Journal of Preventive Medicine
Year:2020 | Volume:7 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Since Social support received from the spouse and self-care are effective factors in controlling and preventing the complications of chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between social support received from spouse and adherence to self-care behaviors in patients with high blood pressure in Qom. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 211 patients with primary hypertension referring to urban health centers in Qom city during 2019. The participants were selected using available sampling method. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, a self-care behavior follow-up questionnaire, the Sherborne and Stewart social support questionnaire, a checklist for checking and recording systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and a standard hand sphygmomanometers. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The results showed that there was a direct and significant relationship between social support received from the spouse and the components of self-care behaviors including low-salt diet (P-Value<0. 01), medication regimen (P-Value=0. 008), weight management (P-Value<0. 001), physical activity (P-Value=0. 009), and not smoking (P-Value=0. 001). There was also a significant inverse relationship between social support received from spouse and systolic blood pressure (P-Value=0. 02) and diastolic blood pressure (P-Value=0. 017). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that social support received from spouse should be considered as a factor that affects the level of self-care behaviors and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure.

Introduction: Addiction is one of the most important social problems which is associated with many issues in the fields of medicine, psychiatry, family, employment, law, finance, and spirituality. The aim of this study was to determine high-risk behaviors related to substance use and associated factors in addicts of Imam Reza Hospital and Birjand health center. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The study population was 400 addicts who referred to Imam Reza Hospital and Birjand health center, which were selected using census sampling method. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed using Ki-square test, Fisher's accurate test, and logistic regression in SPSS software. Results: The mean age of the participants was 40. 40± 11. 89 years and 78. 3% of them were male. About 46. 8% of the participants had a history of smoking before starting drug abuse. Opium and alcohol were the most and codeine was the least commonly consumed addictive substances. The average of the times with attempts to treat addiction was 2. 43± 2. 92. The average time of being free from substance use was 5. 31± 5. 08 months. The reason for re-addiction in 26. 8% of cases was family problems and in 18% of cases it was being with friends. The regression model showed the significant relationship only between marital status and use of shared injection equipments. Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, there are many different factors and reasons resulting in addiction. It is possible to stop the addiction and high-risk behaviors of people by exploring and solving their social problems.

Introduction: Fish intake is known as a healthy dietary habit that can reduce cardiovascular risk factors, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cerebrovascular risks. Considering the geographical location of Hormozgan province as a costal area, current study was designed to assess the intake of this omega3-rich food item in towns, districts, and villages of Hormozgan Province. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, samples were selected according to the multistage random cluster sampling method. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic and fish intake variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: In total, 5074 people from Hormozgan province who were older than 18 years participated in the study. Out of which, 41% were male, 85. 2% were married, and 29. 8% were illiterate. Participants from Jask and Bandar lenge had the highest and Hajiabad had the lowest fish intake. In addition, 64. 9% of urban and 76. 8% of the rural population in Hormozgan Province had fish intake more than twice a week. This study showed a statistically significant relationship between fish consumption and residence place, level of education, monthly income, marital status, occupation, and age. Conclusion: Regarding the role of fish intake in community health and low fish intake in educated individuals, young people, and those with specialized jobs in Hormozgan province, it is necessary to conduct applied research to identify the fish consumption associated factors and to design effective interventions to increase fish consumption in the studied population.

Introduction: The comprehensive health plan of Pars Special Economic Energy Zone needs to be reviewed by senior managers in the priority setting phase. The aim of this study was to investigate the health challenges and solutions in Pars Special Economic Energy Zone from the perspective of senior managers. Methods: This is a qualitative study based on the content analysis method. The data were collected using structured interviews and group discussions with 40 senior managers who were governors and heads of health networks in three cities including Asalouyeh, Kangan, and Jam. Results: According to the viewpoints of the managers, environmental problems, lack of facilities for health services, prevalence of chronic occupational diseases, depression, and addiction are some of the important priorities of the comprehensive health plan. Providing suitable health conditions for all residents and achieving top rankings in environmental and health indices are some of the most desirable prospects for 1404. These prospects can be achieved by the formation of the health council and its secretariat, the participation of all stakeholders, the development of an annual operational plan that includes key and creative interventions, and the establishment of a primary health care system. Moreover, the criteria for organizing staff and resources should be in such a way that transferring and changing the managers does not stop the implementation of the program. Conclusion: Coordination and cooperation between key stakeholders, and the participation of indigenous people, immigrant residents, and workers, as well as supports that should be received from local and national managers at the relevant ministries, and establishing a survey system are the basic necessities for the implementation of the sustainable health development program in the region and the realization of its goals.

