KNOWLEDGE STUDIES IN THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
Year:2020 | Volume:23 | Issue:3 (84)|Papers Count:13

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the obstacles to the development of religious thought in students from Islamic Azad University faculty members’ point of view. Method: The study is a survey method. The statistical population comprised all 189 faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of South Tehran Branch and all included in the sample. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, comprised 48 questions in five dimensions (Individual, Family, Sociocultural, Economical, Attitudes and motivations) with a reliability of 0. 82. One-sample and independent groups T-test, and one-way Anova used for data analysis. Results: The faculty members considered individual (mean 4. 22), family (3. 13 average), sociocultural (mean 3. 30) and attitude and motivational (4. 12 average) barriers as the important barriers to the formation of religious thought in the students. Conclusion: To promote religious thought, it is needed to pay special attention to the engineering of students’ thinking development plans, to revise the cultural planning of the universities.

Objectives Model design and modeling is an important step in advancing the literature of religious science discussion and the practical realization of the Islamic Humanities Project. Method The present study is a descriptive-analytical one whose contents are collected by library method. Results Conceptually, the model is a coherent set of principles, metaphysical and philosophical presuppositions of science, and logically and methodologically it defines and incorporates the methodological elements and components of science production. Modeling components can be divided into two general and specific categories. According to the elements of the model definition, General components are three components of explanation of theoretical foundations; proper explanation of methodology; systematicity and coherence of steps and elements involved in the evolution of knowledge. The general subcomponents are a set of model components that are extractable and referable to the main components. These include explaining the place of reason and experience in the production of religious science, the role of researcher and human actions, the diversity of epistemological and methodological plurality, the value of the scientific system, and so on. Specific modeling components also support the Islamic model of Islam. Conclusion A detailed and comparative study of internal and external patterns and theories, and the examination of the most important challenges and locations in religious science, will assist model designers in developing the necessary components of theoretical and theoretical societal heuristics in adopting an appropriate plan in the modeling process.

Objectives: The present study intends to clarify the Ethical fundamentals of political development in Imam Khomeini, s thought. The author of the research believes that the ethical principals in Imam Khomeini, s ideas are routed in Islamic ethic. Method: The method of the survey is descriptive and library resources and inferential. Results and Conclusion: The authors of the article conclude that policy in imam khomeni, s opinion is equal to guidance and is categorized in the field of hereafter and other world. He devides the policy into three dimentions: devilish policy, devine policy and human policy (conventional). he then remarks the dedilish policy as invalid, devine policy as straight way and conventional human policy as confined. The political ideology of Imam Khomeini is based on Divine ethics and isalmic guidance and Human excellence in his all aspects of life including policy and development.

The methodological study of sciences, including conventional economics, has been deeply influenced by the philosophical school of thoughts. This strong influence of the philosophy has affected the fields of "ontology", "anthropology" and "epistemology" through the conceptual and verification bases. Objectives: The paper attempts to explore and examine the methodology of Islamic economic studies which is profoundly entrenched in Islamic philosophy. Method: Analytical method and library studies. Results: This research further explains that despite the Emphasize of the majority of the Islamic scholars that Islamic Economics is intensely rooted in Islamic philosophy, but in practical this relation cannot be observed. Thus, this approach in methodology of Islamic economics has not received much of the attention or, the Islamic philosophy is even ignored by the Islamic economists. Conclusion: The author of the article concludes the need to review the methodology of Islamic economics studies based on Islamic philosophy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the why and why of the cultural foundations of higher education from both general and specialized perspectives with emphasis on the Islamic approach. Method: The present study is an analytical-explanatory method based on Shine Iceberg theory based on verses and narratives. Results: In analyzing the cultural foundations of higher education, first the general principles of higher education, including science production, its transfer and application of knowledge, about the four factors of faculty members, students, curriculum and environment, were investigated based on Shine's theory in the artifact layer. In the next step, in accordance with the values ​ ​ and behavioral norms, the cultural foundations of higher education were specifically outlined in six dimensions, each of which has a competency-based approach to the nature of its higher education. Then the method of monotheistic rationalism was recognized in the deepest layer of the Shine, ie beliefs and assumptions. Conclusion: The correct university culture based on monotheism is based on the continuous ijtihad of the scholars and scholars of the Islamic religion according to the requirements of the time, in order to bring the academic sciences into conformity with the teachings of Islam. Thus, the mixing of elements of culture and its instances with the Islamic approach to meritocracy can be explained.

