Journal of Socio-Cultural Studies of Khorasan
Year:2020 | Volume:15 | Issue:1|Papers Count:6

Today, it is important to know the rural housing architecture, because their architectural spatial patterns are formed in interaction with the climate and environment and are closely related to the cultural, social and economic characteristics of their inhabitants. This study intends to study the housing of Kang village located in Mashhad, as a complex mixed with nature, because the differences in the sub-climates of this region have led to the emergence of different types of housing that have a structure They are also valuable in energy optimization architecture. The study method of this article is qualitative and the information is obtained based on theories derived from data, case and documentary study, interview and observation. In this regard, this article considers various factors such as climate, materials and construction techniques, etc., Examines what gave rise to this type of architecture. The results show that there are five different species in the texture of houses due to the cold climate of the region, which results from the effect of architectural patterns compatible with environmental climatic criteria, and one of the most important factors affecting the housing pattern is the yard space. It appears 5 different structural patterns (indoor yard, Independent yard (semi-open), roof yard (staircase), common yard, no yard). Also, from the structural similarity of the houses and the performance of the architectural elements used in them, it can be concluded that the fixed principles of thermal systems have been very effective in providing thermal comfort by using natural and solar energy.

Iranian historiography is of special importance in the first period of Ghaznavid rule (351-431 AH). Because great historians emerged in this era. Historians who changed historiography and historiographical trends. Until now, Iranian and Islamic historiography has been dominated by Muhaddithan, but during the fourth and fifth centuries, with the emergence of writers and scribes in the role of historians, history was introduced as an independent science. Most of these historians, such as Tha'libi, Beyhaqi and Gardizi, were from Khorasan or like Utbi in Khorasan, they had gone through the stages of growth and learning science. Therefore, the presence in Khorasan as the scientific-cultural center of their time had a fundamental role in the formation of a new method of historiography. For this reason, Ghaznavid historiography in the present article is considered as Khorasani's style historiography. In this research, the historiographical works of Ghaznavid era will be studied descriptively-analytically. This article tries to examine the characteristics of historiography of Khorasanian historians who have left the greatest impact on the course of historiography in this era. During this study, three salient features can be found in Ghaznavid historiography: First, the growth of cultural and social attitudes in historiography, Second, the emergence of historical explanations and the rationalization of historiography; and third, increasing the critical view of historical sources, individuals, and political practices in the view of historians of the period.

The existence of social capital preserve health. People who live in a network of support, public trust, information, and norms have resources that have a positive effect on their health. In this regard, the purpose of this study was the role of social capital in predicting social health, which used Fukuyama (social capital) and Keys (social health) views as a theoretical basis. The approach of this research has been quantitative (survey-descriptive-correlation). The statistical population and sample size of all employees of post offices in South Khorasan was; that all employees have been selected for the sample size. The data collection tools were standardized questionnaires of social capital of Nahapit and Pushal (1998) and Keys social health (1998). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for social capital and social health is 0. 952 and 0. 646, respectively. All analyzes were performed using SPSS software version 22 and AMOS software 24. Findings of descriptive statistics indicate that the average of social health (54. 2%) and average social capital (50. 8%) were obtained from the respondents. Based on the hypotheses, there has been a positive and significant relationship between social capital and its dimensions (structural, cognitive and communication) to achieve and strengthen social health (p <0. 01). Based on the beta results of the regression model, the components (values, cooperation, relationships, networks, trust and commitment) are best explained by the criterion variable, respectively; and the value of correlation coefficient (R) of social capital was 0. 447 which indicates the variable components of the relationship of not so strong correlation with social health. Finally, nearly 20% of the total changes in social health have been affected by the predictive role of social capital and its organizational components.

The issue of rural governance has recently assumed major prominence by researchers and development policymakers. The use of “ rural governance” concept in the field of studies and actions in rural areas has always been accompanied by emphasis on some characteristics and principles, including the establishment of link and cooperation between different sectors affecting sustainable development, cooperation between administrative and political territories, increasing attention to sustainable participation of villagers, drawing goals and perspectives for participation, focusing on local and competitive advantages, capacity building and improving villagers' capabilities, etc. Due to some reasons such as the lack of participation of local residents in public affairs, partial and top-down policies, plurality of managements, task parallelism in organizations, etc, the role of governance at the village level has weakened and faded away. The methods covered in this survey-, documentarybased research are descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative with a developmentalapplied nature. This study aimed at determining the current status of the good rural governance in Birjand County, and ranking the villages accordingly. The population of this study was consisting of all villages having rural municipality in Birjand County and all rural households in these villages. The sample of 41 villages and 206 households were selected based on Cochran’ s sample size formula. To examine the good rural governance in Birjand rural districts, a sample T-test was used. In addition, to rank the villages based on the good rural governance level and sustainable rural development, Topsis multi-criteria decision making approach and cluster analysis were used. The results of the study indicated that the intended area had no good condition in terms of good rural governance and sustainable rural development, and different rural districts of Birjand County were not in the same level in terms of good rural governance and sustainable rural development, hence had different rankings.

Experts in different areas of social issues try to describe, explain and prioritize the most important cultural issues and issues and prioritize them based on their prioritization and treatment. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate and prioritize the most important issues and damages of culture in the public sphere (citizenship and social ethics) in Sabzevar. In addition, the causes and consequences of these issues have been prioritized from the point of view of cultural officials and the people themselves, and solutions have been provided to address them. For this purpose, three samples, including administrators and practitioners of cultural affairs, were studied by semi-structured interview, questionnaire and experts by questionnaire. Research Method This research was a combination of qualitative, quantitative and ANP methods. The results show that for the authorities and cultural influencers of unemployment, inappropriate driving culture and addiction are the three most important priorities of cultural threats (citizenship and social ethics) in Sabzevar, respectively. From the people's point of view, disregard for public rights by motorcyclists, drug addiction and street fighting are the most important problems. The common point of this view is that addiction is currently one of the three major problems in Sabzevar. Finally, by comparing pairs of problems in the ANP model with unemployment, addiction, weaknesses in group and collective culture, expansion of illicit relationships and weaknesses in citizenship culture awareness and observance are the most important cultural issues in Sabzevar. The most important factor affecting unemployment as a top priority is the lack of culturally appropriate programs with an impact factor of 0/089.

Arabic dialect of Darmian, in south Khorasan, for centuries has survived like an island among Persian dialects of this district and has accepted among Persian languages properties for its proximity to it. One of the most important effects which this area's Arabic dialect has accepted from Persian is to enter compound verb in Arabic verbal system. In this article that has done in analytical-descriptive method, field data are collected by interviewing with the speakers and then the structure of compound verb in Darmian's Arabic dialect is studied. After reviewing data it is proven that there are some verbs in Arabic dialect which have the same structure with Persian compound verbs That's mean it has made by a hamyar (with the vocabulary category of noun or adjective) or a hamkard (with the vocabulary of verb) like persian language. The hamyars are Arabic or persian in compound verbs or Arabic translation of Persian nouns and adjectives. All hamkards of Arabic compound verbs are the translation of Persian hamkard (like kardan, zadan, 'â vardan, 'â madan, kaš idan, etc. ). The compound verbs are made in Darmian Arabic dialect by hamkard are divided into two groups: The compound verbs which their comprehensive structure are used too and the compound verbs which only are used in Persian with hamkard. But all the compound verbs that are used in Persian with hamkard, are not used in Arabic dialect with the same way; but also in some cases in Darmian Arabic dialect. The comprehensive verb are used against Persian compound verb.