STRATEGIC STUDIES OF PUBLIC POLICY (STRATEGIC STUDIES OF GLOBALIZATION JOURNAL)
Year:2020 | Volume:10 | Issue:36|Papers Count:13

The increase in divorce in Iran has become a social issue. The lack of policymaking in this area has resulted in taking hasty, temporary, and ineffective measures, as well as doing numerous useless and repetitive actions. Since it has become a cultural and a social issue, this problem requires a pre-determined model and unity. This article draws on Sprigen's theory to design a socio-cultural policy to reduce the problem of divorce or at least prepare a comprehensive approach for a healthy marriage. As such, the researcher at-tempted to provide an appropriate solution by drawing on existing research and studies of divorce in the social and psychological fields and examining their strengths and weaknesses. Then by identifying the most important causes, it is hoped that by providing a suitable solution, a better future for Iranian society in the field of marriage can be drawn.

The discussion of the inefficiency and failure of Iran's urban master plans and the governance institutions' resistance to reforms highlighted the need to investigate the inefficiencies. The research began with this question: from where is the root of the criticisms and inefficiencies raised? This research is of qualitative type with an exploratory aspect conducted by the Straussian model, the data documentary search (70 articles), and purposeful interview (20 experts). The collected data were categorized in the form of open coding, axial coding, and selected coding. The study results were confirmed and approved by the participants with "Cresol questions Assessment. " The aim is to shed light on the underlying causes of inefficiency in urban construction plans. The findings of the study were categorized in 10 fields of "macrostructure of Iran's urban planning", and structures of "political", “ law and legal", “ administrative and organizational", “ decision-making", “ urban planning", “ leadership", “ power", “ evaluation” and “ monitoring and observation” . These categories showed that the most important underlying causes of inefficiencies are “ lack of common planning language", “ weakness in “ policymaking and policy-taking", “ lack of integrated legal structure", “ disproportionate organizational structure", “ centralized decision system", “ incompatible master planning model", “ incompatibility of the management system", “ inappropriate interference of power elements", “ lack of evaluation structure” and the “ inefficiency of the monitoring and oversight structure” . These causes result in applying the current method and planning model, which is incom-patible with the Iranian planning environment.

The present study examines the moderating role of fair ruling in the relationship between globalization and economic growth in developing countries. Four models were used in this study, and the coefficients of indices in these four models were measured with and without control indices. The method of data analysis using the unbalanced panel data method is the GLS. The study used data from 132 developing countries between 2007 and 2017. The model estimation results show that the governance index has a positive and significant effect on the economic growth index. The globalization index has a positive and significant impact on economic growth. Finally, good governance is a moderating variable in the relationship between globalization index and economic development and has a positive and significant effect. The results show that good governance by providing business and investment opportunities can enhance globalization's impact on economic growth. A good ruling by focusing on improving the economy's efficiency contributes to global growth and expansion.

Policy networks are one of the new elements in policymaking. Networks can create links to increase participation between policymakers to achieve their goals. Given the policymaking process in our country and the spread of administrative corruption, the need for policy networks to overcome such problems is felt. The present study investigates the role of policy networks in promoting the administrative health of public organizations. In this study, a mixed research method with the sequential exploratory design was used. The statistical population consisted of influential players in government agencies identified and interviewed using a homogenous sampling method. After analyzing the interviews, 160 primary themes were identified, of which 21 basic themes, 13 organizer themes, and five general themes were extracted. Finally, the results of the qualitative studies led to pattern counting and testing using the survey method. The results show that policy networks can act effectively in achieving administrative health by extending participation and collaboration, establishing co-ordination and communication between staff and units, improving supervision and control, emphasizing the structural dimensions of the organization, and social and cultural factors of employees.

