Yafteh
Year:2020 | Volume:22 | Issue:2 (84)|Papers Count:14

Background: Migraine headache is a common chronic clinical disorder. Psychological problems are high among these patients. This study examined the relationship between perfectionism dimensions and personality type with migraine severity of headache. Materials and Methods: In this study a cross sectional method was used. Among patients referring to the neurologists in the city of Kerman 168 samples were selected. Participants responded to the personality type, intensity of headache and perfectionism dimensions' questionnaires, then data were analyzed using regression method. Results: The results showed that there was significant correlation between type A personality and dimensions of perfectionism with migraine. Moreover, type A personality and community-oriented and self-oriented perfectionism are predictors of migraine, but other-oriented perfectionism cannot predict the migraine headache. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, personality characteristics, especially type A which are associated with a kind of pressure and urgency, moreover perfectionism of migraine patients should be considered in any treatment.

Background: Keratoconus is a common disease characterized by progressive corneal slimming and steepening. The disease progression is generally accompanied by the significant decline in the vision, aggravation of irregular corneal astigmatism and the resultant decrease in the patient's quality of life. One of the successful treatments for Keratoconus is the corneal ring implantation. The prediction of post-surgical visual characteristics has been considered in this study to assist the ophthalmologist in appropriately choosing surgery candidates. Materials and Methods: In this study, the set of data collected from numerous tests of visual characteristics performed before and after implanting the keraring and myoring rings has been utilized. By using MATLAB software, the visual characteristics of keratoconus patients after implanting the rings have been estimated through correct training of the proposed neural networks. The characteristics include: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), sphere (SPH), astigmatism (Ast), orientation of astigmatism (Axis), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results: In this research, for the first time, the visual characteristics of keratoconus patients six and twelve months after implanting the corneal ring have been predicted with the mean error of 9. 51% manipulating a novel neural-network-based method. Conclusion: The results indicate the precision and accuracy of the proposed method in predicting the visual characteristics of keratoconus patients after implanting the corneal rings. The ophthal-mologist could precisely choose the right candidate for surgery amongst his patients based on the estimated characteristics.

Background: Government organizations face the problem of lack of motivation and indifference of their employees towards the goals and future of the organization due to a lack of competitive environment; what can help the organization get out of this situation more than any other solution is the unleashing organizational energy. This led the present study to focus on the designing the pattern of unleashing organizational energy of employees in government organizations. Materials and Methods: The research method was qualitative of a grounded theory. Among presidents of medical sciences universities in the west region, financial and human resource development managers, university professors in management and behavioral sciences in this region and senior managers of the Ministry of Health Medical Education, 35 people were selected by targeted sampling method for in-depth interview; the interviews continued until the theoretical saturation stage. The data were systematically analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding and finally, an objective picture of the theory created was presented. Results: The obtained theory showed that organizational energy is in a process of causal (ethical values, job security, management support, compensation, personality, sense of belonging, shared aspiration, trust and organizational emotional intelligence), contextual (administrative-managerial, socio-cultural and economic conditions of the organization), intervening (organizational policies, managers' behavior, colleagues' behavior, organizational climate, and specific organizational considerations), and strategic (flexibility, shared identity, encouragement and support, combating corruption, effective communication, organizational control, organizational learning and human resource management) factors and this unleashing has many positive consequences for employees. Conclusion: The results of this study are a pattern for the unleashing organizational energy of employees of the ministry of health and medical education and other government agencies that face the problem of lack of motivation and lack of enthusiasm of employees to participate in achieving the strategic goals of the organization.

