Financial Economics
Year:2020 | Volume:14 | Issue:50|Papers Count:10

Before the financial Crisis, Supervisory Officials were not so much aware of the Risk in the Capital Market, so the focus of the Market watchdog was to protect the Individual Interests of Investors and Disclosure of Information, but not enough to reduce the Risk. Risk is an uncritical element for any Business Company. The Risk of Transmission of Information about the Company, Strategies and Operations that have a Potential Impact on the Expected results of the Company. The present article Seeks to Decision Usefulness of Risk Components on the Speed of Price Adjustment. This study was carried out with 87 sample companies in the period of 7 years 2011-2017 in a descriptive-correlative manner with the Implementation of a Multivariate Regression Model. The results showed that Disclosure of Risk-level Components at the Company level Contained useful Information in Advance The nose is the Coincidence of the Stock Market Price of the Companies. Also, there was no Significant Difference in the Level of Industry.

Nowadays, pharmacy is known as a strategic and knowledge based industries in countries. In this industry, the success of companies depends on their abilities to provide new and continuous innovations to the market. On one hand innovation with the variety of production, increasing efficiency and profit margin causes higher market share and on the other hand with increasing the cost and uncertainty of product demand causes less market share. Thus in this research we are looking at the relationship between innovation in the pharmaceutical industry companies in Tehran stock exchange and market share as a Structural variable during 2011-2016. Using systematic elimination method from the statistical population of the research, nine companies are selected as statistical samples. Results show that independent variables such as innovation, Debt ratio and exchange rate have negative effect but Liquidity, Debt to equity value ratio and size have positive and meaningful effect on the market share.

The price bubbles in medical commodities and medications can interrupt the pharmaceutical market. Since the pharmaceutical market in each country has a direct relationship with the countries developmental level; The objective of the present study is to explore the bubble of pharmaceutical material, the timing and determining the type of existing bubbles (single or multiple) in this market, using the new methods of discovery and bubble dating such as GSADF and RADF. The results of this study confirmed the bubble of the pharmaceutical market. The number of bubbles in this market is 8, of which only one is multiple and the others are single. bubbles and control the price of medical and pharmaceutical commodities by early recognition of the price bubbles.

In financial literature, considering the asset pricing is considered as one of the most important components of activity in financial markets. One of the ways that helps investors to explain risk and return on investment is to use asset pricing models. The main purpose of the present research is to provide a comparative explanation of the consumption-based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM) and the liquidity-adjusted of consumption-based capital asset pricing model in the Iranian capital market. The statistical population of this study is the accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange which is considered for period of 2009 to 2018. With the comparison between two types of pricing model with using algebraic relationships and the two-step regression model of Fama and Macbeth, it is shown that a greater proportion of cross-sectional variation in expected returns can be explained by the liquidity-adjusted CCAPM than the traditional CCAPM. The results also show that the pricing errors in liquidity-adjusted CCAPM is lower than the traditional CCAPM. The evidence from this study also highlights the importance of liquidity in asset pricing.

Iran's economy, which is categorized as small economies in terms of concepts and practices, linked to the world economy through financial and trade channels. Therefore, it is on the radar of monetary and monetary policy shocks of countries with a superior economy such as the American economy. Given the importance of the issue, this study investigated the effects of the positive spillover shock of US government spending on Iran's economic indicators by using the Global Vector Auto Regression (GVAR) approach and seasonal data over the period 1995– 2016. The results show that the spillovers of US financial policy shock (positive government spending shocks) through the trade channel have contributed to the growth and strengthening of the economies of China, the European Union and Japan, which have direct trade relations with the United States; and indirectly, by increasing the oil price lead to real output growth, inflation rate and real exchange rate rises in the Iran's economy.

Banks collect funds from sectors with a liquidity surplus and direct them to sectors that suffer from a lack of liquidity. Terefore, monitoring, evaluating and comparing their performance due to the effect these institutions have on the country's economic growth and development. It is very important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of private banks accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange based on the CAMEL model. Accordingly, the data of the four commercial banks of Export, Post Bank, Commerce and Nation during 2007-2016 are used. The results of the research show that there was no significant difference between capital adequacy and asset quality indices in both pre and post privatization periods. On the other hand, there was a significant difference between the indicators of management quality, profitability indicators and liquidity indices in both pre and post privatization periods.

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between the changes in real oil prices and stock returns. Besides, in this study, the effect of four other macro-economic variables consisting of the inflation rate, exchange rate, interest rate, and industrial production as effective variables on the Tehran stock exchange total price index have been investigated. For this purpose, the annular data from 1988 till 2017 were used. Using the quantile regression method, the relationship between stock index return and macro-economic variables has been evaluated. The results show that the change of interest rate has an insignificant influence on the stock index return and oil price, industrial production, and the exchange rate has a significant effect. On the other hand, the inflation rate does not have significant influence on this index return. In addition, the Bootstrap re-sampling confirmed the result of the quantile regression.

The main objective of this research is to provide a new model of corporate governance and corporate performance, corporate entrepreneurship which has been used as a factor in this regard. The research method is descriptive correlational. The statistical population of the study is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, which is based on the Cochran formula, 203 company's top managers has been used to collect data. Data were collected by using three standard questionnaires. Reliability and validity were verified by divergence and convergence tests. The data analysis method was performed using Smart-Pls software. The results of the research showed that corporate governance has positively and significantly influenced the firm's performance. It was also confirmed that corporate governance has positively and significantly influenced entrepreneurial dimensions in terms of innovative activity, risk taking and competitors as well as entrepreneurial dimensions in terms of risk taking, innovative activity and competitors on company performance.

New advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have evolved cash payment system. Today, electronic payments play basic role in financial intermediaries. Electronic payment changes cash conventional demand. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of electronic payment instruments (ATM, POS, Pin pad, Debit cards) on cash demand in developing economies based on ARDL models. IN this study, demand for cash was estimated using autoregressive distributed Lag (ARDL) modeling and time series of Iran's economy statistics in 2004-2012 seasonally. It is noticeable that electronic payment instruments were estimated and modeled using composite index (analysis method of the main elements), results show that increase in composite variable of electronic payment instrument reduces demand for cash.

The purpose of this paper is to investigating the risks of human resources in government banks in Iran. The identification of human resources risks, based on a non-randomized judgmental and snowball sampling method Selected. We used and interviews with the organization's experts Simples and continue until the theoretical saturation. Data analysis is based on Qualitative Theme Analysis Method and with the Structural Equation Modeling and Lisrel software. In the second phase, the documentary method has been used to collect some required information, such as data on the performance indicators of government banks. The statistical population is Iran's government banks, including Iran's National Bank, Sepah, Refah Kargaran, Qarz-al-Hassaneh Mehr, Post Bank and Tose-e Ta’ avon (cooperative development) Banks. In order to receive and collect information, the views of managers and experts in the areas of human resources used. The results show that reducing human resource risks effectively improves performance indicators in Iranian government banks. So government bank managers are suggested to consider the reduction of human resources risks in decision-making, planning, and policymaking.