Research in Medicine
Year:2016 | Volume:40 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:13

Backgrond: Zeolite is an active biomaterial which has also biocompatible, antibacterial non-toxic and high porosity properties.Material and methods: In recent years many investigations have been performed on its application in different fields of sciences. In this study, a systemic review on zeolite application in advanced medical sciences and introduction of potential zeolite types for such uses. Investigating the literature, zeolite’s applications in medicine were classified in different fields e.g. pharmaceutics, orthopedics, tissue engineering, and dentistry.It also clarifies that the proper selection of a zeolite type is crucial for any specific research activity since they demonstrate diverse physico-chemical properties.Conclusion: It seems Zeolites are edible, antibacterial, biocompatible and non-toxic material with high absorption property, whose application in different medical fields are expanding. Choosing zeolite, either synthetic or natural, can be a proper selection for e.g. drug delivery systems, wound healing, scaffolds in tissue engineering, implant coatings, hemodialysis, gas adsorption and elimination of toxic ions. In order to bring all these application under an umbrella, two classifications based on application types biological and physico-chemical properties of zeolites have been presented which provides an overview on medical applications of zeolites and also helps scientists in better selection of zeolite type for their research activities.

Background: Adequate dietary intake of Selenium (Se) with regard to crucial role in the body functions and prevention of cancer risks is more important. According to the world growing population and soil erode inadequate daily intake of Se is a noticeable concern. Selenium enriched yeast (Se-yeast) as a good food supplement of Se with high organic and bio-available form of Se, which imitate the dietary form of it (selenomethionine) has been mentioned nowadays. This paper has reviewed the beneficial health effects of Se-yeast in food enrichment in order to compensate inadequate dietary intake of Se, production process and its effective variables, Se-yeast specification, bioavailability, stability and safety.Material and methods: This review article has been prepared with electronic searching keywords of Se, Se-yeast, production process, food enrichment, bioavailability, stability, safety, cellular, animal, human as well as biotechnological studies between120 full text of English ISI articles from 1975 till 2016 in Pubmed, Science direct, Medline, Google scholar and SID databases. The selection of articles were conducted according to the relevance with the aim of this paper. Moreover, the methodology and findings of all eligible articles were used.Results and discussion: According to the applicable potential of Se-yeast in food enrichment, it could be utilizing by appropriate biotechnological methods act in producing this efficient and cost effective carrier with high bioavailability. Hence, Se-yeast has been authorized as an additive for enrichment of different food categories to improve Se content of foods by FAD. Therefore, according to GRAS approval intake of 100mg/d Se-yeast is completely safe. Generally, due to lack of Se in different soil and food chain consequently, Se-yeast could be used in food-chain enrichment to compensate lack of dietary intake of Se.

Background: With regards to the role of inflammatory markers and several reports about the effectiveness of resistance training on cytokines, in this study Ginger, which has a positive effect on changes of inflammatory markers including interleukin10- (IL10-) and alpha-tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were studied.Materials and Methods: Forty athletic male were divided randomly into four groups; includes two group resistance training programs Delorme and Oxford with and without Ginger supplementation (Experimental), and two group resistance training programs Delorme and Oxford (Placebo) with and without placebo (starch). The experimental group received 3 capsules (each capsule contained 1000 mg) of ginger rhizome powder orally. Blood samples were collected before, immediate and 24hr after Delorme and Oxford resistance training programs.Results: Research shows that resistance training with supplementation lead to reduces the inflammatory markers IL10- and TNF-a that was analyzed (p<0.001).Conclusion: It seems that physical exercise with ginger supplementation lead to reduced inflammatory markers. However, further studies with longer periods of the ginger supplementation should be performed in order to identify the significant effect of nondrug intervention on inflammatory markers.

