BIANNUAL JOURNAL OF URBAN ECOLOGY RESEARCHES
Year:2018 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (17)|Papers Count:8

The purpose of the present study was to understand the nature, type and contribution of the migration factors (repulsive, gravity, extraneous and personal) in migrating from village to the city and its impacts on the instability of Birjand city. The type of research was applied with descriptive-analytical nature, which was carried out by using surveying technique. The statistical population of the study consisted of all rural households living in Birjand, being determined by using the Cochran sample size formula, and 329 households were determined. The survey samples were selected by using random sampling method. SPSS and Excel software were applied to analyze the data. According to the results, the social implications of housing in the city showed that there were more negative social impacts for immigrants after migrating to the city. Among the impeding factors of rural migrants, socio-occupational parameters have had the greatest impact, after which economic, educational and research, cultural and religious, natural and political, factors were in the next category. Among the natural variables of "recent droughts", the most important factor was repulsion and among the economic factors "access to business and work" and "more income in the city" were the most imperative factors of attraction.

People and poverty reduction in the country's economic well-being is basically one of the main objectives of economic development programs. One way of measuring poverty is through economic indicators. The aim of this study was to answer the question that what has been trend of poverty and extreme poverty in urban areas of the Province during the period (2008-2011)? The study, based on data from the Statistical Centre of Iran and the price of the food basket through the Central Bank were achieved for a 4-year period (1998-2001). Inspired by the methods of relative poverty, absolute intensity has been investigated. Results show that inflation has an average ascending of 6. 9% and the cost of supplying standard food basket during the mentioned period has increased by about 32%. The results also indicate that relative average monthly urban growth line using was 35. 3%, and the intensity of poverty relative to average growth method was equivalent to 20. 5%, and finally the absolute poverty line using monthly average has increased by 18%.

The aim of this study was to apply smart urban growth indices in Urmia city, with an emphasis on three dimensions of social, economic, physical (infrastructure) and environmental access aspects. The research method was descriptive-analytic. In this regard, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) for weighted indexes, and the ELECTRE version were used for leveling areas. The results showed that a region with a score of (1) in the first place and the third and fourth with a score of (0), the second and in the end zone with a score of two (2) have been in third place. The results also show that urban areas of Urmia in proportion to the smart urban growth indicators, prove significant differences that need to be remarked for further development of the city. Paying special attention has to be allocated to deprived areas by considering the results, due to the smart urban growth pattern in four regions of Urmia which are in inevitable category.

The aim of this study was to compare the average of urban management indices in the dimensions of globalization on physical and human resources of Esfahan. The research method was analytical-comparative and has been performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was experts in urban areas of Esfahan municipality. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software and CSPP test were used. According to the results, the highest ranking urban management indicators with regard to globalization on the body and the changing city of Esfahan, were the six municipalities while the other five municipalities in the region were the lowest.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the ecological bearing capacity of residential development in Semnan. The research approach being applied was descriptive-analytic. Data were collected by using the documentary method. Results of the calculations showed that the capacity to withstand land and water resources in Semnan, were 0. 960091 and 0. 003529, respectively. The prediction of population in the coming years also indicates that the capacity to tolerate land resources will be completed in 1405, and the capacity to withstand water resources is already in crisis and at the frontier of warning. In the future years it will also change to more critical conditions. From the estimations, it can be concluded that the ecological bearing capacity for habitation in Semnan will not be stable in the coming years not being able to respond the demand of the citizens and the water.

The goal of the present study was to evaluate and measure the impact of environmental and socio-economic characteristics of the functional corridors on the citizens' travel patterns in Hamedan city. The type of research was applied descriptiveanalytical method. Sample size for three functional corridors (Shariati, Mirzadeh Eshghi, Saeidiyeh) were determined in the study region by adapting Cochran formula (225, 290 and 265 respectively). Simple random sampling method was used. SPSS software was applied to analyze the data. The results of this study indicated that apart from the environmental characteristics and functional corridors in the spatial structure of the city, hidden factors such as socio-economic features of functional corridor played a decisive role in the formation of the patterns of displacement. According to the research findings, the effect of environmental characteristics on the citizens' journey pattern in these corridors was greater than the impacts of economic and social characteristics. As a result, due to this function and related travel pattern (public transportation) and the influential environmental characteristics (travel distance and travel length), it was possible to provide a public transportation system in these corridors and extend it to other areas.

The goal of this research is investigation of CDS index in3rd region of Shiraz for improving current situation and its role in achieving urban sustainable development. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic. In this way, by using Cochran method and the society of 205775 citizens, the sample size of 384 persons is determined. For reliability test, Cronbach' Alpha and for validity one, exploratory factor analysis is used and by using pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression test, data were analyzed. Based on results, the average of livability criteria equals 3. 08 and the bankability one is 2. 81 and this average for good urban governance equal 2. 16. According to theoretical middle-2. 5-, it is mentionable that 3rd region of Shiraz municipality has good situation in having CDS criteria. And the mentioned criteria – livability, competiveness and good urban governance have meaningful relation. But bankability can have the most effect in improving CDS approach in 3rd region of Shiraz municipality.

The present study addresses the pathology of urban hospitals with the view of passive defense in Qom City. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the study population includes Qom's hospitals. To achieve the goal, the hierarchical weighting method and weighted histograms of each of the threat indicators were evaluated. According to the results of the research, the highest score was related to the bombing threats. After assessing the threats against the hospital, the identification and prioritization of the assets of the hospital revealed that the delivery and surgical departments were more important in the hospital while the dining had the lowest score.