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases considered as a health and economic problem in many countries, such as Iran in the Middle East. Humans are infected with this disease as a result of direct contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products. The prevalence of this disease is greater among veterinary staff as one of the high risk groups. The main purpose of this study was to determine of Brucella seroprevalence in the veterinary staff of Lorestan province using the indirect ELISA method. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to June 2019. Total of 92 serum samples of veterinary staff with a history of contact with animals were tested for antibody against Brucella by commercial kit. Results: Total of serum samples tested in this study, 72 were (78/27%) positive, 18 were (19/56%) negative, 2 were (2/17%) suspicious. According to the results of the present study, the seroprevalence of brucellosis among veterinary staff in Lorestan province is high. Conclusion: Lorestan province is one of the endemic areas of malt fever and the seroprevalence in veterinary staff as one of the high risk groups based on this study is very high. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent disease in the human population by controlling and preventing disease in animals.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the important cases of community acquired infections and hospital infections. Increasing the emergence of multidrug resistance among hospital isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae has limited treatment options for the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of oqxA and oqxB genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. Materials and Methods: In this study, samples consist of all persons who were referred to the hospitals in Khorramabad during the last 6 months. Laboratory samples were evaluated in a differential and biochemical way and their antibiotic susceptibility were evaluated by disc diffusion method. DNA was extracted by boiling and the genes were identified by specific primers using PCR. Results: Out of 100 samples, 63 (63%) were male and 37 (37%) were female. The highest resistance was respectively to cefotaxime, amikacin, tetracycline and the highest sensitivity was related to levofloxacin, and ceftazidime. In all isolates, 57 isolates were resistant; among those the prevalence of oqxA and oqxB genes was 26. 3% and 56. 1%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of oqxB gene was higher than oqxA gene and it was found that there was increased resistance to fluoroquinolones in the studied isolates.

In recent decades, exercise activity has been the key contributor in controlling many diseases. This review highlights the recent longitudinal studies and randomized clinical trials evaluating the impact of resistance training on the left ventricle structural and functional characteristics. The studies include diverse ethnic populations, including men and women, as well as several (e. g. adults, middle-aged and older adults) age groups. Databases such as PubMed, Medline, Irandoc, SID, Google Scholar, and Magiran were searched for the purpose of this review. After checking 150 abstracts, we reviewed 83 relevant articles to be discussed. Based on the results of the studies, resistance training induces structural and functional changes in the left ventricle commensurate with gene changes providing the basis for improving the efficiency of cardiac function. Therefore, the present study supports the view that resistance training, with special considerations, can be recommended to patients with chronic heart failure who suffer from cardiac events as a preventive solution.

Cancer is a major and serious problem for human health. Despite the many advances in the field of treatment, it remains the biggest global medical challenge. The main barrier to treating this disease is a process called metastasis, which occurs in 90% of cancers. According to World Health Statistics, breast cancer is among the three world's prevalent cancers and the second largest cause of cancer deaths in the world that is about 1. 67 million people. Bone, liver, lung and brain are common organs for metastatic breast cancer. Proprietary processes and various molecules play a role in metastasis to each of these organs. The target microorganisms first cause the cancer cells to be present in these organs, and then the release of specific factors from cancer cells and their interaction with the target micro-environment results in the survival of these cells and the formation of metastasis. In this review article, we try to find out the key molecules of these mechanisms that can be considered as an appropriate therapeutic target for breast cancer by studying the mechanisms involved in metastatic breast cancer to target organs.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise intensity on the genes expression involved in physiological hypertrophy of the heart. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 24 male Wistar rats weighing 200± 20 g and eight weeks' old were randomly divided into three control groups (n=8) and high intensity exercise (n = 8) and sub-maximal continuous exercise (n=8). The high intensity exercise protocol; 30 minutes of intermittent running (each exercise consisting of 4 minutes of running 90-85% VO2max and 2 minutes of active recovery with 50-60% VO2max) was administered three days a week for 8 weeks. Also, the sub group continuous exercise group (30-60 min) was activity intensity of 50-55% of maximal oxygen consumption of rats. Gene expression of the variables was measured. Results: There was a significant difference in the rate of gene expression changes in all three variables (TGF-1, TIMP and MMP-I) between eight weeks of intense and continuous intermittent exercise compared to the control group (p<0. 05). Both exercise methods led to a significant increase in the expression of TGF-ß 1 and TIMP genes in the heart of male Wistar rats. But MMP-I changes in the intermittent group are not significant compared to the control group. Conclusion: Exercise seems to improve the factors involved in the physiological hypertrophy of the heart. Therefore, the findings of the present study have been expressed with caution and more research is needed in the future.

