Journal of Research in Environmental Health
Year:2020 | Volume:6 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

Background and Aim: Nowadays, environmental pollution is a major problem for human life. Dye is one of the most important environmental pollutants found in industrial wastewater, especially in textile industry wastewater. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate photocatalytic effect of green iron nanoparticles in degradation of Reactive red 198 dye. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed laboratory using a batch reactor under UV A irradiation. In this study, the effect of different variables including pH (3-11), dye concentration (10-100 mg/l), catalyst dosage (0/5-6 mg/l) and contact time (5-30 min) were investigated. The characterization of prepared nanoparticles were studied using different techniques such as TEM, FESEM and FTIR analysis. The obtained data were analyzed by Excel software. Results: the photocatalytic tests showed high performance of NPs for dye degradation as catalyst in photocatalytic process. The highest removal efficiency achieved 96. 2% at pH 3, catalyst dosage 3 mg/l, contact time 25 min, and for dye concentration 25 mg/l. Conclusion: the results show that the photocatalytic process using green iron nanoparticles can be used with a suitable function to removal of reactive red 198 from aqueous solutions.

Background and Aim: In recent years, concerns have been raised In context of the presence of a wide range of drug substances and antibiotics in aquatic environments. Usually these Compounds are formed due to the inefficiency of conventional wastewater treatment technologies, From various routes such as agricultural runoff, direct discharge from urban wastewater treatment plants, human waste products, direct disposal of medical waste, industry, etc. into aquatic environments. The present study aims to remove the penicillin G through electrofenton process in the aqueous solution. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on laboratory scale in tanks made of glass using iron electrodes with the volume of 400 cc. The device is equipped with a flow rate regulator and voltage regulator to control these variables. Urban alternate current forms the input to the devices. The tank was filled with synthetic penicillin G with a concentration of 50-200 mg/L. The removal of penicillin G at potential 26V, the intensity of the 0. 05-0. 6A, Time 0-120 min, pH: 3-12 and the distance between the electrodes was measured in the range of 1-4cm. Results: The aim of present study was to assess the potential of the processes of electrofenton, in the removal of penicillin G in aquatic environments. The results showed optimal removal in the pH value of 3, the electric current density 0. 6A, reaction time 20min, the concentration of antibiotic 50mg/l, and the distance between electrodes 1cm with concentration of H2O2 25mmol. in these circumstances, the results showed that electrocoagulation process is the ability to remove 100 percent of the pollutants. Conclusion: The results of this study illustrate that electrofenton process with iron electrodes is cost-effective removal of organic compounds.

Background and Aim: Nowadays the production of plastic materials has dramatically increased with the growth of population and the development of industry in the world. Micro-plastics are released into the environment by the decomposition of plastic materials. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called these particles emerging pollutants due to their highly durable and bioaccumulative nature. The present study reviews the characteristics, health hazards, values, as well as the efficiency of different methods of eliminating micro-plastics in aquatic environments. Materials and Methods: In this literature review, the keywords Micro-plastic, Water-drinking, Pollution, and Removal were searched and studied in articles from 2000 to 2020 published by Pubmed, Google scholar, Science direct, and Scopus. Results: Studies showed that in addition to the food chain, this pollutant is also present in bottled drinking water, which can affect human health, the environment and living organisms in aquatic environments. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that existent microplastic in the food chain and drinking water is due to their presence in the environment. Therefore, they can affect human health, the environment and other organisms that live in aquatic environments. Article type: A Literature review.

Background and Aim: Population growth and the increase in urban migration in the past decades have led to an increase in population density and size of major cities. Unfortunately, this kind of pollution has mostly gone unnoticed. The purpose of this study was to model the correlation between noise pollution level and landscape metrics of urban structures and vegetation. Materials and Methods: A number of 67 stations were selected in different parts of Isfahan and noise parameters were measured at peak traffic hours (16 to 19) during the fall of the year 2016. Sampling stations were located through a systematic-random method based on the amount of construction, green spaces and structural diversity. There were 27 types of landscapes and three stations were randomly selected in each. Results: In most stations, the noise level was above the permitted threshold(Residential 45-55, Residential-Commercial 50-60). IJI index measurements had the most stability and more uniform diagrams, at it was the first and second important index in most models. Considering the behavior of this Index, it can be an important factor in the study of landscape. Conclusion: The random forest advanced regression method was used for the analysis. the most effective metrics identified in different buffers were IJI index, FRAC_MN index, CLUMPY index, CONTIG_MN index, SHAPE_MN index, ENN_MN index. Also, checking of the first six metrics in each of the buffers and land uses showed the importance of the metrics is different. Identification of important metrics in each buffer and land use helps better design urban blocks and their arrangement.