Exercise activities are often associated with unavoidable risks and injuries, in which sometimes the coach is responsible for and responsible for the compensation. Therefore, each trainer continues his or her training activity with the stress that it may be his / her own compensation. This stress has always caused dissatisfaction and job burnout of coaches and has had a negative effect on coach performance Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide a legal solution to reduce this occupational stress. Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study Results and Conclusion: the results of the survey indicate that the rule of thumb is the responsibility of coaches to reduce their job burnout. Improving the level of performance and job satisfaction of coaches and improving their managerial skills is why coaches need to be familiar with this rule.

Objectives: The present article attempts to do content evaluations of some of those Islamic hadiths which relate to the science of Embryology; it aims to determine the place and position of these hadiths which may verify the mutual relationship between science and religion. Method: For the purpose of research, through studying reliable sources of Embryology on the one hand, and investigating the books of exegesis (Qur’ nic Interpretation) and the sources of hadiths of the two Islamic sects on the other, a comparative study was carried out. Those hadiths which contradict with the findings of experimental sciences were distinguished and separated from those hadiths which are compatible with experimental sciences, or are even prior over them. Results: Having determined the reliability of these hadiths and studying the findings of Embryology, through comparative study of Islamic hadiths and Judish narrated (false) hadiths, and the related scientific findings, the discrepancies between the superstitious and Israeli (false) hadiths with science, and the influence of these superstitions in some Islamic hadiths relating to Embryology were proven. For instance, the schedule of 30 or 40 days for such concepts as “ sperm-drop” , “ blood-clot” , and “ the lump” (of flesh), as well as determining a time of 4 months for sex-determination (in womb), are in contradiction with these hadiths are also in contradiction with scientific and experimental findings; these contradictions prove the unreliability and unauthenticity of some related hadiths attributed to religion. In other words, these premises are not representatives of religion and, thus, do not prove any contradiction between science and religion. However, determining 9 days for sperm-nesting in a hadiths narrated from Imam Bagher (PBUH) is considered as a scientific miracle. Conclusion: In addition to proving the inerrant Imam’ s embracing knowledge of the worlds of creation, and the agreement between science and religion, the non-contradiction of intellectual knowledge and authentic religious premises in terms of content and document is proven.

Objectives: The purpose of the present survey is to criticize the harm principle governing the utilitarian moral education of Mill, based on the Islamic rule of prohibition of detriment. Method: The method has been the “ content-mining qualitative content analysis". Results: In Mill's viewpoint, Duty was showing the realm of the effectiveness of the principle of harm. Moral education was different depending on whether the individual's behavior is harmful to the rights and the comfort of others; the components of this education, were justice and contemplation. Two criticisms could be found upon the principle of harm: the requirement of prohibition of detriment in areas of definition and applicability; the lack of a strong performance guarantee in preventing self-harm and reforming the holders of unpleasant conducts. Neglect of the harm principle in the first leads to inappropriateness in moral education, where it is not clear what moral education means, and the lack of second, was loading to failure in full realization of moral education in its true meaning. Conclusion: Although Mill has introduced the harm principle to achieve the Utility or the greatest happiness principle, but on the basis of the mentioned critiques, it can be said that this principle cannot achieve this purpose of moral education as it should. Therefore, Mill's principle of harm requires serious revisions on the basis of the rule of prohibition of detriment, so that it can be accepted as principle governing utilitarian moral education.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is not to criticize or interpretation of Thomas Hobbes's social contract theory, but to prove that changes in Hobbes's anthropological foundations and assumptions will change the content of his social contract theory. This research is the first step towards achieving an Islamic social contract theory based on Quranic teachings. Method: In this research with a descriptive-analytical method, we extract the anthropological foundations of Hobbes's social contract theory and then replace the anthropological foundations of the Qur'an in this theory. Results: The humanities are based on anthropological assumptions, and the theories which are presented in these fields are directly or indirectly based on these assumptions. Accordingly, the orientation of a scientific person's theories depends on his anthropological foundations, and a change in his foundations and assumptions will change his theories. Conclusion: The authors of the article conclude that after replacing the anthropological foundations of the Qur'an with the Hobbesian social contract theory, there were major changes to this theory.

