JOURNAL OF GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING
Year:2019 | Volume:5 | Issue:1 (9)|Papers Count:6

Monitoring the outputs is mainly considered in performance based budgeting. This study seeks to explain the position and the role of in payments performance based budgeting. Data is collected by interview about financial monitoring, comparative studies, international standards and guidelines. In other words, this study investigates and explains how comptrollers do financial monitoring in performance based budgeting. Moreover, it recognizes legal and structural deficiencies for development of financial monitoring effectiveness by comptrollers in ministry of economic affairs and finance. Population includes comptrollers: State Audit Office Accountants, Authorities Detection Authorities, managers of ministry of economic affairs and finance, auditors of government accountability office, and inspectors of inspection organization. The scope of this study is all of executive organizations concerning on 219 section of fifth national development plan that use whole country budget. The results related to 4 indexes (structure, regulations, financial monitoring and governmental management) show that the roles of comptrollers should be changed with new budgeting system appropriately.

Generational accounting is an issue that has evolved and developed to measure the relative financial burden imposed on different generations. The present study seeks to design and develop a generational accounting model commensurate with the economic and financial structure of Iran and to study the way of dealing with different generations from the point of view of financial policies of the state. This research is a developmental research. From the viewpoint of the research time, a longitudinal, forward-looking and time series research is conducted from 2010 to 2083. This research has no population and statistical sample and includes the statistical environment. The results showed that with the assumption of the continuation of current financial policies, the higher the GDP growth rate in the country and the lower the discount rate, the more generational imbalances will increase, and the generation imbalance will be in the benefit of the future generation and disadvantage of the current generation. Here, the concept of constraint is an example of zero sum.

Since the characteristics of employees has effects on their judgment and perception, so the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of employees' experience in the private sector on the judgment and decision making in public sector accrual accounting and their perception of its implementation. This study is Mixed method research type (qualitative– quantitative) that was conducted by interviewing and using a questionnaire. In the qualitative section, by using purposeful sampling method 5 experts was identified and, interviews were conducted by using semi-structured questionnaires. Also in quantitative section by using purposeful sampling method from its statistical population that was all financial and accounting emlpoyees of medical sciences universities of 4 western cities, sample consisting of 40 people determined and questionnaire distributed between them. The findings of the qualitative section emphasize the effect of better perception of managers and employees of information provided in accrual accounting on their judgment and decision making, enhancement of employees perception due to better perception of managers and the impact of accruals experience in the private sector on employee perceptions of implementation of Accrual accounting in public sector. Quantitative results showed that employees with experience in employing accruals accounting in the private sector prefer accrual accounting more than non-experienced.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of tax avoidance on the relationship between government ownership and financial constraints of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the financial constraints were calculated using (Kz) Kaplan and Zingales (1998) and (ww) Whited and Wu (2006), and tax avoidance using three effective tax rate indicators, effective tax rates, and the tax accounting difference. The research sample consisted of 114 manufacturing companies from 2007 to 2016. The result of estimating research models using combined data shows that there is not a meaningful relationship between firms with state-owned enterprises compared to non-state-owned companies with financial constraints. In addition, among the interactive variables of state ownership, with the effective tax rate, the effective rate of cash tax and the tax accounting difference were not found to be related to the financial constraint. Avoiding tax can affect the information environment by causing ambiguity and lack of transparency of information and misuse of resources for opportunistic managers.

The issue of the efficiency of companies is one of the important issues in the decision making of managers to implement strategic plans. The purpose of this research is to determine the role of government dependency in analyzing the efficiency and transparency of stock companies. The performance score of the companies was calculated based on the data envelopment analysis method, and to calculate the quality of accruals and transparency of earnings, the Kotari model and Bart's model were calculated and regression model was used to test the hypotheses. For this purpose, the stock exchanges of Iran were investigated and 96 companies were selected as statistical sample during 2011-2016. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between company efficiency and profit transparency as well as between company performance and accruals quality in using state-of-the-art multi-regression method. Keywords: government dependency, company performance, accrual quality, transparency of profit.

The decision to expose or silence a financial misconduct in the organization that the person working in the accounting profession is witnessing is a ethical dilemma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ethical awareness and ethical judgment of accountants towards the Whistle-blowing of financial misconduct with the emphasis on the role of moral intelligence. For this purpose, in a web-based platform, questions in the form of a standardized questionnaire and researcher-made scenarios were provided to professionals in the public sector of Guilan province. The collected data from a total of 273 completed questionnaires were analyzed using structural equation method with partial least squares (second generation) approach. The findings from the final model indicate that ethical awareness does not directly correlate with ethical judgment in relation to the types of Whistle-blowing being investigated in this research, but ethical intelligence modulates this relationship to a considerable extent. In addition, moral judgment has a significant impact on types of Whistle-blowing, and ethical intelligence can also play a positive role in this regard.