Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:17 | Issue:6|Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: Proper seal is needed for successful endodontic treatments such as apical plug treatment. Some of studies have shown that tissue fluid can affect the sealing ability adversely. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) cement apical plug in dry, blood contaminated and saliva contaminated canals. Subjects and Methods: Seventy single root and single canal extracted human teeth were decornated from cementoenamel junction(CEJ) preparation of apical area were done up to #40 K-file using step back method and coronal area was enlarged up to #80 k-file. After open apex condition reconstruction and creation of dry, blood-or saliva-contaminated canal condition, CEM cement apical plug was inserted into the canal. After full setting of CEM cement, the remnant of canal space was obturated using gutta percha and AH26 sealer. Microleaksge value was evaluated with fluid filtration method and data were analyzed using and Kruska-lWalis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Based on our data, the microleakage values were 26. 96, 44. 36 and 27. 00 (10⁻ ⁴ ×μ L/min/CmH2O) in dry, blood contaminated and saliva contaminated canal, respectively. The microleakage value in blood contaminated condition was significant lower than both dry and saliva contaminated conditions (P<0. 001) Conclusion: These results suggest that the sealing ability of CEM cement is reduced in blood-contaminated condition; but is not affected by saliva contamination. Prudently, more in vitro and animal studies are needed to confirm these results.

Background and Objectives: One of the most important factors in pathogenic disease is the attachment of pathogenic bacteria to the host cell surface. The present study was conducted to introduce an alternative bio-drug that prevents the attachment of microorganisms and the onset of disease. Subjects and Methods: This study was carried out during the three experimental periods. Clinical and standard strains of E. coli and C. albicans yeast were collected from the Khalat-Pushan Research Station of Tabriz University and Iran Research Organization respectively. Co-aggregation activity of treatments with both E. coli and C. albicans were investigated by Collado method and expressed as percentage. Anti-adhesive activity was also determined by microtitre plate method and calculated by reduction in attachments percentage. Results: The highest co-aggregation effect with 74. 68 % was related to “ probiotic+ nano-selenium” treatment with standard strain of C. albicans and “ nano-selenium” . While treatment with 39. 32% had the lowest co-aggregation activity with clinical strain of E. coli (P<0. 05). In determination of anti-adhesive activity of experimental treatments, except for the “ probiotic” treatment on clinical strain of C. albicans, there was no significant difference among treatments for both species of E. coli and C. albicans. In both strains of E. coli and C. albicans, the standard strains showed significantly higher sensitivity. Conclusion: All the experimental treatments had a good co-aggregation and anti-adhesive ability with pathogenic species. “ Probiotic + nano-selenium” treatment had relatively high ability during three experimental protocols Therefore, it can be used as an appropriate antibiotic alternative for the prevention or control of disease.

Background and Objective: Some individuals, copers, despite of an acute lateral ankle sprain could return to high-level physical activities, without development of functional ankle instability (FAI). Study about differences between copers and FAI groups results in identify factors that cause FAI. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cognitive demands on dynami postural control in FAI, copers and uninjured heathy controls. Subjects and Methods: Forty two individuals in three groups with FAI, copers and uninjured healthy controls participated in this study. Dynamic postural stability with and without cognitive demands, was assessed. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to determine possible significant interactions for the 2 factors. Results: Interaction of group by cognitive difficulty was significant for overal stability index (OSI) (P<0. 001) and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) (P=0. 005). A significant increase in OSI and MLSI observed in FAI group during dual task compared to the single task performance (P<0. 05). However, a significant decrease in OSI was demonstrated in copers during dual task condition (P=0. 004). Conclusion: The results showed that concurrent performance of cognitive task could affect postural control after first lateral ankle sprain. Responses to cognitive perturbations can be considered as an important factor to identify adaptation mechanisms in copers and distinguish between copers and FAI groups.

Background and Objectives: Approperiate treatment of obstructive uropathy is a disease is of great importance in patient care. The objective of this study was to compare the results and complications of percutaneous nephrostomy with hemodialysis in correcting water and electrolyte disorders in patients with obstructive uropathy. Subjectes and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 30 patients with obstructive uropathy were selected as study group. Patients were randomly divided into hemodialysis and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) groups. In both groups, BUN/Cr, Na, and K were measured every 6 hr. The end point variables were: time for preparation for action (T1), time to clearance (T2), total hospitalization time (T3), pain score, satisfaction rate and complications in both groups were compared. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software versin 20. Results: Results shows that T1 in both PCN and hemodialysis groups was not significantly different. However, T2 and T3 in the PCN group had was more significantly decreased than in hemodialysis group. In addition the satisfaction rate in patients with PCN was higher than hemodialysis. Concentration of potassium and creatinine in the PCN group decreased more than hemodialysis. However, there was no significant difference in the trend of reduction of other indicators such as sodium, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups. Conclusion: PCN method can be an alternative, appropriate, less expensive, and has fewer complications than hemodialysis method for patients with obstructive uropathy.

Background and Objective: Autism is a developmental disorder that is associated with a lack of social skills, irritability, and stereotypical and repetitive behaviors. Role-based presentation is an educational method for transferring concepts and behavior change in children. In this research, we investigated the effect of storytelling as if they played a role in the sensory and emotional awareness of children with autism. Subjects and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study based on performing role-plays storytelling by the studied units. The target population in this study was all patients with autism who were filed in Khoramabad city hospitals in 1396. Thirty children aged 6-16 years were selected by available sampling method. Data was processed through the autism treatment evaluation checklist questionnaire before, after and after the intervention. The results of the study were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: In terms of sensory and cognitive skills, (P <0. 001) (t =45. 5), in the field of health status (P<0. 035) (t=2. 21). Significant changes were found in each case. Conclusion: Role-playing storytelling is one of the effective and cost-effective therapeutic interventions for increasing sensory and cognitive awareness and improving the health of children with autism.

