SPORT MEDICINE STUDIES
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:25|Papers Count:12

Dynamic knee valgus faulty movement pattern is one of the most important factors that contribute in lower extremity degenerations changes. The aim of this study was investigation effectiveness of comprehensive corrective exercise program on knee proprioception and quality of one leg squat performance in subject with dynamic valgus. Based on screening test 24 subjects were randomly divided in control group (N=12) and intervention group(N=12). After pre-test measurement intervention group did 8 week of exercise (3 sessions per week) Result demonstrated proprioception and quality of one leg squat performance in intervention group compared to control group significantly improved. It seems comprehensive corrective exercise have positive effect on movement pattern correction and subsequences of dynamic knee valgus.

The present study aims to achieve a sports device with the ability to simulate some canoe courses, and to meet the users' physical and mental needs. The target groups are professional athletes and beginners, with seasonal and regional conditions, with limitations to practice. Considering the extraordinary and rapid effect of rowing movements on reducing localized obesity, especially in the upper and lower abdomen, the use of such a device can be very helpful and effective in strengthening the physical and mental health of people. In this cross-sectional study, the information was obtained through observation as well as user-oriented design principles. The design approach used in this study was based on the principles of integrated interactive design and universal design. According to this method, after identifying the conditions, characteristics and user requirements and explanations of design requirements, based on the results obtained and interactive and universal design patterns, the functional model of the new design was created and then evaluated by specialist and athletes, and its problems were extracted. The most important features of this project include: the ability to use at home, the ability to assemble, multifunctional, and simultaneous simulation of several rowing disciplines, ease of operation, and proper interaction.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 months square stepping exercise with resistance training on balance and fear of falling in elderly woman. 35 elderly women participated and divided into two groups: square step exercise and resistance training. One leg stance, Berg, Functional reach, 10 m walking, TUG tests and fear of falling were measured. The acceleration of the center of the body was recorded using the accelerometer. Results showed a significant increase for balance index, One leg stance, Berg balance test, functional reach, 10 meters running, TUG tests and fear of falling in both groups (p<0. 05). There was no significant difference between two training groups (p>0. 05). It seems that both types of exercises have been effective for elderly women. Also, square step exercise versus resistance training almost equally improved the ballance.

Background and Aim: If Several studies have been done on the role of vision and importance of visual information in the ability of postural control, but none of these reports have examined the role of visual information on balance recovery strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eliminating visual feedback on the balance recovery strategies in deaf individuals. Materials and Methods: 15 Deaf females (age 28. 93± 2. 25 years, height 156. 73± 6. 46 cm, and mean weight 58. 06± 7. 91 kg) were selected as samples. Balance recovery strategies were recorded by six high-speed cameras after sudden movement of the treadmill. Paired-Sample T test was used for data analysis in open and closed eyes. Results: The results of this study showed that the mean of hip and ankle swings can be significantly increased by closing the eyes, both in the anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior disturbances (p<0. 05). The results also showed that there is not a significant difference between the ratio of hip-to-ankle swings in open and closed eyes (p >0. 05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that remove of visual information leads to increase in hip and ankle swings, but there is no significant difference in the ratio of hip-to-ankle swings. Therefore, visual information does not seem to play an important role in choosing the balance recovery strategies in deaf people.

Strength and power are important factors in fencing. But today there is no any consensus on valid way to evaluate them. The aim of this study was to comparison of jump kinetic and its relationship with lunge technique in national and club flouriest fencers. 8 female foil fencers include 4 national and 4 club were participated in this study. Muscle power, mechanical energy and push off ground reaction force were measured using force plate and lunge speed was measured using integration of horizontal ground reaction force curve. The results of this study shown that there is significant relationship between power in squat jump and drop jump with lunge speed and also there is significant differences between these parameters in national and club fencers (P<0. 05). Results of this study shown that squat jump and drop jump are strong tools in determination of concentric strength and explosive power of lower limb in fencers respectively. Given the results of this study and importance of these variables in fencing, the mentioned tests could use as appropriate way to evaluation of fencer’ s performance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effect of core and hip neuromuscular training on knee joint position sense and static balance of male athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Twenty-four athletes with a history of ACL reconstruction were selected and divided into experimental and control groups randomly. Before and after the training (8 weeks, 3 sessions per week) from both groups, knee joint position sense at 30, 45 and 60 degrees and static balance evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer and a one-limb stand test by force plate respectively. Data were analyzed using t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that the neuromuscular training can have a significant effect on knee joint position sense and static balance of athletes who have a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Previous studies have been shown that visual information has a critical role for balance and walking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of walking training with visual perturbation on kinematic parameters. Ten healthy participants walked on the treadmill once with eyes open and another time with eyes closed. Then, 9 trials of walking training with visual perturbation were performed and finally, eyes closed walking was repeated. The result showed that visual deprivation caused significantly changes in step length, step width, stance and double-support duration. However, after training, there was no significant difference of these parameters (except step width) between eyes closed walking before and after training. Furthermore, the findings showed that walking training with visual perturbation induced learning and enhanced the kinematic parameters of walking.

