Journal of Research in Medical Education
Year:2020 | Volume:11 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Lack of students’ interest and academic motivation is a major challenge to clinical education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the clinical education status with academic motivation in the operating room and anesthesiology students. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 104 students of Anesthesiology and Operating Room of Qom University of Medical Sciences who were selected by census method in 2016. Data gathering tools were two questionnaires for assessing clinical education and academic motivation of Harter. Descriptive statistics and standard deviation were used to describe the status of the subjects. Independent T-test, Pearson test and linear regression were used to analyze the relationships in SPSS. Results: The mean score of clinical education status in students of anesthesiology was 73. 73± 71. 12 and the operating room was 75. 46± 10. 29. Also, the academic motivation mean score in students of anesthesiology was 67. 7± 9. 75 and the operating room was 67. 07± 10. 07. There was a significant relationship between educational motivation and clinical education status (r=0. 24) Conclusion: Since students' clinical education status is not fully desirable and there is a significant relationship between clinical education status and academic motivation, more attention are recommended to promote clinical education in the four areas of educational goals, curriculum, instructor, treatment with student, supervision and evaluation by the authorities, professors and experts.

Introduction: The faculty members' attitude toward professionalism has a significant impact on conveying professional values to learners. The aim of this study was to assess the professional attitudes of the clinical faculty members of medical school in TUMS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 134 clinical faculty members of Tehran University of Medical Sciences using stratified sampling from different clinical departments were participated in 2017. The research tool was a 21-item questionnaire designed to assess the physicians’ attitude about professionalism which was developed and validated by experts. The data were analyzed Using Kruskal Wallis and Pearson correlation coefficient through SPSS. Results: The average score of the participants' professional attitude was 69. 96 out of 100 with standard deviation of 9. 5. The highest average of the positive attitude was 94. 05 out of 100 for the issues of receiving commission for referral to the colleague and receiving consultation from the colleague and the lowest average of attitude was 28. 57 out of 100 for the Team working collaboration of the physician and nurse, the patient's duty to participate in medical education in the academic hospital, spending enough time for listening to the patient's concerns and the doctor’ s right to choose his/ her patient. Professional attitude score was significantly higher in the psychiatric group in comparison with urology (p=0. 046), surgery (p=0. 002), Gynaecology (p<0. 001) orthopedic (p=0. 003) and internal medicine (p<0. 001). Conclusion: According to the findings, professional attitude of faculty members is far from ideal. Their highest positive attitudes were about excellence, honesty, integrity and respect while their highest negative attitudes were regarding altruism and duty. It is suggested that re-trining programs focused on medical professionalism, continuously in transferring attitudes, with more emphasis on the principle of altruism and responsibility for the empowerment of clinical faculty members in medical schools should be considered.

Introduction: The education field is one of the infrastructural fields of the health system and in order to evolving this field training of the human resources should be evolved. The evolution and innovation document is a special opportunity for education practitioners and universities' authorities to take a step towards the promotion of medical education in the country. Proper and timely pathology is one of the measures which it leads managers to become aware of their organization's problems and to prevent them from becoming acute. This study was conducted to identify the current status of evolution and innovation packages in medical education in Iranian universities of medical sciences. Methods: This qualitative study is in the form of thematic analysis. The statistical population was consisted of all experts, key informed individuals and those involved in the implementation of evolution and innovation packages of medical education, which 24 people were selected as participants of the study by purposive sampling using snowball technique. Data were analyzed using Maxqda 10 software. Participatory review method and non-participant experts review were used to obtain the validity and reliability of the data. Results: 9 main categories, namely the damages of packages' implementation, structural damages, policy damages, environmental damages, managerial damages, motivational damages, damages of the accordance of capability and occupation, and cultural damages were identified according to the results of the qualitative study. Most of the injuries reported by participants were related to executive problems at the university, macro-area and motivational levels. The least reported injuries were related to managerial injuries. Conclusion: Identification of problems and damages of implementing evolution and innovation packages at universities can have positive consequences for the improvement of the quality of medical education. Most of the mentioned codes were related to the problems of the way the packages were implemented in universities, indicating that the lack of knowledge of faculty members about the packages and lack of students' involvement in the implementation of packages will be important in the implementation of packages. Medical education policymakers and planners can identify the damages of evolution and innovation packages implementation to examine the existing defects and to provide effective executive strategies for optimal implementation of packages.

