Journal of Studies on Iranian Islamic City
Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:36|Papers Count:6

Among the patterns of building a city, a, polycentric cities pattern of larger cities is true, as experience has shown that smaller cities, especially historic cities, often have a metropolitan core, usually located in the central geometric and historical boundaries of the city. This is due to the physical development of large cities towards the periphery, urban sub-centers, and the city’ s multi-core spatial structure gradually emerges. The present paper aims to identify the evolution of the spatial structure of the metropolis of Qom from the viewpoint of the nuclei and urban centers, especially in the last three decades. The idea of this research was that the specific characteristics and functions of the city prevented the city from becoming a part of the city’ s central depopulation, as compared to other similar cities. For analyzing data, quantitative methods including general G and LISA statistics, standard deviation and kernel density functions have been used in Arc Gis 10. 3 software. The results of the research show that the metropolis of Qom despite its special religious features and its second rank in the religious cities of the country after the holy Mashhad, like many other major Iranian-Islamic cities, have been shown to accelerate urbanization and the physical and diffuse development of urban texture during the year. From 1986 to 2016. During this process, the central part of the city still retains many of its functions, and despite the relative burnout and physical barriers and constraints, it is now considered to be the most important urban core in the metropolis’ s spatial structure. Consequently, the metropolis of Qom is rapidly increasing due to the rapid increase in population and extent (horizontal expansion), as well as the formation of some urban centers, nodes and sub-centers, although it is changing to several cities, but because of specific religious features and Its extensive functions in the central part of the city are still known as a Single-core city dominated by the city’ s historical core.

Based on today’ s scientists point of view, playing is not only a joy for children but also their life. He will gain and improve his needed future life skills by playing. hence it is important to pay extra attention to children’ s playgrounds especially in scale of a muhallah which is their main social life base ground. This project has two main goals: 1) to find urban designing basics in order to improve quality of children and juveniles play grounds in scale of muhallah area. 2) some steps forward to revive domestic persian games by providing proper places for muhallah. in the beginning of this project the method of study was based on “ quality meta analysis “ and in the following SWAT analysis method was chosen in order to make structured analysis of case studies. According to results of this study, there are bunch of factors that matter to be able to meet all the requirements. Safety and security are the very first thing parents ask beside that a play grounds should be interesting for kids too. The key to make a play ground interesting is to meet variety. Absence of diversity is the main reason children focus on computer games and stay less in the play fields and fewer age groups get involved. in the mean while using persian games, as an intangible heritage of our culture and history can insert a little bit of culture to games atmosphere and reduce Individualism, as our culture propunds social activities a lot.

The present study aimed to determine the role of egalitarianism and hospitality on continuity of residence and structure in Gomishan houses. To achieve a better perception of the formation of space in Turkmen houses, social structure of this tribe should be evaluated and then, these two cultural elements, which have a profound effect on the continuity of residence in different houses from “ Oy” (traditional cottage) to “ Tom” (duplex wooden house), ought to be elucidated. The current research is important in terms of the fact that it defines how spaces and activities are divided in Turkmen houses in Gomishan, which had not been studied before. The present study was formulated in order to examine the role of two prominent cultural attributes, i. e. egalitarianism and hospitality, on the architecture of Gomishan houses. Theoretical principles of this research are based upon the effect of the influence of culture on the formation of houses among different tribes in the past. This study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach along with a comparative method. For this aim, social and cultural principles of Turkmen people were recognized according to library evaluation and field observations and data collection was carried out accordingly. Consequently, two main attributes of social life in this tribe, i. e. egalitarianism and hospitality, were taken into account and their effects on Turkmen architecture were evaluated. In this study, egalitarianism and hospitality were considered as independent variables and the structure of Gomisan houses was regarded as dependent variable. The results acquired from the current research revealed that the structure and space divisions in Gomishan houses are completely equal and they are directly influenced by Egalitarianism, which is rooted in their thoughts and beliefs. Furthermore, the basis of the formation of these houses was for serving guests, which is directly influenced by their hospitality.

As death is an inevitable stage of human life, the cemetery has always been one of the main and unavoidable spaces of every human settlement, including Islamic Iranian cities. The present study has been carried out to analyze the organization of the cemeteries in the city of Isfahan from a native and Islamic perspective. The research methodology is qualitative and Sampling method is purposeful. In compared to local cemeteries (Decentralized approach) and Rezvan Garden (Centralized approach) results show that, in cemetery of the Rezvan Garden, it would be better service and hygienic and religious issues are being respected. In the case of Isfahan local cemeteries is easier access to them. local cemeteries have a more human scale and create social cohesion and with reinforcement of local cemeteries, the freedom of individuals is greater to determine the place of burial. As due to easy access to space of cemetery, strengthens the memory of death in society and the city and create the ultimate goal of space of the cemetery, which is a reminder to the live people.

The Sassanid dynasty gradually changed its political focus from Fars to the open and strategic land of Mesopotamia during the Middle and Late reign of Shapur II. Definitely, the purpose of this power transfer was to dominate the western borders and the fertile lands of Iraq and Khuzestan. The Central Zagros valleys were highly considered as the closest highlands to the political center during this period for the reasons including being located in the highway linking the imperial center with the political center, and its fertility and environmental diversity. The presence of the settlements from the Sassanid period with relatively higher densities than the environmental capability, being located in inaccessible natural valleys, being away from the main communication routes, and most importantly establishing them simultaneously. (so that all of these areas were on pristine soil and not built for the continuation of previous settlements). the archaeological evidence that demonstrate these centers as the remnants of Sasanian armies that had been active in the dispersed resistance and continued artistic and architectural life beyond the reach of Muslims. New archaeological excavations led to viewing a part of the architectural remains of aristocratic luxurious houses and residential homes. In addition to evaluating the functionality and age of the newly-explored sites, we consider questions such as how to link between the contemporaneous master buildings in the Simare area in this paper. The results indicated the continuation of the settlements from the Sassanid period until the early Islam; the pottery evidence strongly support this dating as well. Thus, this paper attempts to answer the question that “ what is the function of the obtained architectural remains and to what period do they belong? ” The present research has been based on the archaeological excavations in recent years, trying to explain architectural works with a descriptive-analytical approach.

Throughout history, markets have played a major undeniable role in shaping the cultural, national and native identity in Iranian-Islamic cities, so that the urban life is closely associated with the market. However, given recent changes in market dynamics and the emergence of modern supersized malls, serious concerns are being raised about the impact of these spaces on local identities. That said, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of construction and activity of large-scale shopping centers on the collective identity in general and neighborhood identity in particular. The authors’ primary assumption is that neighborhood (as a level of place identity) is a variable influenced by urban textures and is weakened by elements such as megamalls. Atlas Mall project (under construction) in the Niavaran district was chosen as a case study to investigate this hypothesis. A futurological approach was adopted in the research with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The current status of neighborhood identity was measured by a survey with a sample of 300 respondents who were the residents of three (immediate) surrounding neighborhoods. Referring to academic expertise, referring to informants and local experts, and also the studies on the impact of three operating shopping centers (Tirazheh, Arg and Kourosh) were used to predict the potential effects of Atlas Mall on the residents’ neighborhood identity. The findings show that the neighborhood identity in the three neighborhoods is strong (above average) and the impact of Atlas Mall on the residents’ identity is associated with (and under the influence of) six other key drivers: consumerism, the presense of foreign brands, modern architecture, traffic and transportation, crowdedness, and the price of real properties. It can be predicted that the impact of Atlas Mall on neighborhood identity will be gradual, so some planning and policy-making efforts can be done, before and after its inauguration, by urban managers or the project managers in order to reduce the impacts.