Compliance and Carotid artery intima-media thickness are both important determinants of cardiovascular problems that are influenced by factors such as age, physical activity, etc. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare blood mechanical properties and the carotid artery of professional basketball players and inactive people. For this purpose 10 young basketball men were compared with 10 young non-athlete men. Using the Doppler ultrasound apparatus, the film and image of the right carotid artery was taken from the subjects. Results showed that basketball players had lower heart rate ( 15. 8%) and higher intima-media thickness in diastolic phase ( 17. 8%) than non-athlete group, but systolic blood velocity ( 18. 6%), diastolic blood velocity ( 26. 7%) and compliance ( 32%) were higher in the non-athlete group. Increased arterial stiffness in basketball seems to be a physiological adaptation to hypertension during training and competitions.

The purpose of this study was to examine the patellar angular position and its relationship with pain and functional ability in athletes with lateral patellar compression syndrome. From the men and women athletes with LPCS that have symptoms of this disorder only in one knee, 25 people were selected and its contralateral knee was considered as control group. Assessing the joint pain and functional ability were done by VAS and WOMAC scales, respectively and assessing the patellar alignment was done by digital radiology. Data were analyzed by independent t and Pearson Correlation tests. Tilt angle (P=0. 001), lateral shift (P=0. 003) and congruence angle (P=0. 001) of patella were significantly more in symptomatic knees than in asymptomatic knees. Patellofemoral pain was significantly correlated with tilt angle (P=0. 001) and congruence angle (P=0. 008). Also, functional ability was significantly correlated with tilt angle (P=0. 003) and congruence angle (P=0. 001). Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the main priority of the therapeutic protocols for such patients be to correct the patellar alignment.

The aim of this study was to compare the lower extremity stiffness and its variability between three different forms of hopping test. 30 young healthy and physically active students performed three different forms of hopping, bilateral, unilateral, on dominant leg and unilateral on non-dominant leg with a control strategy (frequency 2. 2 Hz) to determine the lower extremity stiffness variables. Different forms of hopping were compared by one-way ANOVA repeated measure test. The research findings indicated that lower extremity stiffness depends on the form of hopping test. The results also showed less variability of unilateral stiffness than bilateral stiffness, which may be indicate that unilateral hopping has simpler motion pattern. Therefore, it seems better to use unilateral hopping test as a standard test to determine lower extremity stiffness in healthy subjects rather than bilateral hopping test.

Plate foot pressure is the pressure that exists between the foot and the surface under it. Information extracted from such pressure is used for research on gait, balance, shoe design, sport biomechanics and injury prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods and systems for measuring pressure. A portable system is useful for stability analysis as well as motor behavior analysis. The intelligent insole system can also provide instantaneous information for trainer or even a medical person about motor behavior, stability and balance of subject via wireless data transmission. On the other hand, measurements of natural gait needs some parameters such as: portability of sensors, unlimited range of work, implantability of shoes or soles and readability of data in optimum conditions which are the main requirements of such sensors. The purpose of this study was to design and validate intelligent insoles capable of measuring biomechanical gait variables. After careful examination of the results and diagrams, the Hall effect sensor with a height of 5 mm and a diameter of 2 mm magnetic field was selected for implantation. After fabrication of the aforementioned insole, 10 subjects were randomly selected. In order to perform the test phase, each participant had to wear the pads and perform both static and dynamic (walking) experiments. Tests were performed for the insole equipped with a Hall effect sensor and compared with the results of the tests with the Pedar insoles system. The results of the two Pedar and Hall effect sensor tests were matched and the numerical regression coefficient were close to one indicating high concordance of the Pedar results with the Hall effect sensor. According to the results of this study, different types of sensors can be manufactured in different sizes and dimensions and there is more freedom in future for application of such insole. The aforementioned set of factors, in addition to providing a new application for Hall effect sensors, also promises the possibility of building a commercial product using this type of sensor.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fatigue caused by jump-landing on plantar pressure characteristics during stance phase of gait. 24 adolescent volleyball players with and without a history of ankle sprain injury participated. Maximum Sole Foot Pressure characteristics during stance phase of gait were collected and analyzed by a Pedo Scan device correlating to Formetric before and after the fatigue protocol. No significant difference seen between plantar pressure characteristics of players without a history of unilateral ankle injury, while there was a significant difference in between players with a history of unilateral ankle injury between average pressure on injured ankle and maximum pressure, step duration and the plantar contact area on non-injured ankle. Due to results, it seems fatigue from consecutive jumping and landing protocol in the group with a history of unilateral ankle injuries can increase risk of lower limb injurie in gait.