Iranian Journal of Nursing Research
Year:2019 | Volume:14 | Issue:2|Papers Count:11

Introduction: One of the main goals of public health is reducing the disability-related age in elderly. On the one hand, older women especially in the low social and economic class, more experience chronic diseases and disabilities therefore, it is important to be identified women at risk in order to improve their health according to their needs. Since the concept of health in elderly depends on the concept of active and inactive elderly therefore, in this study general health had been compared in active and inactive elderly women in Qom, Iran, 2018. Methods: This analytical descriptive study was conducted by using cluster samplingon 100 elderly women in the city of Qom that 50 elderly people were active and 50elderly were inactive. Data were collected byusing four tools including: demographic questionnaire, Abbreviated Mental Test (AMTs) (To identify cognitive problems and remove samples), Instrumental Activity of Daily living (IADL) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28). The research instrument was completed by asking of elders and analyzed in SPSS 22 using Independent T-Test. Results: In this study, there was significant difference between the active and inactive elderly women (P=0. 004), the general health of active elderly women were better than inactive (active elderly women 32. 24± 9. 22 and inactive 37. 62± 9. 24). Also, the mean of anxiety, depression in inactive elderly was higher and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0. 0001). However, there was no significant difference between the domains of physical signs and social functioning between the two groups. Conclusions: With increasing the elderly in country's population, it is necessary to pay more attention to keeping older women active and provide educational, counseling and welfare facilities for the elderly in order to ensure the health of the elderly in all aspects.

Introduction: Gender disorder or sexual dysfunction is a complex psychological problem and these patients are more vulnerable to psychological problems, such as anxiety due to gender issues and pressures on them. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of empowerment baced education on the anxiety of transgene patients under hormone therapy. Methods: The present study is a randomized clinical trial with 87 transgender patients in 1397 affiliated with the Tehran Welfare Center. The samples were selected based on inclusion. After explaining about goals and obtaining written consent, patients were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control. Demographic information questionnaires and Spiel berger's anxiety and history questionnaires were completed by both groups. In the intervention group, educated based on empowerment-based education (perception of threat, problem solving, training participation, and evaluation). For 3 months, follow up was conducted once a week by phone. In the experimental group 3 months after the intervention, and in the control group 3 months after completing the initial questionnaire by completing the questionnaires, the results were analyzed by using SPSS software version 24 and by descriptive ststistics, independent t-test, paired t-test and Fisher's Exact Test. P<0. 05 was considered meaningful. Results: According to the findings, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics and disease records before the intervention (P>0. 05). After intervention, it was revealed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in the mean of apparent anxiety (P = 0. 045). However, there was no significant difference in the mean of anxiety anxiety between the two groups (P = 0. 731). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, education had effect on clients' apparent anxiety; so it is suggested that educational nursing interventions should be designed and implemented to reduce the anxiety of these patients based on empowerment model.

Introduction: One of the most important features of the growing modern society is the impact of communication tools, especially on the Internet and mobile phones, which is undoubtedly affecting young people, especially the student population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the addiction to Internet and cell phone damage in nursing students in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 250 nursing students of Aliabad Azad University in a simple random sampling. Data collection tools included demographic information form, Young's Internet addiction scale (IAT), and Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale (COS). Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: This study showed that 89. 2% of injuries and 2. 4% of injuries and 8. 4% of injuries were not damaged. In terms of Internet addiction, 86. 4% were addicted, 0/08% had addiction and 12. 8% were addicted to the Internet. Also, there was a significant relationship between internet addiction and mobile phone damage (P < 0. 01). Conclusions: According to the findings of this research Nursing students are in a relatively good condition, however, in danger of being addicted to the Internet and mobile phone injuries. Therefore, holding workshops can help us adopt a more realistic approach to these devices.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of educational program based on the theory of planned behavior in preventing smoking in students. Methods: This research was a kind of method and in terms of collecting data in a semi experimental field. The research population was high school students in the district of Tehran, and a sample of 84 subjects was selected for each intervention and control group. The instrument of this study was a questionnaire of the proposed theory of cigarette smoking prevention from a sample of questionnaires used in the studies of Brothey et al., Abedini and colleagues, including 33 items that confirmed their reliability and reliability. The intervention included improving the attitude and abstract norms of smoking prevention behaviors in 4 training sessions of 60 minutes and 1 month (one session per week). Finally, to determine the normality of the skidding-elongation test, using independent t-test, chi-square and variance analysis to determine the hypotheses of the research, using normal t-test. Results: The findings of the study showed that planned behavior had a significant effect on knowledge, negative attitude, mental norms, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention and behavior (P < 0. 05). Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is suggested that by using education based on the theory of planned behavior that emphasizes on the important psychological factors of behavior or change, one can be aware of smoking, abstract norms and perceived behavioral control and improved overall smoking prevention behavior.