Background and Objective: Generally, keratocystic odontogenic tumor is an asymptomatic lesion and in rare cases, may occur in older patients. The purpose of the case report was to present the clinical, radiographic, pathological, treatment and follow up of a 69 years old female with keratocystic odontogenic tumor. Case Report: Patient was an edentolus, 69 years old woman who was referred to our surgery department because of painless swelling which has developed 3 months ago. In radiological panoramic report, several ill defined multilocular radiolucency was seen. Pathological diagnosis of inflamed keratocystic odontogenic tumor was suggested. Treatment was done with enucleation and peripheral ostectomy. After 14 months of follow up, no recurrence was seen. Conclusion: Keratocystic odontogenic tumor because of variable clinical presentation, radiographic and differential pathological diagnosis of intra-osseous oral lesions in old aged patients is necessary. In addition, in old patients, because of physical disability, selection of treatment procedure and long term follow up after surgery is necessary.

Background and Obective: Tokophobia, fear of childbirth, is one of the main causes of psychological and physical harm in pregnant women. This study investigates the effects of personality types A, B and D on fear of childbirth and self-efficacy of pain in pregnant women. Subjectes and Methods: The method of this paper is descriptive correlational and it was carried out on 143 pregnant women who referred to Kerman city Shahid Dadbin and Shahid Etebari health centers in 2017. Subjects of the study were selected through available sampling. Subjects provided the data through personality type A, B and D test questionnaires, pain self-efficacy and attitude towards delivery questionnaires. Using SPSS, the data were analyzed and Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression model were calculated for the data set. Results: The results showed that negative emotions factor, subtype of personality type D, and intensity of competitive ability and irritability factors, subtypes of personality type A, B, could explain the self-efficacy of pain (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that negative emotions factor had the highest effect on fear of delivery prediction and then the intensity of competition and irritability factor were the next factors.

Background and Objectives: Behavioral interventions may reduce depression and, conversely, may increase the quality of life of patients. The aim of present research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness based on stress reduction on depression and quality of life in patients with AIDS/HIV. Subjects and Methods: The research method was semi experimental with pre-and post-test and control group. Patients with AIDS/HIV who referred to counseling center in Khoramshar city, were selected according their age, educational status, not suffering from other physical disease, and having one standard deviation below the mean in depression inventory and quality of life questionnaire. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of mind fullness based on stress reduction but the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed with MAOVA and ANCOVA. Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control group in depression and quality of life (P<0. 001). The rate of depression in experimental group significantly decreased in comparison with pre-test and control group, but the rate of quality of life increased significantly. Conclusion: In conclusion, in order to complete the process of treatment of patients with AIDS, in addition to the therapeutic medication, reduction of depression and increase in the quality of life by use of mind-awareness training based on stress reduction can be useful in these patients.

Background and Objective: The prevention of tooth loss is the ultimate goal of dental care. Identification of reasons for tooth loss should help in establishment of adequate preventive programs. The present study was aimed to survey the reasons for permanent tooth extraction and to examine the demographic factors (age-gender-educational status) associated with tooth loss. Subjects and Methods: In this study reasons for tooth extraction in 384 patients referred to dental faculty of Ahvaz university of medical sciences during year of 2016-2017 was surveyed. Collection of data was made by questionnaire's and clinical examination of patients. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The results showed that caries (53. 6 %) and periodontal disease (20. 9 %) were the main reasons for tooth extractions. The most extracted tooth was lower first molar (28. 6 %). The number of extraction was related inversely with the improvement of educational status of the patients (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: The most of the permanent teeth were extracted due to caries and periodontal disease. Prevention and care for dental caries and periodontal disease for all age groups is required. For the purpose of oral health and improvement everyday life quality, patients should be better informed and advised to maintain an adequate oral hygiene and pay regular visits to dentist.

Background and Objective: Insulin is one of the challenging aspects of diabetes treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of using video technology by pharmacist on reduction of insulin pen errors in Patients with diabetes type 2 who referred to the Ahwaz diabetes clinic. Subjects and Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 130 diabetic patients who initiated insulin pen during one year (2018) included the study if they met inclusion criteria. Then, they were divided into two intervention and control groups by random allocation method. A video was used to educate the intervention group or their companion. A month later and three months after the date of the first interview, the two groups were re-invited to do the post-test. Results: The average age of patients was 54. 02(SD, 10. 92) years. The average duration of insulin pen initiation was 4. 69 (SD, 0. 93) months. Video training has a significant effect on the reduction of errors including injection in same site (from63. 1% to36. 9%), arbitrary change in dosage or frequency of injection (16. 9% to 7. 7%) and the missing of insulin use (63. 1% to 47. 7%) in the intervention group. The mean of a needle use reduced from 4. 36 to 2. 20 times in intervention group. There was a significant difference between the two groups in incidence of pen insulin errors after education (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Despite a significant reduction in errors in some areas, the incidence of insulin pen use errors is still high, suggesting interference from other factors beyond the level of knowledge of patients.