Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion
Year:2020 | Volume:8 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Following the self-care behaviors is considered as one of the fundamental factors of treatment in hemodialysis patients. Patients’ perception of support will control their mental tensions and cause them to follow the self-care behaviors, and then it will promote their general health. The main purpose of the current study was “ identification of the perceived supports for self-care in hemodialysis patients” . Materials and Methods: this study was conducted on the base of content analysis conventional. The study participants were 9 patients, 3 families having hemodialysis patients, and 2 nurses working in dialysis section. We made use of purposive sampling and continued gathering the data till we reached data saturation point. Besides, the data gathering procedure was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Finally, the data was analyzed through content analysis. Results: The present study’ s findings included a main category of perceived support and three subcategories of constructive support, destructive support, and individual’ s feeling of the provided support; and all of these conditions indicated nature and dimensions of the role of perceived support in hemodialysis patients’ self-care. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that hemodialysis patients can use the support provided during the illness, including constructive support, destructive support, and one's sense of support to enhance self-care behaviors and improve their quality of life. Therefore, nurses, physicians, and families Hemodialysis patients should pay more attention to patient support.

Background and Objectives: Happiness and hope are two concepts that affect students' mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the concept of hope and happiness in students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 students in school of health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was Snyder's Hope and MUNSH 's Happiness Questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using descriptive and analytical tests including ANOVA, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: In this study, the mean (± SD) of happiness and hope scores were 4. 50 (+0. 78) and 24. 52 (+0. 66) respectively. There was a significant relationship between age (P=0. 001) and gender (P=0. 008) variables with hope scale. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, there was a significant correlation between hope and sub-scales of happiness (Positive affect, negative affect, Positive experience, negative experience) (P<0. 001). Results of linear regression analysis showed that, demographic variables, happiness scale and its sub-scales, were able to predict 28. 8% of the variations of hope (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary that the predisposing factors create psychological problems such as disappointment and depression and etc., identified in students and appropriate educational and counseling programs are being designed and implemented.

Background and Objective: Child behavior problem is a one of the major issue in parenting and its effect on child and parent relationship is noticble. This study aims at investigating the the efficacy of life skill training on mother, s coping skill and children, s oppositional difiant disorder symptoms in military family. Material and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a control group conducted on 6-8 years children with oppositional difiant disorder with clinical interview in DSM-5, whoes fathers work at military force in 2018. From the abovementioned population, 40 mothers of this studnets have been selected through available non-random sampling. The data-gathering tools were a demographic questionnaire, Child Symptpm Inventory, Lazarus Coping Style Questionneir in pre-test and post-test. Life skill intervention was performed based on the results of the pre-test in the intervention group in 8 sessions of 45 minutes. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18, independent t-test, ANCOA, MANCOVA. Results: The results of this study showed that the mean score of coping style (searching support, responsibility, problem solving, again positeve apparasial), as well as the children, s oppositional difiant scores were significantly different from that of the control group’ s after educational intervention (P<0. 001), which confirms the effect of life skill traning on the child and parents. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, life skill traning leads to the development of positive coping skills in mothers with their children and this program in child behvior problem has positive affect. Therefore, the researchers recommend life skill traning methods on child and parent problems.

Background and Objective: Today, high risk behaviors in adolescents have become one of the most important concerns of society which are influenced by various factors. Time perspective is how one perceives or evaluates past, present, and future that greatly influences on its decisions. Peer rejection is also one of the variables that has received special attention in the area of adolescent behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of time perspective and peer rejection in predicting high-risk behaviors of adolescents of Yazd city. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive cross-sectional. Statistical population consisted of adolescents aged 15-17 that from them 378 persons were selected using quota sampling method. The tool used in this study was Time Perspective Questionnaire, Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale, and Peer Rejection Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The results of regression analysis showed that in girls, among the dimensions of the time perspective, only the past negative dimension (p=0. 03) could predict high-risk behaviors and in boys the past negative (p=0. 001), past positive (p=0. 04) and present fatalistic (p=0. 006) are predictors of high-risk behaviors. Peer rejection was not able to predict high-risk behaviors in any of the groups (p>0. 05). Conclusion: According to the findings, time perspective is one of the factors affecting the high-risk behaviors of adolescents. Therefore, psychological education based on time perspective can be effective on high-risk behaviors.

