Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain
Year:2019 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Aims and background: Selective attention to pain-related stimuli, known as pain attentional bias (AB) can exacerbate pain, disability and undermine quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine effectiveness of mindfulness oriented recovery enhancement approach on attentional bias related to pain and disability among Chronic Pain Patients. Materials and methods: The present study was an sub-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The study statistical population included all the patients with chronic pain referred to the professional clinic of pain of Ahwaz who overall, 30 patients were selected through recall and in a voluntary method based on pain specialist diagnosis and randomly allocated into two experimental and control groups The instrumentals of this study were Pictorial Dot_Prob Task and Modified version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (M-RMDQ)who participants completed in pre-test and post-test. Descriptive statistical methods and covariance analysis were used for analysis of the data. Findings: The results showed that training Mindfulness Oriented Recovery Enhancement Approach was effective in reducing attentional bias to pain-related stimuli and disability in patients The results showed that training Mindfulness Oriented Recovery Enhancement Approach was effective in reducing attentional bias to pain-related stimuli and disability in patients. Conclusion: Performing psychological treatments can help psychologists, psychiatrists and all public health professionals to better control and treat chronic pain.

Aims and background: Trigger points are sensitive points in the skeletal muscle and neck muscles that cause referral pain, decrease the range of motion and muscle soreness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the Positional Release Technique with and without strain-counter strain technique on the pain, neck range of motion in men with active trigger points in upper trapezius muscle. Materials and methods: The target community included the employees of the Mellat bank of Tehran city, which had trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle, ageing from 30 to 60 years old. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received a Positional Release Technique with strain-counter strain technique and the second group received only a Positional Release Technique. Each group received five treatment sessions. Pain was assessed on the basis of Visual analogue scale (VAS) and neck range of motion by goniometer before and 48 hours after treatment. The statistical methods used included two way ANOVA. Findings: There was a significant difference in pain severity and neck range of motion after intervention in both groups (P <0. 005). Compared to the two groups after the treatment, there was a significant difference in the severity of pain as well as the neck range of motion (P <0. 005), in the other words More improvements were achieved in Positional Release Technique with strain-counter strain technique group. Conclusion: Positional Release Technique in two situations with and without strain-counter strain technique is effective in reducing pain and improving the neck motion in people with trigger points of upper trapezius muscle. A Positional Release Technique combined with strain-counter strain technique was more effective in reducing pain and increasing the neck range of motion compared with the Positional Release Technique group.

Aims and background: The difficulty of ventilation with masks is one of the most common causes of severe respiratory consequences in the field of anesthesia. Objective: To evaluate the effect of patient position, voice production and neck rejection on the Mallamapati grade, in order to predict the difficulty of ventilation with mask in patients. Materials and Methods: This research was of a prospective nature. The statistical population of this study was all candidates for surgery in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Sample size: A total of 500 surgical candidates aged 16-65 years old who referred to Faghihi hospital in Shiraz were enrolled in the study. The agreement between the results of the Mallamapati test in different situations was evaluated by using the agreement Kappa test. Findings: False positives and false negative are less than the rest of the states in sitting position with retractable neck back in the prediction of mask ventilation. The precision is more than other conditions in sitting position with swaying without lifting the neck in the prediction of ventilation with a mask. Seat sensitivity is considered to be greater than other conditions in the absence of backing the neck in the prediction of ventilation with a mask. Therefore, the position of sitting with swaying without lifting the neck was the best position to predict the ventilation with the mask. Conclusion: Mallampati in sitting position with pulling without retracting the neck has the highest value in predicting the difficulty of ventilation with the mask.

Aims and background: The pain experience in people with chronic pain can effect on psychological and social aspects, also influenced. The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Feeling Hope and pain management of Women with Chronic pain. Materials and methods: The present research was of applied research type. The research method was semiempirical with a pretest-posttest with control group design. Populations were all women with chronic pain were referred to Gilan pain clinic and were selected through voluntary sampling method. Sample numbers were 20 Woman that gained lowest scores on Feeling Hope And pain management randomly assigned to control and experiment groups (each group included 10 Woman). The experiment group exposed to 8 instruction sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. But the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics method and Ancova in SPSS v. 20. Findings: The multivariate covariance analysis results for Feeling Hope (F=1. 14) and pain management (F=1. 11) suggested that there was a significant difference between the Women of experiment and control groups (P< 0. 01). According to the posttest scores of the experiment control groups for these two variables, it was recognized that the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has led to increase in Feeling Hope and pain management among the Women of the experiment group in comparison to the control group in the posttest stage. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that participating in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy meeting can affect promotion of Feeling Hope and pain management of Women with Chronic pain. Therefore it is possible to raise the level of Acceptance and Commitment by increasing the Feeling Hope and Upgrade pain management.