Background and Aim: Atmospheric dust particles play a significant role in the transfer of chemical elements released from industrial and urban sources. So that the pollutants attached to these particles, can be transported over long distances and are as a function of meteorological conditions, the physical and chemical properties and nature of surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metal richness and degree of heavy metal contamination in atmospheric deposited dust in Tehran. Materials and Methods: Atmospheric dust samples were collected from eight locations in Tehran in 2018. Heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mn and Al) were analyzed in dust using ICP-MS. Metal richness and degree of contamination were determined using Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), degree of Contamination (Cd) and modified degree of contamination (mCd). Paired t-test, Pearson correlation and Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were also used for analysis. Results: The mean concentration trend of elements in the warm and cold seasons was similar and the highest concentration was as Al, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cu, and Cr, Ni, respectively. Results of enrichment factor index in atmospheric deposited dust showed that Pb and Zn in warm season and Pb and Cu in cold season were highly enriched. Paired t-test results showed a significant difference between Cu and Cr between seasons. Cluster analysis also showed Al of natural origin and other elements of anthropogenic origin. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that atmospheric deposited dust particles of Tehran contain high levels of pollutants especially in cold season. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate more effective and implementable policies to improve Tehran’ s air quality.

Background and Aim: Increasing agricultural activities and subsequently releasing pollutants from agricultural systems as well as expanding industries cause heavy metals (lead and cadmium) to enter the environment. Application of amendments are suitable methods for the inactivation of heavy metals in contaminated soils. Materials and Methods: In order to study the effect of organic amendments (bichar 640 and 420) and inorganic amendments (zeolite, bentonite, leca and pumice) on bioavailability of Pb and Cd during incubation time in a calcareous soil, a factorial test was conducted in a completely randomized design with 3 levels of amendments application in soil (0, 1 and 5 %) in three replications. Bioavailability of Pb and Cd in soil was determined using DTPA and EDTAextractable during 90-and 180-days incubation time. Results: Results showed an increase in concentration of DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd during the test. Application of biochar 640, bentonite and zeolite (5%) decreased concentration of EDTA-extractable Pb during the incubation time. Application of biochar (1%) were the most effective treatment in decreasing Pb concentration EDTA-exchangeable. Application of the organic amendments (biochar 640 and biochar 420) and inorganic amendments (pumice, leca bentonite, and zeolite) increased concentration of EDTA-extractable Cd during the incubation time. Application of 5% of zeolite showed the lowest increasing concentration of EDTA-extractable Cd during the incubation time. Conclusion: Organic amendments were more efficient in immobilization of Cd and Pb than the inorganic amendments. These results might due to the high amount of organic carbon and cation exchange capacity of the organic amendments than the inorganic amendments.

Background and Aim: In recent years, the construction of fish farms on the margins of the Mohammadabad Katoul River has increased significantly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the effluents of these fields on some of the river water quality factors. Materials and Methods: In this study, five sampling stations of 3 rainbow trout ponds were selected for seasonal water sampling in 1396 end of the sentence move to with 3 replications, 12 water quality parameters including dissolved oxygen, fecal coliform, pH, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, temperature, organic phosphate, nitrate, ammonium, turbidity, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity. Then, fixed effects of data were analyzed using significant test, and water quality was evaluated according to IRWQISC. Results: The results showed that the water of Mohammadabad Katoul basin is of medium to relatively good quality. The best water quality was observed in autumn with numerical value of 70. 5 and the worst water quality in summer with numerical value of 43. 3. The reasons for the relatively poor water quality in summer can be attributed to the high activity of the effluent from the fish ponds, such as reduced river discharge, as well as increased recreational activities in the river, agricultural effluents, rural wastewater discharge, and high livestock density. Area noted. Conclusion: In all seasons, water quality was higher than that of other stations during station 1 sampling prior to fish farming. According to the obtained index, it can be generally concluded that river water quality is suitable due to aquaculture activities.