Background and Objective: Several studies indicate low knowledge and poor performance of girls in puberty and menstruation. Puberty complications are easily preventable. Consequently, present study mainly aims to determine the effect of educational interventions based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on puberty health behaviors in Tehran’ s female elementary students, 2019. Material and Method: This study was quasi-experimental using random sampling methods for selecting among female elementary students in Tehran, District 14, 2019. Data collection was performed through a designed questionnaire based on HBM. The questionnaire’ s reliability and validity were verified. Students filled out the questionnaire prior to the intervention. Educational interventions were performed for intervention group in three 45-minute sessions. Two groups filled out questionnaires a month after intervention. The data was analyzed through SPSS v. 24 using k-square, Independent t, paired t, Anova variance and Ancova covariance. Results: Findings showed demographic variables were not significantly different in two groups (p > 0. 05) except in their father’ s occupation, menstruation beginning’ s awareness and age. In the case group after intervention, mean knowledge, average of perceived susceptibility, average of perceived severity, average of self-efficacy, average of perceived benefits and average behavior increased and average of perceived barriers decreased. They were significantly different in the intervention group (p<0. 05), except in perceived benefits and self-efficacy, but not in the control group (p>0. 05). The results of Ancova covariance test showed that educational intervention based on HBM had a significant effect on students' health during puberty (P <0. 05). Conclusion: The educational intervention based on HBM could change the puberty health awareness and behavior.

Background and Objective: Aging is a critical period of life and attention to the issues and needs of this stage is a social necessity. In recent years, aging has become one of the most important public health issues. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on improving quality of life in elderly with cancer. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design. In this study, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling. Quality of life questionnaire and mental health questionnaire were used for data collection. After pre-test, the study sample received 8 training sessions. Analysis of the results of covariance analysis was performed in spss23 software. Results: The results showed that treatment of admission and commitment in elderly people significantly increased in comparison with the control group, quality of life and its dimensions (physical, psychological, environmental and social dimensions) (p <0. 05). The treatment also significantly increased mental health in the elderly (p <0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that acceptance and commitment training led to an increase in quality of life. Therefore, given the increasing population of elderly in developing societies including Iran and the need to pay attention to the physical and psychological health of this population, this training can be used to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

Background and Objective: This study investigated the role of media consumption on physical activity based on health pattern in Iranian. The method of this research was descriptive correlation with Structural Equation Method. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this study consisted of all students aged 11-19 years in the whole country that 384 students were selected as statistical sample by cluster random sampling method. Two media consumption and physical activity based on health pattern Pender Were used to collect the research data. The formal and content validity of the questionnaires were confirmed and their reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha method 0. 934 and 0. 834, respectively. For data analyzing by SPSS software and Amos software of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used. Results: The results showed that media consumption had a positive and significant effect (P = 0. 001) on Physical Activity behaviour (Beta = 0. 82), Exercise Benefits (Beta = 0. 80) and Exercise self-efficacy (Beta= 0. 74) and Exercise Barriers (Beta=-0. 61). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be said that media consumption improves the level of physical activity based on students' health patterns. So, it is recommended that the media, especially sports media, pay special attention to children in their programs.

Background and Objective: Hookah consumption is an underlying decline in lung function. However, data are limited on the physiological effects in young trained and untrained men. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic hookah consumption on aerobic capacity (VO2max), resting and submaximal heart rate in men who are trained and untrained. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine young men (18-34 years) were assigned into the following groups: a. trained-hookah (n = 11), b. untrained-hookah (n = 14), c. trained (n = 12) and d. untrained (n = 12). The trained men had done at least three sessions (1-hour for each) of aerobic training a week during the past three years, while the untrained men had continued a sedentary lifestyle. Hookah smokers had smoked at least three times a week during the period. The VO2max, resting and submaximal heart rate indices were measured in all subjects. Results: One-way analysis of variance showed that VO2max was significantly higher in trained group than the other groups, although no significant difference was observed in the other groups. Resting and submaximal heart rate were remarkably lower in the trained groups than in the untrained groups, but no significant difference was noted in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that hookah smoking has a negative effect on aerobic capacity in men who are trained; however, it seems that the effect of aerobic training is higher than the effect of hookah on resting and submaximal heart rate indices.