Backgroundm: Induction of fetal hemoglobin (Hb-F) can improve the patients’ symptoms of haemoglobinopathies.Several factors can induce gamma globin gene expression and increased Hb-F levels in patients. In this study, the expression of genes is involved in regulation of gamma globin synthesis such as PIPKII-alpha, BCL11a, and miR-30a during CD34+hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into erythroid lineage was studied.Material and Methods: In this study, CD34+cells were isolated from umbilical cord blood. Then, CD34+cells were cultured in differentiation medium. Erythroid colonies were harvested on days 8, 11, 14 and gene expression of gamma globin, PIPKII-alpha, BCL11a, and miR-30a were analyzed by quantitative RT- PCR.Results: The results showed that gene expression of gamma-globin gradually at the 8th day after differentiation started and at 14th day reached to the highest level of its expression. In parallel with increasing the expression of gamma-globin (22-folds), the expression of PIPKII-alpha increased (2.5-folds), while the expression of BCL11a decreased (1.2-folds). Moreover, the expression of miR- 30a increased during differentiation into erythroid lineage (2.3-folds) (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results indicated that increased expression of PIPKII-alpha and decreased expression of BCL11a during CD34+cells differentiation to erythroid lineage. According to expression pattern of miR-30a and its target genes, PIPKII-alpha and BCL11a, we cannot suppose the inhibitory effect of miR-30a on PIPKII-alpha expression, but due to inhibitory effect of miR-30a on BCL11a gene, we can introduce this microRNA as a regulatory molecule in the induction of Hb-F pathway. However, the further studies are needed to investigate this interaction.

Background: Prevalence and increasing trend in presence of breast mass in women, necessity of removing them, importance of breast’s appearance, post-surgery complications and based on the theory that using solutions to fill the cavity left after the lump removal operation could be beneficial and the fact that saline solution lacks any specific chemical properties, this study was carried out. The research aimed to study and compare the effects of the method in which saline solution is used to fill the cavity and the method in which no saline solution is used.Materials and Methods: Clinical trials on the patients with benign breast mass were used as the research method.The patients were randomly divided into two groups, the control and the treatment group. The lump-removal surgery was conducted by a surgeon and his senior assistant using the standard method and sutures with the same material.The effects of saline solution and the lack of it were determined and statistically analyzed. This determination was based on post-operation bleeding, ecchymosis, stretching of the skin and patient satisfaction.Results: Eighty patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 and designated the control and treatment group. The amount of bleeding was found to be 30% in the control group and 2.5% in treatment group (the group in which the cavity was filled with saline solution) three days after the surgery (p<0.001). After a week, these amounts were 10% and 0% for the control and the treatment groups, respectively (p<0.04). There was a follow up on presence of ecchymosis on the third day and a week following the surgery. It was found out that its presence was similar in groups, 57.5% and 32.5%, respectively (p<0.02). In addition, stretching of the skin was similar in both groups.However, a week after the surgery, patient satisfaction was higher in patients whose cavities were filled with saline solution (p<0.01).Conclusion and recommendations: It seems that using saline solution after removing benign breast mass is a useful method.

Background: Infantile colic is a very common condition in apparently healthy infants with considerable burden on parents and health system. The characteristic of the condition is an excessive, inconsolable crying, which is defined as paroxysms of crying lasting more than 3 hours a day, occurring more than 3 days in any week for 3 weeks in a healthy infant aged 2 weeks to 3 months. Recently, it has been suggested that probiotics may alleviate symptoms of infantile colic, but available data are still conflicting. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a combination of probiotics on infantile colic in comparison with a conventional treatment.Methods: In a clinical trial study a total of 60 infants with colic were randomized in two equal groups. The first group received a sachet of probiotics per day containing 1 billion CFU of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and fructooligosacharide along with a conventional treatment for two consecutive weeks. The second group received the conventional treatment only. Infant crying frequency, sleep duration, weight gain, number of defecation, change in appetite, and vomiting frequency, carminative use, number of medical advice seeking, and the number of parents’ off-day due to the infant’s condition were statistically compared between the two groups every 2 weeks for 4 weeks using t-test.Results: Intragroup analyses showed significant favorable changes in all study variables except for seeking emergency intervention, frequency of defecation and change in appetite after treatments. Intergroup analyses, however, showed similar changes in the outcome variables after two weeks of intervention (p>0.05), except for the number of carminative use, which was significantly lower in the group that received probiotics (11.18±3.73 times vs.7.03±4.73 times, p<0.001) and no significant side-effects were documented.Conclusion: Treatment with probiotics is at least as effective as using a conventional therapeutic method for infantile colitis. This probiotic is even superior to the conventional method in terms of decreasing the need for carminative use.