Introduction: Flipped classroom represents a kind of blended learning in which educational content is delivered outside the classroom and classwork activities is done in the classroom. This study with the purpose of designing, implementing and evaluating of teaching dosage forms with flipped classroom method for pharmacy students has been done. Methods: This was a SoTL (Scholarship of Teaching & Learning) developmental study. It was performed as a flipped classroom for all pharmacy students (34 people) of the fifth term at Guilan University of Medical Sciences. The teacher distributed the content in a CD of PowerPoint to be studied. Subsequently, after a week, the students were divided into six groups in the class, and the questions were proposed with handling a problem based small group strategy. With regard to evaluating, a focus group interview was conducted with the participation of 10 students who purposefully were choosen. Analysis of qualitative contents of data from focus group interviews was prepared by MAXQDA10 software. Results: 34 students were participated in a study who 68% represent women and 32% represent men with 21 ± 0. 5 average age. Evaluation results were extracted as 155 primary codes contain 4 main groups and 11 categories. Main group’ s categories were attraction (innovation, challenge, subject and amusement), cheerful atmosphere (cooperation, engagement), preparedness (prereading, content type, volume of content) and class management (grouping, management of evaluation). Conclusion: This method created more attractive and motivational than traditional learning. As the content was already presented to the students; by asking questions and interacting with students, the class was dropped out of teacher-centered and students were more willing to participate. Additionally, because of the applied contentof lesson, the level of engagement, discussion, and challenge was great.

Introduction: Internationalization of Higher Education is a process of facing the challenges of globalization that has been the focus of attention by the world's leading universities. The purpose of the present study was to model internationalization of universities with emphasis on multilevel governance. Methods: This study utilizes phenomenological qualitative research method and interviews with selected sample of managers and faculty members of 6 universities (Shahid Chamran Ahvaz, Shiraz, Kurdistan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Allameh Tabatabaei, Tehran and Ferdowsi Mashhad) has been done in 2017-18. Interviews were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin coding methods (open, selective, and axial). Results: The internationalization model of universities includes five dimensions of economic and social factors (competition for resource acquisition, meeting community needs and peripheral environment, commercialization and geographical and regional location of the university), human and cultural factors (human resource capabilities, cultural interactions and human resource motivation), scientific and technological factors (components of the nature of science, curriculum and teaching, technology and educational and research equipment, as well as the production and dissemination of science), organizational and structural factors (organizational management, university and group autonomy, and the functions of the university), and political and governmental factors (international funding components of strategic plans, ideologies of national development programs and international diplomatic missions). Conclusion: Universities need to step up in order to gain international accreditation, and the model needs to be the guide for the university to move in that direction.

Introduction: Emotions are one of the dimensions of human existence and their role in life is so prominent that imagining missing them is impossible and in terms of tools and management, they are one of the distinguishing factors between individuals. Academic emotion is directly related to academic activities or academic outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational program based on academic emotions on students' academic satisfaction in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Method: This present study is a semi-experimental design of pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students studying at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during 2018-2019. Using random sampling method, 60 students with low academic satisfaction were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught 10 session of 90-minute educational program based on academic emotion. The Members of both groups completed Torkzadeh and Mohtaram Respected academic satisfaction questionnaire in all two stages of pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test of academic satisfaction compared to the pre-test, but no significant changes were observed in the control group. Also by controlling the pre-test scores, the adjusted mean of academic satisfaction scores in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0. 001). Conclusion: The results showed that educational program based on academic emotion leads to increased academic satisfaction. Therefore, the mentioned educational program has influenced students' academic satisfaction.

Introduction: Always Anatomy course is considered as one of the most imporant courses in medical education. In recent years, teching anatomy underwent noticeable changes. In order to evaluating educational planning for the medical students, given the essential role of the anatomy course in medical education and the growing need of physicians for being up to date, this study aimed to assess the medical students’ viewpoints on the role of anatomy course on their clinical phase in Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was done on 234 medical students in clinical phase through census method in 2016. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire contained demographic information questions and students’ opinion about the role of anatomy and some other factors in their learning during clinical ducation. Reliability and validity of questionnaires were assessed using Cronbach’ s alfa test ( =0. 896) and content validity index (CVI) (0. 68), respectively. Data were analysed using Median, IQR and Friedman non-parametric test through SPSS. Results: Results anounced that the anatomy of lymphatic system (p<0. 001) and internal organs (p<0. 001) were the most and the least importance in students’ learning during clinical education respectively. Other factors such as using more than one book as reference, professors’ strictness and performing group acivities were other important factors that sudents thought were helpful. According to students’ opinions using cadavers and moulages and also teaching clinical points in class consider as low important factors. Conclusion: Based on results, the importance of the anatomy of the lymphatic system and other important factors such as professors’ expertise and their teaching methods also performing group activities, showed that different topics of anatomical sciences alongside the professors' personal features and their methods both play pivotal role in memorizing topics and students’ learning during clinic.