Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Year:2000 | Volume:34 | Issue:47|Papers Count:10

The finding signs of rickets at early childhood (early rickets) in many children who were admitted fm various causes such as convulsions, pneumonia and diarrhea at Tabriz children Hospital made it necessary to have another look at this problem.In one year prospective survey, various factors including health status, socioeconomic status for example malnutrition of the infant, the frequency and number of labours, the economic status of the family, the nutritional status of mother, the role of cold and high altitude area environment of province, living in cities and air pollution and living in apartments were considered and the biochemical changes in mother and child were studied.Maternal malnutrition and not receiving of Vitamin D at pregnancy and not giving vitamin D to children results to richets. Besides air pollution, sunlight deprivation and living at apartment is a predisposing factor too. It is necessary to search a way for prevention of this disease and its complications (such as hypocalcemic tetany and pneumonia).

Recently there have been great trends for preserving small patellar fragment in distal pole fractures of patella. This is because of complications such as "Patella Baja" when partial patellectomy is being done. In this prospective study 38 patients with 40 distal pole fractures of patella were chosen. The cases were divided into two groups: Group 1: Excision of patella and Group 2: preserving the patella. In the first visit, 4 weeks after operation, extension lag was fewer in first group and range of motion was greater in second one. Two cases of nonunion without functional difficulty, no case of A.V.N. and 7 cases of late fragmen displacement were seen in second group.

Internal temperature of allograft kidney at cold ischemic time is very important because it has a direct effect on prognosis of graft survival as well as patient survival. The fit temperature (0-4 centigrade) , prevents ATN. External temperature of allograft kidney at cold ischemic time is due to direct effect of ice and internal temperature in early time of cold ischemic time is due to direct effect of cold irrigation solution. During 1998, twenty cases of allograft kidney were selected randomly. Mter donor nephrectomy, kidney was placed in ice and irrigation with cold solution was begun. In each case 5 tubes were selected. In tube number one some of irrigation solution was poured and temperature of that was measured by automatic thermometer. In number 2 to 5 tubes fluid that exit from vein of allograft kidney flowing each 100 ml solution, gathered and temperature of those measured. Temperature of number 5 tube was nearly the same as cold solution. This study suggests that after flowing minimum 500 ml cold irrigation, internal temperature of allograft kidney (temperature of t1uid exit from vein) and temperature of cold irrigation is close to each other.

Hypertension is one of the main health problems worldwide and causes mortality following cardiovascular complications. In this cross sectional study 4847 subjects were selected and studied from urban and rural populations of Tabriz using cluster sampling method.The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of hypertension in urban and rural areas of Tabriz and its correlation with various factors.Results of this study indicated that the prevalence of hypertension was 20.82% in both population and significant statistical differences was not found regarding sex. Over 90% of the cases were mild hypertension. Regarding the age, hypertension was more prevalent as age increases (p<0.05). Regarding the weight of the subjects also significant differences observed as hypertension was more prevalent in obesitive subjects and its prevalence increased as 2.6 fold comparing normal weight subjects. When the factor of living area was considered it was revealed that this factor also int1uences the hypertension, as subjects living in rural areas showed more normal blood pressure than those living in urban ones. In rural subjects the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 10 mmHg and 2mmHg higher than those of urban subjects, respectively (p<0.05). According to our results cigarette smoking did not int1uences blood pressure and hypertension recorded as 18.47% in smokers, while 22.02% in non smokers.

In this retrospective study the results of upper cervical vertebras and occiput fusion in 40 cases admitted to neurosurgical department of imam khomeini hospital from 1993-1998 (5 years) were assayed. The cases consist of 14 patients with unstable fractures of atlas (10%), 11 patients with type III hangmand fractures (7%), 10 patients with type II odontoid fractures (7%), 2 patients with tearing of transvers ligament and 3 patients with fractures of C1 and C2. The male to female ratio was 3 and the patients were between 3-75 years old. The most common causes were car accident and falling. All patients were operated by GALLIE or BROOKS methods and post operation immobilization was continued for 3 months with Hallo cast or Philadelfia collar.The minimum periods of follow-up were 8 month and the maximum 4 years. The results of fusion was highly successful in 95 percent.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the role of psychosocial factors resulting in delinquency of 100 delinquent Juveniles in Tabriz prison in 1997. One hundred subjects were selected randomly from 400 delinquent Juveniles. They were examined by a semi structured clinical interview along with a questionnaire which contained personal and family information. The range of ages of the subjects ranged from 11-22 years and the maximum were in 17-19 years age (58%). Eighty seven percent of the subjects were unemployed and 13% were high school students. Most of them had completed primary or middle grade education (83%). The kinds of crimes were as follows: stealing (43%), physical aggression and violent behaviour (11%), sodomy (11%), alcohol abuse (11%), substance abuse (9%), sex offenses (8%) homicide (6%) and annoyance (2%). In this study the significance of the following psychosocial fators were indicated: illiteracy of the parents, (fathers 53% mothers 74%), poor economical status (72%), crowded family (58%), positive history of crime in the family (17%), positive history of mental illness in the family (9%), positive past history of mental illness in subjects (14%), positive history of legal offences in subjects (18%), and antisocial behaviour (37%). The subjects introduced the following precipitating factors in their delinquency and antisocial behaviours: Joining to delinquent group (53%), psychopathology of family (29%) and themselves (18%).