Risks and stress in economic, political, environmental, and social areas have been rising in recent years. So the issue of resilience is of great importance. A society can succeed in human-made and natural disasters when institutions are resilient in the face of these events. A resilience system can absorb temporary or permanent stress without losing society's functions and adapt to changing circumstances. The first step in social resilience assessment is the identification, classification, and prioritization of criteria and indicators. In this study, by document analysis and review of studies in the field of social resilience, we investigated the classification and prioritization of criteria and indicators. Seven criteria groups of social, managerial-structural, economic, cultural, psychological, spiritual, and environmental were identified and classified according to 16 main criteria, 42 sub-criteria, and 379 indicators. Most of the indicators belong to the social and managerial-physical criteria group. Prioritization at three levels of criteria group, main criteria, and sub-criteria showed that social criteria group is the main index of social capital, and sub-criteria of social infrastructure and social cohesion had the highest priority.

The purpose of this research is to investigate and explain the trilogy infrastructure relationships with organizational performance in the service-rich and knowledge organization of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (RA) as a state-downsizing organizational model. The research method is descriptive, correlational, field and survey. Generally, it is quantitative and developmental research. Based on the sampling criteria of the confirmatory factor analysis and structural models that are tested by partial least squares (PLS), 260 subjects are selected to collect data. The data collection tools were two standard questionnaires whose validities and reliabilities were confirmed by related tests. The separation of the second questionnaire is due to its extended dimension to the basic model and indicative of the developmental model of the research. The study results show significant impacts between existing arguments (knowledge management strategies, Heuristic organizational structure, human resource management, and organizational performance) and the necessity of designing and implementing the organizational mechanism resulting from the present integrated model. These prescriptive results can be used as a source of study and action in organizations with a tendency to provide comprehensive services (state-downsizing) to achieve excellence.

For many years, the street children's issue has been the agenda of various governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran. However, for multiple reasons, there is still no comprehensive and desirable solution to control and reduce this issue. By analyzing the content of available resources, this research seeks to address the pathology and the causes of failure in organizing street children in Iran. The study's findings indicate that the ambiguity in the recognition and definition of the problem, duplicate works, the interference of institutional duties, lack of macro-policy and instability, and the continuous and radical changes in the policies are the most critical problems of organizing the street children in Iran. This study recommends that regulating policies (including various laws and regulations adopted by multiple institutions) should shape street children's organization in a policy package. The tasks of the institutions and the executive agencies should be carefully set and far-reaching so that the functions of different institutions in various aspects of the street children's problem are identified and be away from useless activities of executive agencies in this area.

In recent decades, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have become increasingly important as the third pillar of democracy and civil society representatives. The study aims to analyze NGOs' role in the process of public policymaking in Iran and the five European countries and their extent of participation in this process. This research is a qualitative study, descriptive by purpose and library by method, based on document analysis and the development research approach. The countries of England, Hungary, Estonia, Croatia, and Romania were selected to conduct a comparative study according to the history of the presence and activities of NGOs. Accordingly, detailed analyses of these countries, based on the criteria of the context of the activity of these organizations, supportive documents and policies, institutional mechanisms, and the fields of their participation in the public policymaking, were carried out. Some countries have adopted comprehensive laws in the parliament or the government to support NGOs' activities and have provided formal structures and committees for consultation with civil institutions. Besides, by using physical and virtual tools and formal processes, capacities for NGOs' participation in the process of policymaking from problem analysis to the formulation of the agenda and approval of the policy have been provided. Iran continues to suffer from the lack of a comprehensive law for NGOs' activity, and there are no specific structures to engage these organizations in the public policymaking process.

Considering that a large part of society, inductees and their families, are influenced by military service, its optimal management can positively affect the individual and organization. One of the aspects that influence public military service productivity is managing different functions of military service. The primary purpose of this paper is to formulate a policy model for public military service functions. The grounded theory method has been used for theorizing and providing the model. To collect the required data, in addition to interviewing the experts, the upstream documents and related reports were also examined, and the qualitative data were analyzed during the three stages of open, central, and selective coding. The research findings show that the primary function of public military service is defense and security, but with the increase in the level of education and competencies of draftees, the use of soldiers in economic, social, and cultural fields not only leads to higher effectiveness of military service but also increases the satisfaction of the inductees. Some new functions of public military service proposed to be on policymakers' agenda are regional development, development of deprived areas, rural development, and development of small and medium enterprises. This is because the government cannot fully provide the services required in these areas due to financial and structural constraints. But, utilization of public military service in these new functions requires measures such as reforming laws and regulations, sensitizing, institutionalizing, formulating a strategic document for the conscription, and structural reforms.

