reported. The calculated first hyperpolarizability is comparable with the reported values of similar derivatives and is an attractive object for future studies of nonlinear optics. The geometrical parameters of the title compound are in agreement with XRD crystal structure data. Second order perturbation theory analysis of fock matrix in NBO basis shows that the major charge transfer from triazine to benzoic acid is from the lone pair of oxygen to N-H bond participating in the hydrogen bond.

Quantum chemical calculations of energy, geometrical structure and vibration wavenumbers of 5-Chloro-7-Iodoquinolin-8-ol were carried out by Ab initio HF and DFT (B3LYP) method with 3-21G (d) and LANL2MB as the basis set. The Fourier-Transform Infrared and Fourier-Transform Raman spectra of 5-Chloro-7-Iodoquinolin-8-ol were recorded in the region 4000-400 cm-1 and 3500-100cm-1.The thermodynamic functions of the title compound have been computed. A detailed interpretation of the vibration spectra of this compound has been made on the basis of the calculated potential energy distribution (PED). The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. Natural bond order analysis of the title molecule was also carried out. Comparison of the stimulated spectra with the experimental spectra provides important information about the ability of the computational method to describe the vibration mode.

In this paper, nanoporous MCM-41 has been modified by incorporation of aluminum ion as a rapid, simple and inexpensive method for modification. The adsorbent is characterized using powder X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm data. The distribution coefficient of lanthanum ion on the nanoporous aluminosilicates has been enhanced with the increase of the aluminum in the framework of the adsorbent. Adsorption behavior of lanthanum on the Al10MCM-41 adsorbent has been studied and the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms were applied to represent the adsorption process. Langmuir isotherm fits the experimental data quite well. The effects of pH and shaking time have also been studied by batch method. The adsorption capacity is very high in the pH range of 3-8 and decreases with decreasing of the pH value. The adsorption of lanthanum onto Al10MCM-41 follows pseudo-second-order kinetics.

The Removal of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto eggshell (ES) was investigated. The sorbent is cheap, widespread and may represent an environmental problem. The main parameters (i.e., solution pH, initial concentration of metal ions, sorbent dose, shaking time and temperature) influencing the sorption process, were examined. The Freundlich and Langmuir were applied. Thermodynamic parameters viz. the change in Gibbs free energy change (DGo), enthalpy (DHo) and entropy (DSo) were also calculated. Under the optimum experimental conditions employed, the removal of ~100% of Ni (II) ions was attained. The procedure was successfully applied to remove Nickel (II) from aqueous and different natural water samples.

A new modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) based on a recently synthesized ligand, 2-carboxythiophene benzoyl hydrazone (SHBHy), as a suitable carrier for copper (II) ion was described. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian slope of 28.3 mV per decade for Cu (II) ion over a wide concentration range from 3.9 x 10-6-1.0 x 10-3 mol/L. The lower detection limit is 2.5 x 10-6 mol/L Cu (II). The electrode has a fast response time (ca.5-10 s). The proposed sensor shows a fairly good selectivity toward copper (II) ion in comparison to other common cations. The potentiometric responses are independent of the pH of the test solution in the pH range 3.8-5.8. Finally, it was satisfactorily used as an indicator electrode in complexometric titration with EDTA and determination of copper (II) in tap and well water samples.