Objectives: This study aims to explain the allegorical view of Allameh Tabatabai about the story of the devil. Method: This research has investigated this issue by means of rational and narrative analysis. Results: By accepting the existence of allegory in the language of the Qur'an, Allameh considered the understanding of the facts in some verses to be subject to allegorical expression. He proved the allegory of the story of Iblis with three reasons: "the context of the text of the Qur'an", "rational reason" and "narrative reason". According to him, although Quranic stories are allegorical, they are true and true. Hence, in contrast to the interpretive theory about the devil, he concludes that the story is allegorical and the devil is objective. Conclusion: Finally, we can explain the reality of the rebellion of the devil and the understanding of its relationship with the command of God from the perception of the relationship between Molly and the disobedient slave. Therefore, "Adam" is an allegory and symbol of all human beings and "Satan" is an allegory of the temptations of demons.

Objectives: "Generation gap" and "social inferiority" are two very dangerous elements for the discourse that governs our society, which has a significant young population and rapid change. Lack of serious attention to the demands of young people and lack of attention to the weakness of the ruling discourse in the field of demands, especially in the field of livelihood and social justice has caused the new generation to largely not adhere to the values ​ ​ and norms of their society. Method: The research method in this research is combined, in the theoretical part as a way of examining the theories of social psychology and sociology, in the form of documents and libraries and in the quantitative part as descriptive (survey type); Based on cross-sectional sampling, 250 students from different fields of Azad University Tehran Markaz-125 girls and 125 boys equally-were tested in a purposeful manner using a questionnaire. Results: The results of the present survey indicate thatObstacles affecting the current situation, include two dimensions: 1. Weakness in identification (lack of attention to generation gap and the pattern of social inferiority and previous scientific achievements) 2. Weakness in valuing and persuading the audience so that the current generation is alien to many values before it. Conclusion: The results of surveys of the last two decades show the continuous decline of the dominant discourse indicators; and this means that the lack of attention to scientific research in this field and the lack of attention to the needs of new generations and updating propaganda methods, has weakened the prevailing discourse.

Objectives: A progressive writing aimed at identifying a variety of mystical interpretations as a way of interpreting and expressing the variety of this interpretative method. The division, along with the analysis of species, will be useful in the field of teaching and interpreting interpretive material. Method: The present study is conducted using descriptive-analytical method and based on library documents. Results: 1-Due to the fact that the Quran and human beings are the essence of the Qur'an, man is a mystical commentary. 2. Books of the interpretive method in the division of mystical interpretations refer to two or three types of mystical interpretation. 3. Mystical interpretations from the past have gone through their evolution and should be recognized. Conclusion: The mystical interpretation is divided into two categories: practical mysticism and theoretical mysticism, 1-practical mysticism, including inward interpretations (totally opposite to extremes) and to some extent in accordance with appearances (moderation), and Sufi interpretation including: Ramsey interpretation, , Discovery, inspiration, sexuality and the conjunction of meanings. 2. Theoretical commentary includes interpretation based on theoretical mysticism and anthropological interpretation.