Aims and background: Back pain is one of the most common health problems. Dysfunctions and inability due to pain, make serious troubles for patient, the family and the society. If the treatments have not been effective, the damages would increase. The main goal of this study was to investigate effects of psychological factors on feedback to pain and its treatment in patients with chronic back pain. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, 120 patients participated with chronic back pain who underwent the surgery. According to the criteria of the study, the participants has been referred from private specialized clinic in Dezful, . The Illness Attitude (IA) Scale, Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO PI-R), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-DV), and Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) applied for assessing the variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software by multiple regression analysis. Findings: Multiple regression coefficients showed that fear of death 11%, and Kinesiophobia 15% predict the response to pain and its treatment. Also, extroversion predicts 11%, openness 3%, and agreement ability 3% of response to treatment. Conclusions: Findings of the research showed that the feedback to treatment (such as frequency to refer different practitioners) and pain would increas when the patient with chronic pain tends to accept, and the treatments are less effective when the patient experiences avoidable behaviors.

Despite surgical, medical, technological, and anesthetic improvements, Patients are faced with various consequences and complications after spine surgery. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs is a multimodal, multidisciplinary perioperative care approach that seeks to improve the quality of surgery, reduce complications, reduce the length of stay, and ultimately reduce costs. This program Includes evidence-based guidelines from pre-admission to discharge and recovery time. Due to the complex nature of spine surgery, we demand to design and implementation ERAS in Iran. The success and quality of the implementation of this program depends on strong management, organizational culture, data infrastructure, information systems, and the use of a quality improvement approach with an acceptable design.

Aims and background: People with low back pain represent impaired anticipatory postural adjustments. The aim of this study was to investigate The effects of sensorimotor training on proprioception and anticipatory postural adjustment of the some trunk muscle of subject with non-specific chronic low back pain. Materials and methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and control group. Twenty-four subjects with non-specific chronic low back painwere randomly assigned in two control (n=12, mean age=44. 83± 1. 52, mean Height=173. 00± 2. 95, mean weight=77. 50± 3. 55)and Experimental group (n=12, mean age=46. 25± 1. 91, mean Height=172. 66± 3. 93, mean weight=75. 50± 4. 12). The experimental group received sensorimotor training for eight weeks, Three times per week, for 45 minutes each session, in order to assess the proprioception, goniometer was used and change in Anticipatory postural adjustment, transverse abdominal / Internal oblique, external oblique and erector spinae muscles onset time relative to the shoulder flexion task was measured using surface electromyography. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA (α = 0. 05). Conclusion: The results revealed significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group in the proprioception and anticipatory postural adjustment of transverse abdominal / Internal oblique (p = 0. 001), external oblique (p = 0. 001) and Erector spinae (p = 0. 001) but there was not observed such significant differences in control group. Conclusion: Sensorimotor training makes patients capable of learning how to adjust muscles, thereby improving muscle performance. So sensorimotor training seems to be an effective intervention in the rehabilitation program for low back pain patients.

Aims and background: Patients with non-specific low back pain experience disorder in back motor control and trunk muscle endurance and these disorders are associated with pain in these patients. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of motor control exercises, exercise in water, and combined exercises on back motor control and trunk muscle resistance in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain. Materials and methods: TIn this study, patients with mechanical low back pain were selected using Oswestry Questionnaire. They were randomly assigned into four groups of motor control exercises (n=12), exercise in water (n=12), combined exercises (n=11), and control group (n=13). All three exercise groups performed 8 weeks of determined exercise and control group did not perform exercise. To assess back motor control and trunk muscle endurance of patients, Lumajoki motor control test and McGill test were used, respectively. ANOVA test was used (α ≤ 0. 05) for intra-group and inter-group comparison of pre-test and post-test variables, paired t-test and variables. Findings: The results of the research showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test of exercise groups compared with the control group in the variables of back motor control, and trunk muscle resistance. However, significant difference was not found among the three groups. Conclusion: As a result, exercise in water, motor control exercises, and combined exercises had impact on increasing back motor control and trunk muscle resistance of patients with non-specific low back pain, and all three exercise methods were effective on the treatment of non-specific chronic low back pain.