Introduction: Regarding the importance of mental exercises in mental health of individuals, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga based mindfulness on anxiety reduction and resiliency promotion in middle-aged women. Methods: The present study was semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study included all middle-aged women who referred to sports clubs in Kermanshah for enrollment in yoga classes, 30 of these subjects, whose score in anxiety was higher than the average and in resilience be lower, were selected and randomly assigned (Each has equal chance of being elected) to two groups. Both groups were pre-test and post-test before and after the intervention. The experimental group received 16 sessions of 75 minutes (weekly 3 sessions) under yoga practice. Data collection tools include Beck Anxiety Inventory (1999) and The Conner-Davidson Resonance Scale (2003). The collected data were analyzed by covariance analysis using spss-23. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in anxiety and resiliency. Results: The results of the findings indicated that between the two experimental and control groups after the mindfulness exercises, there was a difference in the level of anxiety score and resilience level, and this difference was significant at the level (0. 001). Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that yoga can be used as a convenient, affordable and lowcost treatment for the treatment of anxiety and promoting resilience in middle-aged women.

Introduction: Due to the increasing global prevalence of heart disease, it is necessary to identify the predictors and creating factors of these diseases in order to be effective in coping with them. Therefore, the present study aims to predict heart health behaviors based on Self-efficacy and attachment style. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational and the population consisted on all of people older than 25years old in Kermanshah in 1396 was selected by Convenience sampling method. A sample of 255 people was selected. Data were then analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and the regression analysis was analyzed. For gathering data Self-efficacy beliefs questionnaire (GSE-10), Harsan's attachment styles questionnaire, and Shaver's and Heart Health Related Behavior Control Questionnaire has been used. Results: The results showed that self-efficacy was positively correlated with control of cardio-related behaviors. The results showed that safe attachment style was positively associated with anxiety and avoidance attachment negatively with controlling health-related diseases the heart was in touch. Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded from the research findings that self-efficacy and attachment styles have the ability to predict heart health in people with heart disease.

Introduction: Workplace violence is common problems in nurses that causes burnout, tend to leave, and reduced productivity, increased absenteeism and mental disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of communication skills on the violence workplace of nurses working in the emergency department in a hospital of Najaf Abad in 1395. Methods: This quasi-experimental study using pretest-posttest control group was conducted on 44 nurses working in the emergency department of a hospital of Al-Najaf Abad. The samples were randomly divided into two groups (n = 22) and control (n = 22). Intervention in the form of an 8-hour workshop was conducted for the intervention group. Data gathered with demographic form and International Workplace Violence Questionnaire in pre-test and post-test; and analyzed by ANCOVA using PASW. The significant level for all the tests was 0. 05. Results: Nurses examined had no significant difference in age, sex, work experience, marital status. Based on the results of the covariance test, the two groups did not show a significant difference in the mean score of violence before the implementation of the communication skills training, but after implementing the communicative skills training program in the experimental group, all the dimensions of violence (verbal, physical, Racial and sexual) were significantly reduced, which was statistically significant. Conclusions: Considering the findings of high violence in emergency departments and the role of different factors in violence, so attention to the causes of violence and the holding of classes and workshops in the health center can be an effective step to reduce hospital violence against nursing staff.

Introduction: Identifying the factors associated with the job prospect of their promotion can be an effective step on the academic motivation and progress of the students. Since spiritual health is an important aspect of health that strengthens the mental function and adaptability of the individual and promotes general health, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and the job prospect of the students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 288 students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected based on a researcher-made questionnaire on job prospect hope and standard spiritual health instrument. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and percent) and analytical statistics (Linear Regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, t independent and one way ANOVA). Results were considered significant at a level less than 0. 05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of spiritual health was 90. 36 ± 15. 83 and the hope of job prospect was 76. 05 ± 10. 48. The findings of this study showed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between spiritual health and hope for job prospect (P < 0. 001). There was a significant relationship between the two dimensions of spiritual well-being (spiritual well-being and spiritual religious wellbeing) with the hope of a career future (P < 0. 001). Conclusions: Findings emphasize the importance of addressing the issue of spiritual health among students. As spiritual health increases the hope of the job prospect of students, itis suggested that administrators should pay special attention to the students' spiritual health and the solutions to improve it.

