JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
Year:2014 | Volume:13 | Issue:3|Papers Count:15

Desalination technology is growing due to population growth and water shortage. These kinds of activites can have environmental impacts where brine discharges into the sea. This study examined the effects of brine discharge from desalination plant Chabahar Konarak on the sea environment were used to study polychata assemblage. Sediment samples were sampled from 7 stations in pre monsoon and post monsoon in year 2011 using by van veen grab (0.025m2) samplers that 5 stations were around the discharge point and 2 station as controls. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the abundance and richness significances differences (P<0.05) between stations. The most abundance of polychaetes was occurred in station 6 with 3666.62 and 2079.92 individuals per m2 in pre and post monsoon respectively. While the lowest values observed in station1 in pre and post monsoon periods with 306.97 and 0 numbers in m2.The richness, diversity and evenness results indicated that the highest and the lowest values is observed in control stations 0.94, 1.07 and 0.67 in pre monsoon and station 1, zero in post monsoon. According to results, we observed different sensitivity of polychaete to brine discharges because abundance and ecological indices were decreased in stations near the discharges area comparing to control stations far from the brine discharges zone. Results of the CCA indicated that salinity and temperature effects on polychaete structure. The most frequancy family in this study was spionidae that it showed tolerance of this family to brine discharges. With monsoon occurrence of stress added to the study area where that the lowest abundance (0) in one station in post monsoon.

This research has been done on larval stage of two species of Epialtidae,s Family on coastal waters of Hengam Island (The Persian Gulf) in 2011. Sampling is done by plankton net with 300 mm mesh size by method of diagonal traction from bottom to surface in 6 station for a year from winter 2011 to autumn 2012. This research is done based on morphological characteristics, such as overall shape and appendages of larvae in the lab by contrast phase inverted microscope of the first zoea larval stages of species Menaethuis monoceros and second zoea of Menaethiops nodulosus was studied. Larval species density studied at different stations and seasons were calculated. The highest average density respectively with 22.33 and 72.7 individual per m3 in the summer was calculated.

Some growth parameters and feeding aspects of the Lizardfish, Saurida tumbil, in Iranian coastal waters of the Persian Gulf (Bushehr Province), were studied by regular monthly collections during February 2006- February 2007. Among a total of 691 specimens, 538 were females, 114 males and 39 immature. The total length for females ranged from 26.1 to 58 (38.9±6.7) and for males from 25.5 to 53.5 (34.20±6.7) cm. The total weight of females ranged from 136-1550 (486.7±281.9) and for males from 116 to 1125 (332±225) g. The length-weight relationship for all fish was W=0.0064L3.042 suggesting an isometric growth for all the fish sample. Condition factor ranged from 0.43 to 0.94 in different months. The relative length of the gut (RLG) was 0.44 on average, suggesting a carnivorous feeding habit of this fish. The maximum and the minimum gasterosomatic index (GI) (gut weight/total weight) occurred in November and in June, respectively. Amongst the 691 studied fish, 187 fish had empty, 297 semifull and 207 full stomachs. On the basis of stomachs contents, Clupeidae, Trichiuridae, Synodonthidae, Carangidae and shrimp were the most important food items, respectively. Based on the results of this study, it could be concluded that the lizard fish is a voracious piscivore species with a positive allometric growth pattern in juveniles and an isometric growth pattern in adults.

This applied research has been conducted to identify and rank the causes of delay in container handling operation in two stages. In the first, having considered the daily census of container handling operation in the pertinent terminal of the port, As well, brain storming cessions attended by experts from the studied container terminals were held during which twenty seven numbers of causes of delay were detected. In the second stage, having considered the detected factors from the first stage, the probability of the causes occurrence, the extent of impact of causes on process after their occurrence and probability of causes detection before having effect on process have been determined by experts in form of a scale ranging from one to ten, Finally based on the obtained scores by each one of the causes, the decision matrix was formed and the mentioned causes were ranked by TOPSIS method. The abstained results showed that the causes of delays in loading and unloading operations in studied container terminals have significant different in the terms of probability of the causes occurrence, the extent of impact of causes on process after their occurrence and probability of causes detection before having effect on process. Finally to mitigation of these causes several strategies have been presented.

Domain design, different starting times and applying internal fixed and moving domains within the coarser simulation domain similar to different physical options can play important roles in the results of numerical models in order prediction of tropical cyclones. In this study, Gonu Tropical Cyclone (2007) that it was formed in the northern Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea) and Advanced Hurricane WRF Model (AHW) have been selected to demonstrate this sensitivity. Initial and boundary conditions, and the best track data in order to comparison was received from NCEP Final Analyses (FNL) data and the IMD (Indian Meteorological Department), respectively. The simulation results in domain design sensitivity showed, the domain that was extended more to the east and was included a lower coverage of the Persian Gulf had more accuracy in predicting of track and the best performance and also had an acceptable performance in predicting of hurricane intensity at the time to reach the coast of Oman and Iran. Although this domain in predicting the intensity peak of cyclone is better than other domain designs, but has weaker track than the available reality (IMD). Then, internal fixed and moving domains to separate within this domain is considered and the results showed that despite some improvement in simulated intensity error, there was a reduction of simulated cyclone track. Generally, the results showed that internal fixed domain rather than internal moving domain has the better performance in selected cases. Thereafter, different starting times were tested and the results showed that the simulation starting time, 48 to 60 hours before maximum intensity of storm or in other words, when the central pressure of system shows about 1000 hPa has the better performance in simulation of cyclone track and intensity. Finally, the best configuration is tested for Phet tropical cyclone (2010) that was formed in the same area. The results of this testing were satisfactory.

