One of the determining and effective factors in the performance of athletes, in all kinds of sports, is having knowledge of their physiological and physical characteristics. For several years, coaches have considered these characteristics to evaluate performance of sport teams. The Subjects were 15 elite volleyball players (age 25.8±6.5, height 191.0±8.2, weight 88.2±8.2) participating in Super League year 90-91. Factors of anaerobic power, hands grip, the muscles of the shoulder girdle, back and legs, agility, speed, vertical jump one hand and two hands, long jump, flexibility, endurance and the body were measured in subjects, in three stages: before preparation for training, after eight weeks of preparation (including endurance, strength, and specific skill training) and the half-season (8 weeks and 14 workouts to maintain fitness competition).Results revealed that right and left hands grips, adductor and abductors muscles shoulder and sit up, had no significant differences after the period of preparation and half-season in volleyball players (p>0.05). Also, anaerobic power, agility, speed, long jump, vertical jump one hand and two hands, leg and back extensor muscles had a significant increase after a period of preparation in volleyball players. (p<0.05) These factors did not show a significant difference in the half-season. (p>0.05) But the flexibility had a significant increase after a period of preparation and half-season in volleyball players. (p<0.05) On the conclusion, increase in fitness factors and their impact on performance, indicates the importance of these factors and their controlling role in periods of preparation and during competition.