Journal of Economic Modelling
Year:2020 | Volume:14 | Issue:3 (51)|Papers Count:6

In addition to typical functions of money such as a medium of exchange, a means of evaluation, and storing the value of goods and services, it also has a symbolic character. Money due to its symbolic character can be used as a social goal in regulating interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships. On the one hand, priming is one of the most important ways to highlight the symbolic aspect of money. On the other hand, trust is one of the essential aspects of human relations. We conduct a trust game experiment on 511 fourth-grade girl students from the public schools in Mashhad. The results showed that children primed with money in the experimental group, on average, trust more than the control group.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of policies restricting access to the cryptocurrency market on the process of countering ransomware attacks. To this purpose, by reflecting on the details of a ransomware attack, we model the economy of these attacks and examine the impact of economic variables on the damage caused by them, and through the data obtained from a field study, it has been shown that the relationship between attackers' profits and the damage caused by the attack is non-linear and has local maximums and minimums, and any countermeasures in response to these attacks must be carefully considered in the consequences from an economic point of view. The results show that in a ransomware attack, an attacker may achieve almost the same profit by setting several different amounts of ransom and inflicting several different amounts of total damage. Thus, it is demonstrated that it is important not to adopt policies that may lead the attacker to demand the amounts of ransom that cause further damage.

The main purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of monetary policy shock on output and inflation variables in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market using the new Keynesian stochastic dynamic equilibrium model during the period 2008-2009. The results of solving the model showed that the existence of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market as a destructive phenomenon leads to economic inefficiencies such as reduced wages for men and women, consumption, production and welfare. The results also showed that in the context of gender discrimination, the transmission of the expansionary monetary policy shock to the variables of production and inflation is weaker than the conditions of non-discrimination. Based on the results, awareness of the hidden economic and social angles of this phenomenon and sensitization to planning for maximum elimination through the enactment of laws and the creation of special women's unions and responsible control and monitoring of institutions involved in the real situation of women workers in the Iranian labor market is suggested.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a four-stage supply chain in the presence of uncontrollable, undesirable and negative data in the cement industry. For this purpose, the Slack-Based Measure (SBM) model in network data envelopment analysis is presented to evaluate the performance of such chains. Then, 42 cement companies present in the stock exchange and securities, the corresponding chain of each of which has four stages of supplier, producer, distributor and customer, were evaluated during the period 1394-1394. Based on the implementation of the model, 5 companies have been efficient for three consecutive years and the efficiency score of the rest of them has been less than 1 in all years or some years.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables and Islamic financing (Sukuk) on the returns of private and public banks in Iran (15 banks in total) using the panel data method during the period 1384-1396. The results of model estimation showed that sukuk, inflation, ratio of equity to total assets (as a variable of the bank) have a positive and significant effect on banks' returns. This means that the issuance of sukuk increases the efficiency and profitability of banks. The findings showed that government ownership has a negative impact on banks' returns; So that with increasing government share of banks, profitability and, consequently, the efficiency of banks decreases; The ratio of total expenditures to total assets also has a negative and significant effect on banks' returns and the size of the bank also has a negative and significant effect on bank returns. Whereas state ownership negatively affects the efficiency of banks; Please reduce the government's share of the bank's ownership.