Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care
Year:2019 | Volume:5 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Background: Breathlessness is a multifactorial problem caused by multiple pathways and thus lends itself to a range of interventions, each targeting a specific mechanism. For a start, the aging process affects respiratory function and decreases lung elasticity and respiratory muscle strength, which results in forced vital capacity reduction. Moreover, many conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, can cause breathlessness. There is no single intervention to relieve breathlessness, particularly when we are dealing with chronic refractory breathlessness. This study aimed at conducting a review of studies on non-pharmacological breathlessness management in older patients. Methods: This review study used the (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metaanalyses) PRISMA protocol to select appropriate resources. Two journal databases of CINAHL and MEDLINE were searched in this regard. The inclusion criteria were as follows: original articles available in full-text, peer-reviewed articles written in English from 2008 to 2018, articles focus on non-pharmacological interventions with samples of the older people or patients (≥ 65 years old) complaining of dyspnea or breathlessness. Results: There were five articles which met all the above criteria. They used non-pharmacological treatments of (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Simulation on acupoints) Acu-TENS, cognitive behavior therapy, inspiratory muscle training, and yoga. Most of these interventions had been applied in older patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and then patients with thoracic malignancy and lung cancer in that order. Conclusion: Based on the results, these non-pharmacological treatments show potential benefits in improving breathlessness for older patients. However, issues such as characteristic of the sample, including co-morbidities and smoking history, and the size of the sample should be considered.

Background: Healthy lifestyle is the mainstay of improving people’ s health. Also, self-care helps increase the quality of life and maintaining independence. This study aimed to determine the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure. Methods: In this predictive correlational study, a total of 200 patients with heart failure were selected by stratified proportionate to size sampling method from the patients referred to cardiac clinics of hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. The study data were collected by the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) and the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior (EHFScB) scale. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA, the Independent t-test, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression in SPSS V. 16. Results: The Mean± SD score of health-promoting lifestyle was 120. 83± 23. 13; which is lower than the median tool score of 130. more than half of the subjects (58. 5%) had an average level of self-care behavior, and their Mean± SD score was 34. 8± 9. 03. There was a positive and significant correlation between lifestyle and its dimensions with self-care behaviors (P<0. 001). Health responsibility, physical activity, and nutrition were significant in the regression model (P<0. 05) and health responsibility was the most effective one in predicting self-care behavior in patients with heart failure. Conclusion: According to the findings, health-promoting lifestyle and its dimensions have a positive and significant relationship with self-care behaviors of patients with heart failure. It is recommended that health care providers, planners, and nurses, especially those involved in community health nursing, make every effort to empower patients in assuming responsibility for their care.

Background: Pain management of children with burn is one of the most important issues in pediatric medicine. Non-pharmacological methods of pain control can play an important role in suitable patients. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of Medical directed play on the severity of pediatric pain during burn dressing change. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 82, 3-to 6-year-old children referring to a burn center in Tehran, Iran, for their first burn dressing change. The children were assigned into control (n=41) and intervention (n=41) groups by random allocation method. The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale was used to measure the severity of pain before and during the dressings. The arterial blood oxygen level and pulse rate were also measured by a pulse oximeter. In the intervention group, the children were taught about the dressing steps 15 minutes before starting the procedure using a doll. The control group received routine care. The pain intensity, pulse rate, and arterial blood oxygen were compared between the groups by the Independent t-test, Paired t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher’ s exact exact-test using in SPSS V. 20. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups between regarding the mean score of pain intensity during dressing between the groups (P=0. 041). A significant difference was also found in the mean heart rate of the groups during dressing (P<0. 001). No significant difference was seen in the arterial blood oxygen saturation between the groups. Conclusion: Medical-directed play effectively reduces pediatric procedural pain through children’ s cooperation during dressing changes. This cost-effective, non-invasive technique can be widely used for pain management in children with a burn

Background: Despite the decisive role of nurses in patient’ s education, they have limited ability to carry out this responsibility. One of the reasons for this incompetence is insufficient nursing education programs. This study aimed to compare and contrast the effects of multiple teaching methods and conventional methods on knowledge, satisfaction, and performance of bachelorette nursing students. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design. A sample of 154 nursing students from Tehran University of Medical Sciences was selected and then randomized into experimental (77) and control groups (77). The control group received conventional teaching, and the experimental group received multiple teaching methods, including scenario writing, role playing, videotaping, and analyzing, in 12 weekly sessions. The obtained data were analyzed by the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests in SPSS V. 18. Results: Multiple teaching methods did not affect nursing students’ knowledge. However, it resulted in higher student satisfaction (P=0. 001) and improved performance with regard to patient’ s education (P=0. 001). Conclusion: Multiple teaching methods may help students to educate, interact, communicate, and cooperate with patients more effectively.