Ecological health is the most important component of the biological health. Macro benthos invertebrate are the most important organisms in aquatic ecosystems that are used for determination of biological health. Benthic indices base bye data simplifying and shows a set of biological variable as a quantified variable that made the interpretation of data easier, one of this indices is BOPA index that give from ratio of opportunistic Polychaeta to Amphipoda. The higher value of this index shows environmental pollution. The value of BOPA index showed significant difference between stations (p<0.05). according to BOPA index the status of stations were showed: st B: Fair, st C: poor, st A & E: good and st F,G: excellent. Despite all of stations according to diversity, richness showed poor and bad ecological status, but the value of these indices was increased from inner areas of creeks to sea, and BOPA index was decreased., so BOPA index has assessed the ecological status better than diversity and richness indices and is more optimistic.

In order to investigation of growth pattern and body weight-length relationship of narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus in different stages of its life, approximately 10000 newborn crayfish were released in earthen pond. This pond had the similar condition to their habitat. Sampling was done during four stages of their life, under 2 months and 4, 6, 15 months among crayfish population. After separating the samples as sexes, some indices such as total length, total weight, claw weight and abdomen meat weight were measured. The results of this study showed, there is a power relation between length and weight indices in different parts of crayfish body for male and female. The growth pattern in experimental crayfish was isometric while the claw growth pattern was observed as allometric in male according to this relationships and regressions analysis.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of initial stocking density of red algae Gracilaropsis persica and Gracilaria corticata on the growth and biomass production of these species. Three stocking densities of 50 gm-1, 125 gm-1 and 200 gm-1 were used and algae cultivated in Persian Gulf (Bandar Abbas) in winter for 45 days. Algae collected from natural environment and cultivated on poly ethylene rope in the sea. Relative growth rate (RGR) and total biomass were measured fortnightly. Temperature, salinity, pH and nutrients (nitrate, nitrite and phosphate) were measured during the trial. The result of the present study showed that there were significant differences in growth rate between different treatments in both species (P<0.05). Algae that cultivated with 50 gm-1 initial stocking density had the highest relative growth rate in both species. At the end of 45-day trial, total biomass was the highest in 200 gm-1 treatment (P<0.05). Furthermore, the present study showed that the growth rate of Gracilariopsis persica was higher than Gracilaria corticata. The results of the present study showed that stocking density is able to affect the growth of red algae Gracilariopsis persica and Gracilaria corticata and Gracilariopsis persica have higher growth rate and better potential of commercial culture in the Persian Gulf compared to Gracilaria corticata.

This research aims to evaluate quality services in the Rajaee Port container terminal by using SERVQUAL model that is a tool for measuring quality services, identification and for analyzing available gaps between expectations and perceptions services. Container terminal customers at the port of Rajaee are community statistics in this Research. Judgmental sampling method use for selecting sample. The standard and localized questionnaires with Cronbach,s alpha coefficient in the perceptions section was 0.921 and in expectations section was 0.895 that was distributed among the 150 members of sample, which 102 (68%) questionnaires were available. First for analyze the data, the researcher used of LISREL software to check reliability SERVQUAL model (Size Making Model First and Second term) and then used SPSS software to do T Test pair sample for analyzing significant gap between expectations and perceptions respondents. Results obtained in this study indicated that there is a gap between customer,s expectation services and perceptions services in container terminal of Rajaee Port in all five dimension of quality services and from weight point of view. the physical dimension is the most important dimension between all dimensions and after that, reliability, assurance, responsiveness and empathy are also important. In addition, physical dimension have maximum gap and empathy dimension have minimum gap between customers, expectations and perceptions.

In this current study، it is used an Estuary Lake and Coastal Ocean Model of Centre for water research of University of Western Australia، here after ELCOM، to employ a 3D hydrostatic non-uniform simulation of measured data of in late wintertime، 2005 in Oman sea area. The data was achieved by Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme, GTSPP. In order to that، simulation covers the whole basin of Persian Gulf، Oman Sea and north of Arabian Sea، to make the simulated profiles independent of Persian Gulf outflows and Indian Ocean Inflows. The simulation was run by temperature and salinity differences of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea، river discharges at the end of Persian Gulf، meteorological data of Qeshm Island for 4 months. Temperature results are in good agreements with measured data، while although salinity trend results are acceptable، the simulation is not capable to generate the low salinity water intrusion between 100 to 400m.