Background: Homocysteine (HCY) is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Since Creatine synthesis in the liver accounts for nearly 70% of daily homocysteine formation, creatine supplementation might inhibit Hcy production. The present study investigated the effects of creatine supplementation in endurance training on Hcy levels and lipid risk factors.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 16 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: endurance swimming training (n=8) group and creatine supplementation plus endurance swimming training (n=8) group. Creatine supplementation protocol consisted of the addition of 2% creatine monohydrate to normal diet of rats. All rats swam ten weeks of endurance training (5 days a week, for 60 minutes a day) with a 5% body weight load attached to the tail. At the end of ten weeks and after the last training session and an overnight fasting blood samples were taken from the heart, then plasma homocysteine levels and lipid profile were measured and Atherogenic index was calculated.Results: plasma homocysteine levels were significantly lower in creatine supplementation+swim training group (5.9±0.5) compared with the other group (6.97±0.8), but lipid profile and atherogenic index did not differ among groups.Conclusion: It seems that ten weeks creatine supplementaion in endurance swimming training reduced homocysteine levels, but creatine supplementation did not exert additional effect on the improvement in the plasma lipid profile and atherogenic index of rats than swim training alone.

Background: The main problems in antibiotic treatment are resistance to antibiotic and also the side effects of drug consumption. Therefore, after doing researches on the plants properties, humankind has attempted to use them in different industries. In this investigation the antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extracts of four therapeutic plants from Ardebil province include Nepeta nuda, Salvia verticilata, Nepeta crassifolia and Teocrium chamaedry subsp. syspirense, on three species of gram negative bacteria (Salmonella enteric, Escherichia coli, Pectobacterium carotovorum) were evaluated.Material and Methods: An experimental study was conducted at in vitro conditions. After preparing ethanolic extract of mentioned plants by maceration method, the antimicrobial effect of outcome extracts from their aerial parts were investigated by two different methods: disk diffusion and well diffusion.Results: The highest growth inhibition zone in E. coli, P. caratovorum, S. enterica bacteria at 800 mL/mg concentration in disk diffusion method (12, 12, 12 mm) at N. crassifolia, N. nuda, and N. crassifolia extracts and in well diffusion method (10, 12 and 11 mm) at S. verticilata, N. nuda and N. crassifolia extracts were seen respectively.Conclusion: It seems the different concentrations of extract and also bacterium type are influenced on growth inhibition zone. With increasing concentration, the inhibition zone is increased. In comparing to Gentamicin the extracts of mentioned plants had low effect on gram negative bacteria.

Background: Violence against women is an important public health problem that has short-term and long-term mental and physical health outcomes for women and their families. The aim of this study was comparing the personality characteristics and the rate of spouse abuse in spouse abused, applicant in divorce and normal women.Method: Sample included married women, 300 from spouse abused women and 200 from divorced applicant who referred to family court were selected and compared with the 154 normal women. For gathering data we used the NEO-FFI and ISA and a demographic questionnaire. Three groups were compared using analysis of covariance.Results: Findings showed the characteristics of agreeableness and neuroticism in spouse-abused women were more and extroversion was less than the other groups. Also the openness to experience in applicant in divorce women was more than the normal group. Physical abuse in 3 groups was (p˃0.0001): normal women 13.04±3.8, applicant divorce 24.25±9.81 and spouse abused women 35.9±8.55. Findings were similar to psychological abuse.Conclusion: It appears that spouse abused women because of their high rate of neuroticism showed more impulsive behaviours, hostile, anxiety and depression will lead to worse problems. However, they also showed more accompaniment and softened, and could not to solve their problems. Therefore, for future research recommended investigating effects of life skills training on changing the status of women abuse.