Lymphangiomas are congenital malformation of the lymphatic system that present as asymptomatic soft fluctuant masses.While they may occur in all parts of the body structures, but they are often found in the posterior triangle of the neck and the axilla in children.The majority of lymphatic malformations are evident early in life (65%) which 90% diagnosed by the age two. Though usually they are symptomless, lymphangioma can cause serious problems such as air way obstruction and feeding difficulties. Complete eradication of the selesions is often impossible and recurrence rate is high. The diagnosis can usua'lly be made by history and physical examination and confirmed by biopsy. However, ultrasonography (US), computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to assess the size and extent of the lesion and to assist in planning the surgical approach. In this study the literature is reviewed and 23 cases from the children’s hospital and a private center presented. We emphasize that despite there have been many attempts at treatment modalities, surgical excisions associated with the least number of complications and is still the widely used and successful method of treatment.

674 newborns of neonatal ward of gynecology hospital of Tabriz were studied for septicemia. The results showed that 93 cases (13.79%) of blood cultures were positive. 62% of the septicemic neonates were male, while 38% of them were female and no statistical significant differences was found between septicemia and the sex of neonates (p>0.05).The most prevalent bacteria isolated were Klebsilla pneumoniae (63.19%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (12.91%) with low isolation of Haemophilus influenzae and Serratia marsecens (-1%). Sensitivity tests performed on isolated bacteria revealed high sensitivity of Gram-negatives to amikacin (90.32%), while higt resistance were recorded against ampicillin and amoxicillin.

The aim of this research was to study the relation between life stresses and blood neoplastic diseases in males and females aged between 30 and 50. For this purpose, an analytic study cross-sectional state was performed on 100 patients suffering from blood neoplasm (case group). The comparison of this research, on the basis of theories, was consisted of the intergroup and intergroup comparison. In this study, the stress was considered a quantitative variable and its value was evaluated with respect to social readjustment Ratiny Holmes and Rahe Scale. The analysis of the results showed that during the previous one year, the average of scores of stress-producing events in case group was greater than those of control group and there was a significant difference (p<0.05). A considerable difference was also observed between the average of scores of the females of case group and control group, with a higher amount in case group (p<0.05). Another considerable difference was also seen between the average of scores of the males of case group and control group, (p<0.05), in an intergroup study, it became evident that the amount of life stresses of normal males was greater with respect to normal females (p<0.05). In the next step, in an intergroup study, it became clear that there was not a significant difference between the averages of scores of stress-producing events of life between males and females suffering from blood neoplasm in case group (p>0.05). The third intergroup study was performed between the patients suffering from blood neoplasm in acute state and the others patients suffering from blood neoplasm and their disease had became severe or relapsed in recent months, the rate of stress was greater in relapsed leukemia (p<0.05). In comparison between males and females suffering from blood neoplasm in an acute state, there was not any significant difference (p>0.05). The average of scores of males and females suffering from blood neoplasm who came with relapsed or severe disease were compared with each other and no significant difference was found (p>0.05). In the study that was perform d between females suffering from acute blood neoplasm and females with severe, or relapsed disease, the average of patients suffering from severe or relapsed type of disease stress was greater than the group with acute state (p<0.05). A similar comparison was performed between males suffering from acute or severe type of blood neoplasm, and the average of scores of the group with severe diseases showed a significant difference with respect to the group with acute disease, like the previous study (p<0.05). At last an intergroup study was performed in control group to examine the peak of the amount of stress in patients aged from 30 to 50. The result of this examination in males and females indicated that the peak of stress was in females aged 35 and 38 and in males aged 34, 3, 38 and 46.

Mycetoma is a localized, chronic infection with various species of saprophytic fungi and actinomycetes, resulting in severe damage to skin, subcutaneous tissues and bones of feet, hands and other parts of the body. Granules of various form and colour are produced within granulomata and abcesses and are discharged to the surface through draining sinuses. We report a 71 year man from Urmieh following penetrating trauma to his feet, a painless slow enlarging nodule developed.On the physical examination he had swelling, multiple sinuses formation, fibrosis and induration on the dorsal surface of his left ankle. Skin biopsy showed granulation tissue formation with sulfur granules. Culture detected Nocardia brasiliensis. He had good response to treatment with streptomycin and cotrimoxazole.