JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY LETTERSIS
Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:2 (27)|Papers Count:8

Oilfield service companies are the technological leaders of the global oil and gas industry. Successful Oilfield service companies are currently competing with supermajors in numerous aspects such as monetization, market share, technological advancement, offering specialized knowledge, conducting mega projects and having advanced technological capabilities. International oil companies have been in the oil game since day one and were considered as the main player in the oil and gas industry, but depending on the evidences gathered in this study, oilfield service companies with less experience, are winning the technological race over the other players. In this article, we try rooting this technological takeover and also discuss the international oil companies’ road to success. Oilfield service companies have gained a better position since the outsourcing wave in the 90s and afterward tried to achieve and maintain the pillars of powers in the oil and gas industry in order to survive and meet their customers’ demands. Now, most of the players’ project fulfillment and success are partially/fully dependent on the Oilfield service companies’ performance as they are the main supplier in the oil and gas industry.

Intellectual property system (IPS) can be defined as the set of institutions and rules involved in the design, implementation, and enforcement of intellectual property in a national economy. Intellectual property system as a main subsystem of the national innovation system potentially is a powerful tool for innovation policies in every country with different developmental level. However, due to differences in the nature and function of the national innovation system in developing countries vs. developed countries, intellectual property system must be proportionate to the developmental level and innovation capacities in these countries. In this paper, after reviewing the history of the evolution of intellectual property system in Iran and describing its main components, SWOT method has been used to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the current intellectual property system. Finally, policy suggestions for further conformity between the intellectual property system and the national innovation system in Iran are presented and discussed in detail.

Today’ s organizations need innovation and teamwork for survival and one of the pre-requisites for innovation is the attention to social capital and human resources in the organization. Therefore, the present study investigates the impact of structural, cognitive and communication social capital on team innovation through knowledge sharing, in Tuka Steel holding company. This research belongs to descriptive-correlational researches and conducted by survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of 400 employees of Tuka Steel holding company in Isfahan. The sample was 196 people based on Morgan’ s table. This sample was selected through simple random sampling method. 192 respondents completed the questionnaire. Validity of questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’ s alpha of 0. 769. Based on the results obtained by analyzing the data by structural equation modeling, it was determined that the dimensions of social capital, both indirectly and indirectly, through knowledge sharing, had a positive and significant impact on the innovation of the employees.

The present era is full of forces that influence on the different forms of living and cause increasingly chaos, ambigiuity, discontinuity, changeableness, and uncertainty in the understanding of phenomena and representing solutions for living’ s main problems. The scientific and technological knowledge have been reached to the highest level ever before; so that increasingly speed progress in the new technologies liberated the human from exhausting physical labor, and maked his life easier and richer; but instead of rest and comfortableness living, it introduce a grave restlessness and psychological pressure into his life and make him a slave to this technology. Further, relevant problems to the development, economic corruption, environment destruction, using mass destruction weapons, political conflicts in national and international levels, injustice, extremism, democratization, governance, and other individual, organizational, social, and global problems needs something more than existing knowledge in the world. Wisdom, beyond scientific and technological knowledge, is a concept that is able to create balance between instrumental rationality and value rationality, to pay attention to the values and ethics, to resolve living problems, to serve the common good, and to provide a better living for human. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to represent the concept of “ Wise University” and to explain the crucial role and mission of the new generation of universities, higher education institutions, and other scientific, educational, and research institutions in the resolving of individual and social problems of human living.

The emergence and development of qualitative methodology over the past few years in the social and human sciences community of Iran has been the subject of controversy in theory and practice in a number of ways. The increasing attention to and increasing the use of quality methods in the academic community of the country not only requires familiarization with this methodology and how it is designed and implemented, but also requires familiarization with the analytical procedures of these methods and their use. But these standard procedures are rarely introduced as an applied article. The purpose of this paper is to introduce standard procedures for analyzing qualitative data and related techniques in a brief and practical way. So, with the help of library resources research methodology, 11 comprehensive methods of this field have been examined. These include: Ethnographic Thematic Analysis, Grounded Theory, Narrative Analysis, Phenomenological Analysis, Qualitative Content Analysis, Conversation Analysis, Semiotic Analysis, Thick Description, Situational Analysis, Discourse Analysis, Observational Data Analyze. In the final section of the paper, a brief practical summary of the coding method in qualitative methods is presented.

Nowadays, technology and innovation organizations can improve their managerial relationships; improve their efficiency and efficiency by exploring and exploiting new opportunities using open innovation strategy and capacity building. The statistical population of this research is the Iranian technology and innovation companies that participated in the Inotex exhibition in June 2012 in Tehran. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between managerial relationships on open innovation, managerial relationships on absorption capacity and absorption capacity on open innovation, in other words, the existence of managerial relationships, open innovation and absorption capacity, and absorption capacity, open innovation in Enhancing technology and innovation companies. In this situation, companies effectively discover innovative knowledge and ideas and provide access to a range of new ideas and resources that enable them to evaluate, integrate, exploit and rebuild these ideas. And identifies the critical role of absorption capacity in promoting open innovation activities for the commercialization of knowledge and resources of the company.

Rather than introducing radical new “ grand theory” paradigms, most theory contributions in strategic management extend, clarify, or apply received theories in new and interesting ways. Here we offer a guide on how to make these kinds of contributions to theory. Theory usually begins with a research question, which can come from the phenomenon of interest, variations/limitations of existing theory, or intellectual creativity. Along with the question, there are a number of more craftsmanship-level aspects of a theory where contributions can be made: the mode of theorizing, the level of analysis, an understanding of the underlying phenomenon, causal mechanisms, constructs and variables, and boundary conditions. These aspects of the theory lead to a set of outcomes in the form of explanations, predictions, or prescriptions. The articles in this special issue are interpreted through our framework as illustrations of this approach to making theory contributions.

Higher education globally is booming with 150 million students worldwide, projected to rise to over 260 million by 2025. 2. 5 million are internationally mobile, a figure expected to rise to seven million by 2020 and expenditure is already some $1. 8 trillion, and growing at roughly 8 per cent each year. Despite a vast increase in scale over the course of a generation the basic model of university education has not changed much since the second world war, and continue to centre around three or four year courses, lectures in lecture halls, reading lists, exams, dissertations and PhDs. Although universities are packed full of technologies, the many online tools for learning, from open universities and MOOCs to tools for adapting learning, remain on the margins of the system rather than at the centre. This paper focuses on one important strand of change: the rise of what we call ‘ challenge-driven’ university models. These models develop students by putting them up against difficult problems and challenges for which there are no established answers. Instead students to draw on many disciplines to solve them; they have to work in teams; and they have to collaborate with organisations outside higher education.