Journal of Sustainable City
Year:2019 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Urban parks and green spaces have proven to have enormous economic, social, ecological, and aesthetic benefits, and play an important role in sustainability of cities. The three district of Ahwaz, in spite of problems such as inappropriate proximity, lack of parks, uneven distribution of the park, inappropriate access with the heat, the presence of contamination from industries and dust, has required research on the status of parks. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of the distribution of parks in the Ahwaz 3 district. The research approach is "practical" and its method is "descriptive and analytical". Information is collected in the form of libraries and documents. Five quantitative indicators and seven qualitative indicators were considered for the evaluation of parks. These indicators were examined by tools in ArcGIS software. The PROMETHEE software was used for ranking parks. The calculations showed that the distribution of parks is not proportional to demographic density, of the 30 neighborhoods in district Three of Ahwaz, 25 neighborhoods have difficulty in providing the park services to their inhabitants, The parks in this district are not suitable for area indicators, population coverage, per capita, hierarchy, access, centrality, proximity to incompatible uses and peak traffic. The organizational neighborhoods belonging to the oil company are most enjoyed by the park, and In terms of quantitative and qualitative indicators, dah-ghetee park with Phi = 0. 303 is the most desirable and Karun Park with Phi =-0. 336 is the most undesirable park in this district. Therefore, it is concluded that the distribution of parks in region 3 Ahwaz is not proportional to area and per capita standards and spatial desirability criteria.

There is a consensus among researchers that the need to turn urban historic neighborhoods into places for better collective life is a consideration of the aspects of social sustainability in these neighborhoods. The significance of this issue is to the extent that it can be said that the most important aspect of the protection of historical neighborhoods in the process of sustainable urban development is to return to its social component. Therefore, measuring the dimensions of social sustainability in urban historical contexts was the main objective of this study, which was done by studying the six neighborhoods of the historical context of Ardabil city. The research method used in this study was descriptive-analytic and the sample consisted of 384 residents of Ardebil's historical context, who were selected by simple random sampling. The research measures were implemented based on theoretical framework of the research in a researcher-made questionnaire with 10 main components and 68 questions Including: Social security, social participation, social trust, collective identity, vitality, social interaction, sense of belonging, quality of housing, economic benefit, and spatial justice. The results showed that the rate of social sustainability in the historical context of Ardebil is generally low. But some of the components of social sustainability such as crime security, social participation, social interaction, and sense of belonging were more favorable than other components. However, the instability in the economic situation of residents and the low quality of physical condition of this area associated with inadequate access of residents to public services is a major factor in the escalation of social instability in the historical context of Ardebil. Also there are significant spatial differences in the level of social sustainability among the neighborhoods. . The results of this study highlight the social dimension of sustainable development in improving the quality of historical textures. An important point to be made as a conclusion from the analyses is that by reinforcing the social aspects of historical areas, their physical inadequacies can be largely achieved and reduced to habitat and activity. The results of this study emphasize the importance of assessing the social sustainability of urban areas, highlighting the social dimension of sustainable development in improving the quality of historical textures.

Public spaces in contemporary cities are laid under pressure from capitalism and privatization. These forces, along with globalization and modernization, have led to major changes in the processes of production and management of public spaces. These changes generally follow a certain direction, which is the same as moving away from direct government involvement and increasing the role of private sector in the provision and management of public spaces. The transformation of commercial spaces to public spaces is one of the privatization-related trends in which modern business spaces such as malls and shopping centers provide more public access by creating multifunctional tasks, and increasingly becoming public space more and more. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the status of malls as a type of public space, which was done by a case study of palladium shopping center in the region 1 of Tehran. In this regard, the present study seeks to answer the following question: "What are the properties of malls in Tehran as a public space, and what are the realities of studying their functional dimensions with emphasis on the palladium complex? " The research method was qualitative based on a library study, interview and dialogue with 32 users of palladium complex who were selected by Purposeful sampling method. The sampling stop point was theoretical saturation and repetition of responses. Also the research measures were implemented based on a semi-structured qualitative questionnaire with 7 main components and 34 questions. The main components of the questionnaire are: user preferences and motivations, accessibility, sociability, inclusion and exclusion, attraction and deprivation, security, and control. Descriptive statistics and stepwise coding method were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the palladium complex, in spite of inefficiency in some components of the public space, has characteristics that users prefer it to other shopping centers in Tehran. Multi-functionality, climatic comfort, environmental quality, and high security were the most important reasons for social acceptance of palladium. Also, the use of youth and women from this space is a form of Distinction and De – differentiation. Finally, the result was that the Malls, in spite of promoting the culture of consumption and restrictions imposed on their users, due to "middle class lifestyle" and "the existence of structural constraints governing the public spaces of Iran", acts as a kind of "alternative public spaces".

Informal settlements are a special housing pattern, which has a large part of the population, and is mainly low-income. Since the principle of fair distribution of urban services is the ability of all classes to access these services, providing suitable urban services for informal settlements and proper urban residents' access to these services is one of the most important issues in urban planning. Because the metropolis of Tabriz is integrated into the system and the regions and regions, the lack of attention to some areas can create problems for the whole city. Understanding the informal settlements neighborhoods in the metropolitan areas of Tabriz regarding the level of utilization of urban services and their ranking in relation to the various indicators available in the following research and providing a program for organizing and optimal service of these neighborhoods have been the objectives of the research. The research method is descriptive-analytical and data gathering tool using available resources and detailed design data and evaluation of service distribution using VIKOR model. The results of the research indicate that informal settlements have better service and amenities near to more affluent and better economic and social conditions.