Background: Aerobic exercise increases serum levels of BDNF, Irisin, and Cathepsin B, but the effects of it in the manipulated environment have not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise in manipulated environment on serum levels of BDNF, Irisin and Cathepsin B in healthy active adolescents in Khorramabad. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 10 healthy active male adolescents (age: 16. 60± 0. 52 years) voluntarily participated. The subjects underwent a one-hour running with intensity between 12-13 in Borg scale one session in an ordinary environment and one session in an enriched environment interspersed with one week in a randomized cross-over design. Five minutes before and after the training, a blood sample was taken from the subjects. Serum levels of BDNF, Irisin and Cathepsin B were measured by ELISA. To analyze the data, paired samples t-test was used. Also, the percentage of changes were compared to pre-test. Results: The results showed that in both environments serum levels of BDNF (p=0. 001, p=0. 001) Irisin (p=0. 002, p=0. 001) and Cathepsin B (p=0. 001, p=0. 0005) were significantly increased. However, there was only a significant difference between Irisin (p=0. 043) and Cathepsin B (p=0. 046) in the two environments. Also, the percentage of changes in all variables was higher in enriched environment. Conclusion: Moderate intensity aerobic exercise in healthy active adolescents increased serum levels of BDNF, Irisin, and Cathepsin B. But, the manipulated environment has greater impact. Therefore, it is recommended to use a manipulated environment to make the most of the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise.

Background: Microbial resistance is one of the major problems leading to the spread of illness and death in the worldwide. Virginiamycin is one of those antibiotics that have been approved for use in the poultry, but in recent years, attention has been paid to replacing these compounds with natural additives such as powder and extracts of medicinal herbs, in livestock nutrition and poultry. Materials and Methods: In this experiment, 125 hens of white Leghorn chicken (Hay-line) were used at age 64 weeks. Hens were divided into five groups with five replicate cages containing five hens each for each group. In this study, the effects of garlic and sage powder in the diet of laying hens, alone or in combination, with an emphasis on antimicrobial properties, were evaluated in comparison with antibiotic Virginiamycin, and the effect of these compounds on some biochemical parameters, blood and histomorphology of the intestine were investigated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications with 5 observations in each replication Results: The results showed that different experimental treatments, including garlic powder, sage or their mixture, also Virginiamycin resulted in a significant increase in villi height (P<0. 05) and villi height to crypt depth ratio (P<0. 05), while the effect of sage powder and Virginiamycin on crypt depth was not significant. Furthermore, the addition of different experimental treatments significantly altered the intestinal microflora, and except for Lactobacillus that decreased significantly, the reduction in the number of germs including E. coli, Salmonella and total bacteria was significant. Conclusion: It seems that a large part of the antimicrobial properties of these compounds in this study can be due to the ability of herbs active compounds or essential oils that are capable of eliminating bacteria due to the instability of membranes, including mitochondria membrane and imbalance in the membrane integrity of bacteria, and possibly reduce the damage to intestinal erythrocytes, also reduced the cellular requirements for the proliferation of new cells in the intestine. So that, the use of experimental treatments led to higher villi height and less crypt depth.