In the last five decades, the construction of reservoirs has paved the way for more than eighty million people to move from their place of residence to other sites worldwide. According to researchers' data and information, more than two million people have been affected by dam construction in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the social and cultural effects and consequences under the influence of two dam reservoir management methods, critique these two policies, and why the occurrence of social and cultural impacts and outcomes, and identify causal, contextual, intervening, strategic, and consequences. This is the first experience at the national level. The research method is qualitative, and the background theory technique has been used. This study's participants were 85 local informants and experts (villages in the Kuchari reservoir area, including 38 people and villages in the Azad reservoir area, including 47 people) who were interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire (individual interviews and focused group discussion). Data were analyzed based on three open coding methods, axial coding, and selective coding. The interviews' analysis results include 1213 general concepts presented in 252 sub-categories, 39 main categories, and 2 main categories. The research findings based on the paradigm model show the relative stability of the social and cultural sphere in the policy of relocation and resettlement and the disintegration of the social structure and cultural context in monetary compensation policy. The research results based on the paradigm model show the relative stability of the social and cultural sphere of influence in the policy of relocation and resettlement and the disintegration of the social structure and cultural context in monetary compensation policy. The study's findings can be considered in line with the need to change approaches, amend legal bills, appoint a trustee in the social field, and the need to monitor and evaluate the social and cultural effects of projects.

The current study seeks to provide a useful model of military service policy by using macro-national factors. The research methodology is based on institutional analysis, and the research method is combined. Using the combined research method and expert analysis, formal institutions and their impact on military service policy-making are examined. The researcher explores six major national components that influence military service policy. Socio-cultural status, demographic change of army organizational structure, technological developments, specialization of wars, economic status of society, and Iran's geopolit-ical status influence military service policy in this study; therefore, the researcher has designed the initial model of research based on these six components. Using the Delphi technique and presenting a questionnaire to the community of experts, the data, the views, and opinions of experts were collected in three rounds. Then, using the binomial test and the correlation test to measure the impact of macro-national components on military service policy, in fact, the original model test. Thus, the final policy model of military service has been approved. This study aimed to present a military service policy model with an emphasis on the socio-cultural situation in Iran. To overcome the problems of military service policy-making, the researcher has provided executive suggestions in military service policy-making.

Spatial justice in health is one of the most critical dimensions of sustainable development. Sustainable development cannot be achieved without a healthy population. On the other hand, population health cannot be maintained without a healthy environment and a strong economy. This article aimed to identify the spatial distribution pattern of health facilities in Golestan Province. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the source of data is the statistical yearbook of 2011. Data were analyzed using statistical methods such as TOPSIS, cluster analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results indicate the unequal spatial distribution of Golestan province cities regarding the level of health care. Gorgan City has the highest and Gomishan City the lowest level of health care. Distance from the center of the Province is one of the most important factors affecting spatial inequality. Spatial justice needs to reduce the gap in the level of enjoyment between the cities of the Province.

Cities are characterized by dynamic interactions between social, economic, and biophysical forces. Cities are increasingly exposed to global influences, and rising economic, cultural, and political trends on a global scale are prerequisites for understanding urban changes worldwide. This paper attempts to provide a conceptual framework through which a dialogical analysis of power relationships in the formation of global construc-tion becomes possible without losing sight of what is rooted in qualitative changes in social processes of interaction on a global scale. A significant factor in urban changes is the increased communication and interdependence of cities to global trends. Cities are increasingly exposed to global influences of rising economic trends, culturally and politically, worldwide. This is a prerequisite for understanding the city changes worldwide. In urban areas, the benefits and risks of globalization are more centered in a relatively small number of larger cities and towns. Besides, Cohen's review brings out the importance of localization (i. e. sub-national or local economic environment in terms of modern infrastructure, investment climate, and productive labor force) in the context of globalization and urbanization. Localization contributes to the competitiveness of cities and towns to attract investment and business, which, in turn, contributes to urban growth. From this viewpoint, globalization is implicitly linked to localization and calls upon the changing role and functions of state and urban local bodies.