Guilan province is the oldest province in the country, among which the metropolitan city of Rasht also has an aging phenomenon. The present study aims to investigate the rate of accomplishment of the elderly city in Rasht, with emphasis on physical and social indicators. This research is a descriptive-analytical and survey method. In order to identify the research indicators (public spaces, buildings, transportation, safety, housing, medical and health services, rehabilitation of the elderly and social respect, social participation and welfare indicators) Has been. Cronbach's alpha is 0. 74% and acceptable. For analyzing descriptive and inferential statistics, data were analyzed using SPSS software LISREL. The results of the research show that among the physical dimensions, with regard to 0. 48, the index of public space and buildings (access to parks and green spaces with sports facilities) and among the social dimensions, the components of reverence for the elderly (0. 49) are the highest Ranked. So that the physical dimensions of 0. 49 and social dimensions are 0. 33% of the variance of the egalitarian city's realization. In fact, the results of the Likert spectrum also showed these differences, so that in the index of public space and buildings, the option of parks and green spaces with 40. 8%, the transport index (the proportion of service in transportation stations with 2 / 33%) Housing index (low cost housing with 58. 2%) Health and Medical Services Index (easy access to medical services with 53. 2%) Senior Citizens' Indicator (Social Relationship) and Social Inclusion Index Social inclusion of the elderly (63. 2%) has the most consistent choices among the statistical population.

Informal settlements, as a major social, economic, physical, etc. challenge, especially in developing countries cities, are the main cause of cities in the world. Therefore, attention and strategic planning for it is a fundamental necessity Main aim in this research was strategic planning in order to informal settlements empowerment of payam – e – noor town of Dezful. The research methodology based on cognitive, descriptive – analytic & data collection method was surveyed. Its questionnaires designed by the writers Using VIKOR &SWOT models for data analysis. The statistical population consisted of experts of informal housing from; official, public& private sectors, which consisted of 60 individuals that selected in targeted samples. The results showed; low cost of households as the most important strong factor, potential of informal employments as the most important weakness factor, legalization of residential documents as the most important opportunity factor & tendency of children to drop out of education for Entering informal labor market & helping financing family as the most important threat factor. Therefore, according to final scores of internal points, could be said that in the spatial organization of Payam-e-Noor-e-Dazful, the weaknesses & strengths points are not superior to each other and both of them are moderate. There are also threats faced by the external environment for informal settlement with equal opportunities in Payam-e-Noor town of Dezful.

The metropolises have a considerable population and are full of man-made spaces. Taking advantage of the resilience approach of urban land use allows urban planners and managers to minimize the probability of physical and financial damage when natural disasters occur with sufficient preparedness. The purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and factors affecting structural-natural resilience and to determine indicators of urban land use resilience in Tehran's 4th district. The present study belongs to the applied research group. Librarian and field method were used for data collection. The theoretical framework of the research was developed in the form of a library method by reviewing the theoretical and empirical texts related to the subject of research. Criteria and factors affecting land use resilience were reviewed by sources and a questionnaire was used to prepare the final list of criteria and their prioritization. After completing the questionnaires by 20 faculty members and experts in urban and rural planning, environmental planning and urban planning, the criteria were weighted by FANP method. Ground cover extracted from Landsat 2017 satellite imagery was categorized into ENVI 4. 8 software. The stratified layers were then grouped in fuzzy IDRISI environment and in ARC MAP. The effect of weight of each of the effective criteria on the resilience of the layers and the composition of the maps was determined by the resilience. The results show that the average structural-natural resilience of land use in this area is 0. 86 and resilient.

Considering concepts such as creative economics, creative industries, creative environments, creative class and creative city and presented by policymakers and their consultants, the present era is undergoing a socio-economic transition. Investigating where creativity is the engine of urban, regional and national economic growth The purpose of the present study is to develop a desirable creative city model for Tehran metropolis. In this research, data collection has been done as library-documentary and survey. 15 non-randomly selected samples were selected from the statistical population of creative city researchers and Delphi method was used in the form of expert opinions to formulate the desired model. Experts' opinions of 63 indicators were extracted in 5 components of human capital and creative class, environmental capabilities, diversity, technology, research and development and globalization to move Tehran towards creative city. In addition, the results of the research and their summary and identification of three strategies "creative class", "creative industries and knowledge base" and "creative tourism" to realize the creative city in Tehran were identified and extracted. In the context of the creative class strategy, the emphasis is on maintaining, absorbing, but prioritizing the preservation of this creative and innovative human capital. The strategy of the creative and knowledge-based industries seeks to increase the economic share of these industries. It also emphasizes on maximizing the attraction of domestic and foreign tourists in the creative tourism strategy. These three strategies are also achieved through five components of human capital and creative class, environmental capabilities, diversity, technology, research and development and globalization and sub-indicators that have a direct impact on the realization of these three strategies, and each of them They also have an impact on each other.