Background: Non-cardiac chest pain is very pervasive and an alarming complaint that leads people to cardiovascular clinics. However, in many cases there is no physical cause for these pains. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and psychological flexibility in patients with non-cardiac chest pain. Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test, and follows with the control group three months later. The 40 samples were selected by targeted sampling of patients that referred to the Dr. Heshmat's heart hospital in Rasht, and randomly divided into two groups. Participants responded to two questionnaires: Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Psychological Flexibility. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes of cognitive-behavioral therapy weekly and there was no intervention for control group. After collecting data, results were analyzed by independent t test, Two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results showed that in the experimental group, in contrast to the control group, the mean scores of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies decrease (F=18. 16, p< 0. 001). Positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (F=4. 76, p< 0. 05) and psychological flexibility increased (F=30. 82, p< 0. 001). This result was maintained at follow-up. Conclusion: Training by cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and psychological flexibility in patients with non-cardiac chest pain.

Background: Due to proven anti-tumor activity of quercetin (QT), however the low effectiveness of QT has restricted its use. This study aimed to assess the toxic effect of QT encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (QT-SLNs) on the cell death (Autophagy) of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 and MCF-10A (non-tumorigenic cell line) cell lines treated with 25 μ ml/mL of QT or QT-SLNs for 48 h. Cell viability and Autophagy were evaluated to determine the toxic effectiveness of the QT-SLNs. Results: The QT-SLNs with appropriate characteristics were prepared. The QT-SLNs showed sustained QT release until 48 h. Cytotoxicity assessments indicated that QT-SLNs inhibited MCF-7 cells growth with a low IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) value, compared to the free QT. QT-SLNs induced a significantly increased in Autophagy in the MCF-7 cells. Following QT-SLNs treatment, the expression of the ATG-5 protein significantly increased in comparison with free QT-treated cells. Furthermore, The QT-SLNs significantly increased autophagy indexes in MCF-7 cells. Viability and autophagy of MCF-10A cells were not affected by QT or QT-SLNs. Conclusions: According to these results, SLN significantly enhanced the toxic effect of QT against human breast cancer cells.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the intensity of exercise with saffron supplementation on metabolic balance in overweight and obesity women. Materials and Methods: Among obese and overweight women, 42 obese women with body mass index above 25 were selected by purposeful and accessible randomized to six groups of high intensity training, continuous exercise, control, high intensity training with saffron supplement, continuous training with saffron supplement and saffron supplement group. After the initial sampling, the intervention groups were active for 12 weeks. All data analysis was performed at the significant level P≤ 0. 05. Results: There was a significant difference in weight, body mass index and fat percentage between control groups, training interventions and saffron (P=0. 001). There was a significant difference in the visfatin between all groups with intermittent exercise and saffron group (P≤ 0. 05). The results also showed that there was a significant difference in this variable between saffron, endurance training and control group. There was a significant difference in the Irisin variable between the intermittent exercise group and saffron, endurance and saffron and endurance training with control group (P≤ 0. 05). In the ghrelin variable, there was only a significant difference between the saffron and intermittent exercise groups with all groups (P≤ 0. 05). The other groups did not show significant differences. Conclusion: According to these results, intense intermittent exercise with saffron supplement is appropriate strategy for health and obesity prevention. Of course, more research is needed in the future to reach a definitive conclusion.

Background: The incidence of heart disease increase with age. Green tea is an antioxidant which can prevent cellular aging. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of green tea extract consumption on total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity of old rats' heart tissue in response to acute exhaustive exercise. Materials and Methods: 32 male rats were randomly categorized into two groups of supplement and non-supplement each consisting of 16 rats. The supplement group received green tea extract for 12 weeks. At the end of the 12 weeks, each of these groups was further divided into two groups of rest and acute exhaustive exercise. The non-supplement with the rest group was called control group. The non-supplement with exercise group was called exercise group. Further, the supplement group with the rest was called supplement group and finally the last group was entitled supplement with exercise. After 12 weeks of taking green tea extract, one session of acute exhaustive exercise was held on the treadmill. Sandwich ELISA method was used to measure TAC and MDA content and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity Results: The results showed that 12 weeks of green tea extract consumption increased TAC and decreased MDA levels. Furthermore, increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity in response to a bout acute exhaustive exercise. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, 12 weeks of green tea extract consumption can increase TAC levels and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes at rest and after acute exhaustive exercise.