Background: Patients with coronary heart diseases need knowledge about the risk factors of the disease to manage their illness. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between knowledge about coronary heart diseases risk factors and health-promoting lifestyle in adults living in Tabriz City. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 346 adults older than 18 years old that were selected by convenience sampling method from public places in Tabriz. The study data were collected by a demographic characteristics form, Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire (HDFQ) and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) and analyzed by analysis of variance, Independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis using SPSS-PC v. 22. Results: The results showed that the knowledge of 57. 51% of the participants was good. The mean± SD score of health promoting lifestyle was 136. 30± 21. 15 (in moderate level). Spiritual growth dimension (M= 26. 8) and exercise and physical activity dimension (M= 16. 54) had the highest and lowest mean scores, respectively. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between knowledge of coronary heart diseases risk factors and health promoting lifestyle (p <0. 001). There was a significant relationship between the knowledge of coronary heart disease risk factors with age, marital status, occupational status, economic status, history of diabetes and lipid profile (p <0. 05); but health promoting lifestyle was only associated with history of diabetes (p = 0. 03). Conclusion: According to the findings, performing educational interventions at different levels of prevention could increase the knowledge of these patients about the risk factors of coronary heart disease and hopefully in promoting their lifestyle.

Background: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and loss of the quality of bone microarchitecture. These changes increase the probability of bone fracture. This study aimed to determine the effect of an empowerment program based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on the self-efficacy of older adults to prevent osteoporosis. Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design. The participants were selected by convenient sampling method and randomly assigned to the intervention (n=38) and control (n=38) groups. The data collection tools were the Osteoporosis Self-efficacy Scale (OSEB) and Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS). The intervention program was performed over a consecutive 4-week group education, and a 4-week individual follow up. The study questionnaires were completed before, immediately after the last session, and one month after the completion of the study. The obtained data were analyzed by the Chisquare, Independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS V. 13. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of the mean scores of OSEB and its subscales (P<0. 05) and the OHBS (P<0. 05) after the intervention. These differences were not significant in the control group in all domains (P≥ 0. 05) except “ perceived barriers of calcium intake” (P=0. 04) and “ health motivation” (P=0. 02). Conclusion: Education based on HBM is effective in promoting self-efficacy and osteoporosis preventing behaviors. Therefore, this kind of education is suggested for older adults to prevent osteoporosis.

Background: To improve the quality of care in pediatric hospitals, health authorities and policymakers should evaluate the satisfaction of the clients. This study was conducted to determine the sources of anxiety and satisfaction of mothers whose children hospitalized for acute reasons. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population comprised the mothers of 8-12 years old children who had been hospitalized in the pediatric department of a state hospital in Turkey because of acute reasons. Of them, a total of 341 mothers were recruited by convenience sampling method. The study data were collected by the mother-child information form, Parent Anxiety Resources Scale (PARS), Evaluation Form of Problems Faced by Parents of Children With an Acute Disease (EFPEPCAD) and PdsQL health care parental satisfaction scale. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by descriptive analysis procedures and t-test in SPSS. Results: The Mean± SD age of the mothers was 32. 28± 7. 24 years. About 61. 8% of the children had previous hospital experience, and 77. 4% had been hospitalized because of the respiratory tract diseases. The Mean± SD score of the mothers from the PARS, EFPFPCAD, and PdsQL was 142. 3± 45. 10, 34. 17± 7. 65, and 58. 60± 28. 87, respectively. It was also determined that the PARS and EFPFPCAD scores of the working mothers and those whose children were previously hospitalized were significantly higher (P<0. 05). Conclusion: It was concluded that mothers had experienced a high level of intense anxiety and moderate satisfaction. To reduce the anxiety of the mothers and to identify the problems they face, the health care team should hold pre-admission programs, inform the parents about their children’ s disease, and make them aware of the hospital environment. By taking these measures, the satisfaction levels of the parents may increase.

nurses, as the largest group of the healthcare system, have an important role in the promotion of care. This is because they spend much time with patients and families. . .