JOURNAL OF CELL & TISSUE
Year:2020 | Volume:10 | Issue:4|Papers Count:6

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on HSPA2 expression in testes and sperm parameters in diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Two-month-old male wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each group): control (C), diabetic (D) and diabetic training (DT). Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The DTrats were conditioned to run on a treadmill for the 8-week period. 48 hours after the last session, the testes were removed, and subjected to histological examination, semen analysis and total RNA was isolated from testes to measure by RTqPCRHSPA2 mRNA expression level. The variance analysis test were applied to analyze the data (P<0. 05). Results: Findings show that the D group had a decrease in sperm count (P=0. 01), motility (P=0. 001), as well as increase in abnormal sperm morphology (P=0. 001). Furthermore, in the D group, HSPA2 expressionin testicular tissue was significantly reduced (P=0. 01). Unlike the D group, in the DT group sperm count (P=0. 04) and viability (P=0. 02), and HSPA2 expression (P=0. 03) were elevated. Conclusion: In rat testes, diabetes down regulates HSPA2 expression, which is collectively detrimental to semen parameters. Exercise protected effectively against this detrimental effect.

Aim: In the past decades, nanotechnology has received much attention in order to develop new drug delivery systems to overcome the limitations of routine drugs in the treatment of diseases. Nanotechnology offers very useful applications in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, as nanomaterials can penetrate into body tissues at the cellular and molecular levels. Materials and methods: In the present study, samarium nanoparticles were synthesized by the extract of ginger using green chemistry synthesis method. The size of the synthesized nanoparticles was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique and formation of new functional groups was investigated by FT_IR technique. The morphology of the nanoparticles was determined using FESEM scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of samarium nanoparticles were studied against human colorectal cancer cell line of HCT116 after 24 and 48 hours incubation times using tetrazolium colorimetric assay (MTT assay). Results: Dynamic light scattering data in agreement with Fe-SEM data revealed the formation of globular nanoparticles of 60 nm. Cell survival assay showed Ic50 values (the concentration of the compound that induces 50% death in cancer cells) of 90 (equal to 23. 1  g/ml) and 81 μ M (equal to 20. 7  g/ml) of samarium nanoparticles on HCT116 cell line after 24 and 48 hours incubation times, respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that the newly green synthesized samarium nanoparticles with anticancer activity might be a good candidate for colon cancer therapy.

Aim: In this study, the alteration of the Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene, as the most important gene involved in Parkinson's disease, was investigated using CRISPR-Cas editing technology. Material and methods: Cloning the guide molecules of interest was performed using of gRNA CRISPR cloning kit (Catalog No. C8324K, Zaver Zist Azema). Two sets of forward and reversed gRNA oligonucleotides for exon 41 of the LRRK2 gene were designed using the CHOPCHOP CRISPR guide gRNA designing web software. Double-stranded DNA molecules were made according to standard instructions in the laboratory. 20 base-pair DNA segments were used to generate RNACas-9 enzyme complex and then ligated into the Px459 CRISPR eukaryotic expression vector using Fermentas DNA ligase enzyme. Recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli DH5a host competent cells using of heat shock method. Results: findings by multiple PCR experiments and also DNA sequencing blast analysis showed successful cloning the segments of interest into CRISPR plasmids. Clear PCR bands were in agreement with expected values and DNA sequencing results showed 100% similarity. Conclusion: According to the results, development of CRISPR vector system may be used as a wide and powerful tool for editing and alteration of many encountered genes in different diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Aim: Thepurpose of this study is the investigation of the effect of aqueous and ehanolic plant extracts including neem, clove, thyme and lavender on the increase storage life via decrease of reactive oxygen and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Material and methods: In this study, it was extracted of the neem, clove, thyme and lavender with aqueous and ehanolic solution, then the orange fruits was treated with 2×1000, 4×1000 and 6×1000 concentration of plant extract and chitosan and vax. The treated fruits were stored in the storage with 7C and 80-90% humidity. The enzyme activity and the related genes expression was evaluated per twenty days to 100 days in the orange fruits. In the other section of study, it was done the panel test. Results: The results showed the activity of catalase was affected with plant extracts. The treated orange fruits with 6×1000 concentration of ethanolic lavender extract showed the least catalase activity, with 2. 13; the least peroxidase activity was observed in the fruits treated with aqueous lavender extract with 6×1000 concentration. The ethanolic and aqueous of lavender extract affected on the catalase and peroxidase gene expression with 5. 28 and 6. 66 respectively. Conclusion: the results of this study showed the extracts of neem, clove, thyme and lavender have highly effect on the plant physiology and they decreased the enzyme activity and the genes expression.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the apoptotic effect of the alcoholic extract of black seed on HL-60 cancer cells. Material and Methods: In this study, concentrations of 350, 650, 950 and 1250 µ gml of Nigella sativa alcoholic extract were added to HL-60 cancer cells for 24 h. MTT assay was applied to find out the portion of living cells. Likewise, PI staining for flow cytometry was performed to determine whether black seed extract inhibits the proliferation of HL-60 cells by modulating cell cycle progression and apoptosis, then AO/EB staining of HL-60 cells was performed to detect apoptosis and necrosis patterns. Results: MTT assay showed that in comparison with the control group, alcoholic extract of black seed killed 50% of HL-60 cell in the concentration of 650 µ gml-1 and based on the concentration, more cell death was caused at the higher concentration. Also, a substantial increase in G0/G1 phase cells was observed from 15. 2% in the control group, up to 51. 65% in the group was treated with 650 µ gml-1. It was also found that the concentration of 650 µ gml-1-1 induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells, while at higher concentrations of 950 and 1250 µ gml-1 caused HL-60 cells necrosis compared to the control group.

Aim: This study was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia sieberi and its effect on the cell cycle in the SKBr3 breast cancer cell line. Material and Methods: In this study, hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia was prepared. SKBr3 cells were exposed to different concentrations (1, 10, 100, 1000 µ gml ) of extract at two different time intervals of 24 and 48 h. We employed MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis to evaluate effects of the prepared extract on the cell cycle characteristics and its cytotoxic properties. -1 Results: Based on the data obtained from the MTT test, the highest toxicity of the extract observed at the concentration of 1000 µ gml within 48 h after the extract exposure. The IC50 of hydroalcoholic extract was 150 and 50 µ gml-1 at 24 and 48 h, respectively. According to the data obtained from flow cytometry analysis, the extract arrests cell cycle in 24 and 48 h treatment groups. -1 Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia at certain concentrations inhibits the growth of SKBr3 breast cancer cells by ceasing cell cycle step.