ISLAMIC REVOLUTION STUDIES
Year:2020 | Volume:17 | Issue:60|Papers Count:10

Revolutionary ideals and the values derived from religious teachings, by passing through the ideological confrontations of the opposing currents in the early years of the victory of the revolution and growing in the light of Imam Khomeini's guidelines, established a coherent semantic system which is interpreted as the discourse of the Islamic Revolution. During the years after the victory, the conceptual limit and scope of the constituent elements of this discourse have been explained and updated with the guidance of Imam Khomeini and the Supreme Leader, with regard to the concept of Wilā yat-i-Faqī h as the discourse central signifier. In order to preserve the conceptual authenticity of the elements of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, using the theory of Laclau and Mouffeh discourse, this study seeks to re-examine the concept of the signifiers of wilā yat-i muṭ laqi-yi faqī h, absolute guardianship of jurisprudent, economic justice, opposing the dominating system, preserving cultural values and protecting Muslim ummah, on the basis of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei`s thought. The obtained results have important implications of policies and approaches of politicians and political currents as having been and being remaining revolutionary in the past and future.

Political currents, as actors in the political life of societies, have always been considered in the political developments of Iranian society. Political thinkers have studied the typology of political currents from different perspectives. This issue developed after the victory of the Islamic Revolution as a social phenomenon in the context of society, so the dissection of political currents became far more important. For this reason, this study deals with the formation of the currents of the first decade of the Islamic Revolution from the perspective of Imam Khomeini. Findings of the research show that Imam Khomeini, while using different criteria, has applied a different meaning from that of researchers to formulate political currents.

Peace and peaceful coexistence between nations and states is an undeniable necessity for human survival and in accordance with Islamic teachings. The intrinsic value of the concept of peace in Ayatollah Khamenei's system of thought is understood only in such cases that it leads to justice, security, preservation of human dignity and morality. The problem of the present study is: what may be taken as the characteristics of the idea of desirable peace in Ayatollah Khamenei's system of thought that lead to a just peace? The article claims that peace and peaceful coexistence are essential in Ayatollah Khamenei's political thought and its basis and intellectual roots go back to Islamic teachings and is based on such components as structural peace, final look at peace, implementation of justice and tactical consideration of the category of heroic softness. In this article, using the method of content analysis, we have tried to deal with the concept of peace and its requisites that lead to a just peace.

One of the planned actions of the enemies of the Islamic Revolution is the cultural influence that they have used in recent years against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Given the importance of this issue, from the perspective of the Supreme Leader, the present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to explain the nature of cultural influence and descriptive strategies to oppose it. According to the guidelines of the Supreme Leader, after explaining the nature of cultural influence, the author examines the dimensions of influence including three areas: economic, political and cultural, and after stating the methods and tools of cultural influence, examines its solutions in two pivots. In the first pivot, cultural strategies in the field of epistemology-cognition are stated, which include: accepting cultural influence, promoting religious beliefs and understanding Islamic culture, and in the second pivot, cultural strategies in the field of behavior including: cultural management, organizational activity and having the initiative in cultural affairs are examined.

The challenges between Iran and the United States have various dimensions that are mainly analyzed from a political perspective, but in the view of the majority of Western thinkers and strategists, these challenges are deeper rooted. This article, using a descriptive-analytical method and emphasizing the thoughts of three influential American theorists (Kissinger, Huntington and Fukuyama), tries to answer the question: why does not the Americans` look at the challenge with the IRI seem purely political and do they believe in a deeper root for this challenge? The research findings show that according to Kissinger, Huntington and Fukuyama`s opinions, the challenges of Iran and the United States have dimensions beyond a political challenge, and the origin of this conflict ultimately return to "maintaining " the present world order and civilization or "changing" it. That is why Iran or the United States cannot interact normally with each other without changing their foundations of behavior.

Theological seminaries have a significant role in creating and maintaining the values of the Islamic Revolution. For this reason, the enemies of the Islamic Revolution, in order to advance their goals, sought to turn the seminaries into the cause of the decline and destruction of the Revolution. Therefore, by creating and using the driving forces of the antithesis of the Islamic Revolution in the seminaries, they intend to degenerate and decline the revolution from within the seminaries. In this study, the antithesis of the Islamic Revolution in theological seminaries have been measured by interviewing seminary experts and the method of content analysis. The antithesis drivers of the Islamic Revolution in the seminaries that have been identified and analyzed in this study are: weakening social status, transforming values and principles of the Islamic Revolution, causing seminaries` disability in the management of social issues, strengthening opposing currents in seminaries, increasing ambiguity, lack of strategic intelligence and expanding and promoting reactionary in seminaries.

The close connection between man and politics has made politics an easy and complicated concept. In explaining the nature of politics, we are faced with four macro theories: 1) popular attitude, 2) power-oriented attitude, 3) moral-oriented attitude, and 4) divine attitude. In the popular attitude, which originates from the practical flow of politics in many societies, politics is interpreted as a category of force and deception. In the power-oriented view, politics is a category of two figures which, on the one hand, founds order and security, and on the other hand, the agents of domination, conflict and struggle. In the moral view, politics makes sense in relation to morality, and one should have moral expectations of it; and in the divine view, politics is a divine category; It is "posed by and covenant of God". With politics, the path of society towards worldly and otherworldly happiness is paved. Through it, human and transcendent morality is spread in society; The religion of God flows in the society and it is nourished and fertilized by it.

Culture is considered as one of the most enduring components of national power and a catalyst in global relations, and heads of state, using cultural diplomacy and the strategy of "positive protectionism", spend large sums of money to guide world public opinion in order to secure non-violent interests. But, in recent years, there have been criticisms of the budget and efficiency of similar centers in Iran. This article seeks to study the question: what role and position does the Al-Mustafa (PBUH) International University play in securing the national interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran through cultural diplomacy? Using a descriptiveanalytical method based on library and field studies, this article believes that this cultural active center in the field of cultural diplomacy present a positive image of Islam, Iran and Shiism among the educated as well as neutralize negative effects on public opinion in the region and the world in various ways.

Revolutions influence the social and political developments of countries. The Islamic Revolution of Iran is no exception to this and is considered as a source of social and political developments in countries near and far. What is pursued as the main question in this study is: what changes (intellectual and physical innovation) has caused the Islamic Revolution of Iran in Argentina? The research hypothesis is also defined in such a way that the Islamic Revolution in various dimensions, has affected both Muslims and followers of other religions as well as the political movements of Argentina. Also, the findings of the present study have been ordered in the framework of broadcast theory and based on 9 axes including: origin, destination, time, subject, environment, types, channels, obstacles and achievements of broadcast with regard to strengthening the social and political position of Muslims, and the tendency of social minorities and other political movements in Argentina to the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Jack Goldstone's theory as the theory of the fourth generation of revolutions has been studied in the Islamic Revolution of Iran and the political developments in Yemen. The mentioned theory considers the Islamic Revolution as the cause for the birth of the fourth generation of the theory of revolutions. Leadership, ideals and ideology, culture and beliefs, communication network and personalities are the foundation of this theory which is extracted from this approach. Based on the findings and results of the article, it seems that Goldstone's theoretical model due to the passage of the agents of natural, general and structural history as a result of the evolution of theories on the one hand, and on the other hand considering the spiritual context, the popular network and considers the presence of the leadership as one of the factors and contexts for the formation of the revolution and an important political event. Examples and objective examples studied in Iran and Yemen confirm this hypothesis.