Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
Year:2000 | Volume:5 | Issue:4 (20)|Papers Count:16

Conduct disorder is a general psychiatric classification encompassing a variety of behavior patterns in which the individual repetitively and persistently violates the rights, privilages and privacy of others. For these children and adolescents, the authority figures like parents and teachers are assumed as intervening and punishing individuals. Some of these patients are diagnosed as having attention deficit or hyperactivity. Conduct disorder may be concomitant with one or several other disorders such as mood disorders, substance abuse, learning and emotional disorders. The probability of conduct disorder in children with biological or non biological parents having antisocial personality,and or have siblings with behavioral and communication disorders, is more than normal people. Also for children with alcoholic, mood disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, psychosis and conduct disorder parents, the probability of having the symptoms is higher than children with normal parents.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate job satisfaction and general welfare among the primary health workers (Behvarzes) in the primary health centers in Kashan. The following seven items were assessed: Physical, social, and psychological, environmental, organizational. educational, and administration structure and job facilities. Method: Subjects consist of 22 male and 43 female primary health workers in Kashan health centers who completed the research questionnaire by themeselves. Findings: The findings indicated that 41.6% of these health workers were not satisfied with their jobs. 50.5% were satisfied, and 8.9% were nutural. Most of the health workers were satisfied with their social, psychological and educational aspects of their jobs, but unsatisfied with their physical environment, organizational structure, management. and job facilities. Women were more satisfied with their jobs than men. and singles were more content than married ones. Age had direct correlation with their job.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate verbal and mathematical skills among young children. Method: The population of this study is composed of 5 and 6 years old children from nursary schools of the welfare organization in east of Tehran. An IQ test on 218 children, was administrated and 120 individuals were selected as the subjects for the present study. The IQ of these subjects were 90-110. The research apparatus used in this research were Mathematical Scale and Verbal classification Test. The data were analyzed statistically. Findings: The findings of this research indicate that there is a significant and direct correlation between verbal and mathematical skills among the subjects. The other findings of this study show no significant difference between the mean scores of;the verbal and mathematical skills obtained by girls and boys. Besides there is a significant difference between the mean scores obtained by 5 and 6 years old children in verbal skills.

Objective: The present study is investigating the attribution style in patients with the anxiety and depression comorbidity. Method: Subjects are 26 patients with major depression, 25 patients with generalized anxiety disordgr, 17 patients with comorbidity of anxiety and depression, and 30 normal individuals. The aparatus used in the study for data collecting were Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Attribution Style Questionnaire. Findings: This results indicated that the patient group with the anxiety and depression are different in attribution style than compared with the other groups, and be distinguished considered as having their specific style of attribution. In other words, general attribution style for failures unsuccesses and specific attribution style for success is their distinguished feature from the generalized anxiety disorder group, and flexible attribution style, for success is their distinguised feature from the group with major depression. The main feature of this group is their specific attribution style.

Objective: Standardizing the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale among Iranian population from birth through 18 years and 11 months of age. Method: The Scale is consisted of four domains: Communication, daily life skills, socialization and motor skills. To validate this Scale on Iranian population, 1650. normal subjects composed of 15 age groups in urban and rural areas in Fars, Khorasan, Zanjan, Kohkilouyehboyrahmad, and Tehran provinces were selected. Also 130 mental retarded subjects were chosen to be assessed by this Scale. To determine the reliability of the Scale, it was performed on 140 parents of the subjects with retest method. Findings: The findings indicate that the items of this Scale is valid and reliable on Iraninan population. Also the table of standardized scores were calculated with 2, 3, and 4 months intervals, adaptive levels in the fields, compound adaptive behavior, the level of maladaptive behavior, percentile ranks, normalized scores, age equivalents in the fields and subfields, and the compound parts of adaptive behavior. Result: This Scale is valid to assess adaptive behavior on Iranian population and has the ability to differentiate between mentally retartded individuals and normal groups. Hence, the differential validity of the Scale may be considered as yet another measure for the structure reliability.

Objectives: In this study the coping strategies among adolescents in Tehran is investigated. Method: 1058 middle and high school male and female students were selected randomly and assessed by 80-items Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS). The Scale evaluates 18 coping strategies, and three coping styles. Mean and t-value for all groups were calculated. Findings: The findings indicate-that the effective ways of coping decrease as age grows. Girls in comparison with boys are showing more wishful thinking, anxiety, tension reduction, not coping, self blame, self control and seeking spiritual support. Whereas boys use more social action strategies, reject spiritual support, ignore problems, focus on positive points, seek professional help, and desire physical recreation.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of mental health among the students in Kashan Medical University. and its relationship with their demographic characteristics. Method: In this study 253 students (185 female, 68 male) were selected as subjects and responded to the 28 items General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Those students who obtained a higher score from the cut off point (22 for men, and 21 for women), were chosen for clinical interview. Findings: The results indicated that 28.4% of the students suffered from one of the four following disorders: major depression (8.7%), adjustment disorder, (6.7%), dysthymia (5.9%), generalized anxiety disorder (4.7%), and double depression (2.4%). The rate of disorders in non-local students was more than local students. Also the rate of disorder was higher in those with lower interest in study subject compared with those with higher interest in their study discipline. Among the single individuals was 29.5%, and in married ones was 12.4%. Moreover 52.6% of students with disorder, had a background of psychiatric disorder.

Objective:The prevalence rate of suicide among rural population in Karaj and Savojbolagh district for a period of 5 years (1991-95) have been studied. Method: The data collected through the questionnaires, filled by health workers settled in 44 Health Houses in Savojbolagh, and 21 Health Houses in Karaj city. The population of these two districts were nearly 76804, and 26577 individuals respectively. Findings: The results obtained from this study indicate that over the five years period, 14 out of 7530 recorded death in Savojbolagh, and 3 out of 495 in Karaj, were reported as suicide. It is investigated that the rate of suicide outbreak among 100000 population in Karaj is 11.3%. and in Savojbolagh is 18.2%. The average age of suicidal inclividuals obtained from data is 31.5 years old. Seven individuals (41.2%) were male and 8 of them (58.8%) were female. Most of the cases had average socio-economical status, and ttiey were either illiterate or had poor educational background. The attempts mainly caused by family crisis, 8 cases (47.1%) had mental disorders in personal history, women mainly had self burning, and men had hung themselves. A great number of the attempts occured in summer and in the morning hours.