LITERARY ARTS
Year:2017 | Volume:9 | Issue:2 (19)|Papers Count:11

Deviation from the norm, deviation from the rules that governing on the syntagmatic relations of the words, adding the rules on the standard language, displace in parts of sentence, and manipulating in accepted structure of grammar, are collection of methods that most poets use, for arriving to the language of poetry. Principally, use of methods in language that focuses on language instead of message creates foregrounding in language of poetry. Foregrounding in language of poetry, takes shape in two kinds of deviation and extra-regularity, and deviation, takes shape with displace and manipulating in parts of different areas of grammar. Adjective that has a secondary role in the structure of sentence, is so flexible, and has suitable context for deviation. Different deviations in this area, especially in contemporary poetry, create significant variety in application of adjective. ...

Saadi not only changed the structure of the words but also he changed the structure of the sentences and he made the poems understandable for the public. (He linked the poem to the language of the public. From the point of the structure of the sentences Boustan is unique among Saadi’s Poems. The most important reason of Saadi’s fluency and his attractive speech is in the order of the words. There is no way to understand the beauty of Saadi’s speech except scientific studying of his poems.

Poststructuralists, especially Derrida rely on processes and mechanisms such as deferment, trace and otherness to deal with the criticism of binary oppositions and metaphysics-based approaches. Despite the emphasis post-structuralism puts on its own mechanisms and approaches, explaining the theoretical deep structures of post-structuralism (and especially the ideas of Derrida) helps to realize the fundamental role of metaphor and metaphorical functions in the development of its theoretical foundations. ...

Time is one of the important elements of the story that Genette surveys, emphasizing on its importance, and narrative structure of the story in the frame of concepts order, duration and frequency. Current study is a survey with modeling of Genette theory, the lastest novel by Ahmad Mahmoud with analytical-descriptive method. This survey shows the narrative stating author associated with the movement of events in time and he has could show with overcoming of element of time new techniques of writing story in his works. In "Derakhte Anjir Maabed" novel such as modern novels, the plot begins from the middle story and author from beginning throuth mental associations of characters, disrupts the logical order of events and makes narrative indirect. The central association of narrative in style of the stream of consciousness stories, in addition to breaking time borders, leads to the early realist narrative toward the imajinary and surrealistic fiction. More associations have a semi-conscious state or unconscious and appear to form improvisational through expression one word or similarity of position and sometimes are near into the realm of interior monologue or surrealism. Reapeted Heteradiegetic Analepsis associated with function refers to last person, resolves text complexity and reopens story nodes. Because of the special structure of story that insists on Analepsis, see less Prolepsis and Prolepsis appears only in scope of expression in the wishes of persons story and their idealism. ...

The Qur' an has always been the fountain of inspiration for Muslims and the greatest school of education for the believers and truth-seekers. Qur' an is outwardly and inwardly full of beauties and mysteries which manifest themselves according to the disposition and understanding of those who appeal to it. ...

Feriba Vafi is a hard working novelist of our time. Her first novel was ‘My bird’ has been worried to alleviate the plight of women in the society. In her last novel by the name of ‘bad az payan’ she deals with women issue continuously. But to intensify the effective ness of the story in the community and proper to time condition besides the choice of subject, she has used plot, signs and particular way of telling narrative. In this paper based on the account of Todorov analyzes we study the thematic link, plot and the way of telling narrative. ...

Derivational word, based on the structural theory, is made up of a free morpheme and at least an affix. Based on this theory, the root of the derived word is not necessarily verbal; it can be a nominal or adjectival, etc. Furthermore, an affix can change the category and the meaning of the word and create polysemy. A polysemy is a linguistic unit having multiple meanings (Safavid, 1390: 111).

Vladimir Propp (1895-1970), the Russian scholar, analyzed a lot of the Russian folk tales and recognized common themes within. He broke down the stories into “morphemes” and documented 31 elements or narrative units that contained the structure of so many of the stories. Propp gave each element a symbol, thus allowing a story to be described by a series of those symbols. He broke up fairy tales into parts. Through these parts he could organize the tale into a series of sequences that took place within the Russian fairytale.