Introduction: Since the maternal death affects the family and society´ s health, recognizing the causes and finding the preventive measures is essential in order to reduce this type of death. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causes of mortality in pregnant women in Hormozgan province. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the study population was all pregnant mothers who died during the years 2011-2017. Data were collected from the records available at the hospitals and the health centers, the completed maternal death forms, and the interviews on maternal death. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software. Results: The rate of maternal death in Hormozgan province during the study period was 32. 76 cases per 100, 000 live births and the frequency of maternal death was 100. The most common cause of death was postpartum hemorrhage. The majority of deceased mothers were 18-35 years old (73%), with pregnancy interval more than three years (80%), delivery times less than 5 (87%), rural residents (57%), and wanted pregnancy (86%). The type of delivery was the cesarean section in the majority of mothers who died (60%). In addition, 75% of the mothers were died in hospitals and specialists and midwives helped them to deliver (91%). The highest mortality rate was related to post-delivery period (65%). Conclusion: In order to reduce the maternal mortality, it is recommended to provide high quality services to the villagers, promote the referral system, reduce the unnecessary cesarean sections, provide ambulance and hospital equipments, improve the level of knowledge and skills of staff, and follow up the mothers after delivery.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of low back pain (LBP) among nurses and to provide solutions to control the LBP risk factors using MAPO and PTAI risk assessment methods. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 480 nurses working in public hospitals in Khuzestan Province who were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of four sections, including the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire(NMQ), a demographic characteristic information form, and MAPO and PTAI checklists which were completed using field visits and observations. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16 software. Results: According to the results, 72. 92% of the nurses were suffering from LBP. Based on the evaluations performed by the MAPO method, 16. 66% of the respondents were at low-risk level, 60. 41% at moderate-risk level, and 22. 91% at high-risk level. However, the findings of the PTAI revealed that 23. 95% of the respondents were at risk level I, 52. 08% at risk level II, and 23. 95% at risk level III. According to the Chi-square test results, there was a statistically significant relationship between risk levels of both MAPO and PTAI methods and LBP. Conclusion: The results showed that an increase in the risk levels in both MAPO and PTAI methods, results in an increase in the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the lumbar region. Therefore, the accuracy and the appropriateness of these techniques are assured and it is concluded that both techniques are efficient and reliable to determine the musculoskeletal risk levels.

Introduction: Cydonia oblonga Mill is a plant native to Western Asia and has many nutritional and therapeutic properties. Due to the high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, the use of appropriate natural products is one of the most important goals of treatment diets. The aim of this study was to review the nutritional and medicinal properties of Cydonia oblonga Mill in the treatment of various diseases, especially non-communicable diseases, from the perspective of Persian and conventional medicine. Information sources: Various information resources such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Pubmed, SID, Magiran, and persian medicine reference books, were reviewed. Selection methods for study: In this study, the search was done with the keywords including Cydonia oblonga, medicinal properties, and nutritional properties in the titles and abstracts of articles. In total, 112 sources were found and 40 sources that had the inclusion criteria were selected and studied. Content and results: In Persian and modern medicine, many nutritional and therapeutic properties for the Cydonia oblonga Mill have been mentioned, including antidiabetic, diuretic, hypolipidemic, antineoplastic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidepressants, anti diarrhea, antimicrobial, and cardiovascular protective activities. It also strengthens the stomach and digestive system. Conclusion: Cydonia oblonga Mill can be used as an essential ingredient in the diet and treatment of people with diseases such as cancer, poor digestion, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. However, more research is needed to confirm the therapeutic propertis.

Introduction: The academic success of medical students can lead to better health services. Various factors can be related to their success or failure. This study investigates some factors, especially demographic factors, related to the academic failure of medical students. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 2016 among students of Bandar Abbas Medical School. The required information was obtained from the education office of school, counseling unit, and student files. In this study, 119 students with academic failure were selected as the case and 119 students formed the control group. The criteria of academic failure in this study were the drop in average grade in the second semester compared to the first semester of more than two points, becoming contingent in one semester, and having an average grade point from 12 to 14. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistics (independent t-test, chi-square, logistic regression, and odds ratio). Results: The results showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between residence status, father's and mother's educational level, and the type of diploma and academic failure (P< 0. 05). But there was no relationship between age at the time of academic failure, marital status, diploma grade point average, acceptance quota, and acceptance rank and academic failure (P<0. 05). Based on the results of logistic regression, none of variables related to each other. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, social and cultural factors such as residence status and educational status of student parents can be associated with academic failure. Therefore, in order to promote the future of community health, these factors should be considered.