Introduction: The engagement of learning and academic achievement is the expectation of instructors and students of the teaching-learning process, which can be influenced by various factors, such as the characteristics of the teacher and his management style in the classroom. Determining which classroom management styles are more relevant to students' engagement and academic achievement can help the instructor in choosing a better classroom management approach. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between classroom management style and engagement to learning and academic achievement in nursing students. Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in 1394 at Nursing and Midwifery School of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The sample consisted of 23 teachers and 177 students who selected by counting all method. Data collection tools included modified PCMSA and UWES-S questionnaires and demographic data forms. After translating and redefining, both of their factual validity tools were confirmed by 4 experienced teaching nurses. In order to calculate the reliability of the classroom management practices questionnaire, the Kappa computational formula was used simultaneously for two observers, which was at least 0. 92. The reliability of the desire to learning questionnaire by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0. 87. The data was analyzed using spss16 software and analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANOVA and Gabriel, Spearman and Chi-square correlation coefficient). Results: Most teachers use 65. 2% non-interactive, 13% intermediate and 21. 7% interactive in classroom management. There was no significant relationship between classroom management practices and students engagement to learning (P = 0. 331), but there was a significant relationship between classroom management practices and students' academic achievement (P < 0. 001). There was also a significant, but weak, relationship between the engagement to learning and academic achievement in the interactive classroom management (r = 0. 33, P < 0. 001). Conclusions: According to the results, considering that the interactive management method has a significant relationship with the academic success of the students and has a meaningful but weak relationship with enthusiasm for studying, it is therefore proposed to use as a selective method with caution (due to the low volume Sample) to be used.

Introduction: Depression in the elderly is one of the most important issues in the field of psychological science. A review of research has shown that more than thirty-two percent of the elderly suffer from clinical depression at least once. Depression affects the elderly with problems such as poor social skills, negative self-concept, mental-physical, cognitive, and severe anxiety. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to reduce cognitive conflicts and negative selfcoming thoughts elderly patients with depression city Khorramabad. Methods: This quasi-experimental study in which the pretest-posttest control group was used. The sample consisted of 30 subjects from among the elderly (60 years and above) with depression Sheltered well-being of Khorramabad were selected and randomly assigned to experimental groups (based on acceptance and commitment therapy) and control group were assigned. Intervention in the experimental group received eight sessions of treatment based on acceptance and commitment. During this period, the control group received no intervention. To collect data reduce cognitive conflicts and negative self-coming thoughts Scale and Beck depression Inventory II scales the pre-test and post-test for both experimental and control groups were used. Results: Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Data analysis software program (SPSS. 21) was performed. The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups. The findings showed that the level of reduce cognitive conflicts and negative self-coming thoughts in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusions: Covariance analysis showed significant differences between the two groups. Results showed that treatment based on acceptance and commitment is effective in reducing cognitive conflicts and negative self-coming thoughts. It is suggested that acceptance and commitment therapy in relevant organizations, such as those of welfare, faced with elderly people with depression, be optimized to reduce cognitive conflicts and negative self-coming thoughts.

Introduction: Nursing profession faces a shortage of human resources due to increasing demand for health services. However hard working and some special problems in nursing increased intention to leave in nursing. Therefore, one of the most important challenges in the healthcare system is having employees with a strong commitment to the organization. This research conducted to determine organizational commitment and related factors among novice nurses. Methods: This was an analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted on March to May 2018. Research samples consisted of 600 novice nurses who were selected through quota consensus sampling from 26 hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using tools including personal work-related characteristics, the workplace incivility (Cortina, 2001), the workplace bullying behaviors (Escartí n, 2010), the negative affectivity (Price, 2001), the positive affectivity (Price, 2001), the promotional chance (Price, 2001) and the organizational commitment (Price, 2001) that were completed by novice nurses. Data analysis was carried out using Spearman’ s rho, Mann-Whitney, KruskalWallis, and Stepwise (LR) multiple logistic regression. Results: The mean score of organizational commitment was 3. 14 ± 0. 66 (range: 1-5). The results of linear regression indicated that workplace incivility (OR= 0. 70, C. I. 95%= 0. 55-0. 89, P= 0. 004), negative affectivity (OR= 0. 75, C. I. 95%= 0. 59-0. 97, P= 0. 030), positive affectivity (OR = 1. 33, C. I. 95% = 1. 01-1. 74, P= 0. 038), promotional chance (OR = 3. 41, C. I. 95% = 2. 33-5. 00, P˂ 0. 001), satisfaction with the salary (OR = 2. 65, C. I. 95% = 1. 62-4. 31, P˂ 0. 001) and interest in the nursing profession (OR= 2. 19, C. I. 95%= 1. 32-3. 62, P= 0. 002) could significantly predict nurse’ s organizational commitment. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, nursing managers can increase organizational commitment in novice nurses by increasing their chances of promotion, improving nurse’ s affections, eliminating mistreatments and increasing nurses' salaries.