Journal of Inflammatory Diseases
Year:2020 | Volume:24 | Issue:1 (108)|Papers Count:8

Background: Aerobic exercise with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) plays an important role in skeletal muscle adaptation; however, the effects of this type of exercise on mitochondrial dynamics proteins are unclear. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without BFR on mitochondrial dynamics proteins of human skeletal muscles. Methods: Participants were 5 young men (mean age, 33. 4± 2. 30 years; mean weight, 79. 64± 10. 49 kg; BMI, 26. 24± 2. 27 kg/m2). They performed aerobic exercise with BFR (AE+BFR) and without BFR (AE) in two separate days at five 2-min sessions and 1 min rest between the sessions. Western Blot method was used to measure the protein levels of Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) and Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (DRP1) in skeletal muscles. Findings: AE+BFR (1. 02± 0. 05 vs. 0. 77± 0. 03) and AE (0. 65± 0. 08 vs 0. 57± 0. 03) significantly increased the mean MFN2 protein level compared to the pre-test mean values (P<0. 05). AE+BFR (3. 54± 0. 46 and 5. 01± 0. 66) and AE (3. 38± 0. 38 vs. 2. 82± 0. 59) also significantly reduced the mean DRP1 level (P<0. 05). Moreover, AE+BFR had greater significant effect on the mean levels of MFN2 (0. 24± 0. 01 vs. 0. 08± 0. 04) and DRP1 (-1. 46± 0. 22 vs.-0. 33± 0. 12) compared to AE (P<0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercise with BFR is a strong stimulant for the improvement of skeletal muscle mitochondrial dynamics.

Background: Poor Sleep Quality (SQ) may lead to health problems through an increase in body weight and adipose tissue. Physical activity and or exercise are effective factors in SQ and obesity. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship of SQ with Body Mass Index (BMI) in male college students with and without regular exercise. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 100 male college students with and without regular exercise were selected using a purposive and convenience sampling method and divided into two groups of active with normal weight (n=50, BMI=21. 9± 1. 2 kg/m2) and inactive with overweight (n=50, BMI=28. 3± 5. 2 kg/m2) groups. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used to measure SQ, where a total score of more than 5 indicates a poor SQ. The data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and Mann-Whitney U tests. Findings: Sixty percent of the students had a poor SQ. The mean score of SQ in the active group was significantly lower than in the inactive group (P<0. 001). Moreover, the results showed a significant correlation between the SQ and BMI in overall (P<0. 001) and in the inactive group (P=0. 043), but not in the active group. Conclusion: Exercise is an effective factor for improving the SQ. Therefore, physical activity/exercise is recommended as a non-pharmacological therapy to improve SQ in overweight young men.

Background: Burn injuries are one of the medical problems in developing countries. Despite the progress in burn wound treatment, the leading cause of death in patients with burns is hospital-acquired infection. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of early change of skin graft dressing on the burn wound healing. Methods: This Randomized clinical trial was conducted on 64 burn patients admitted to the burn ward of Shahid Rajaei Hospital in 2017. In the test group (Mean± SD of age=36. 8± 13. 8 years), the skin graft and donor dressing were changed one day after; and in the control group (Mean± SD of age=40. 4± 14. 3 years), three days after the surgery. Data were analyzed by paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA. Findings: The percentage of burn in the intervention group was 12. 1%, and in the control group 14. 5%. Chisquare test results showed that the culture results was different in the control and test groups; 7. 8% of the cultures taken from the skin graft and donor sites were positive in the control group, while none of them were reported positive in the test group. Conclusion: Early change of the skin graft and donor dressing reduces infection in patients with burn injuries.

Background: Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Considering the potential risks of radiation, radiation safety training courses are important for medical staff. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of one-day radiation safety training program in increasing the radiation safety knowledge of physicians. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, subjects were 12 physicians (6 general practitioners and 6 nonradiologist specialists) participated in the training program organized by Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for surveying physicians before and after the training. The mean and standard deviation of the scores were first calculated. Then, the pre-and post-test scores were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the correlation of these scores with their age, gender, expertise area, and work experience was examined by Spearman's correlation test. Findings: The mean total scores of the physicians before and after training were 7. 00± 2. 56 (ranged 3-11) and 11. 92± 2. 31 (ranged 8-15) out of 18, respectively. The radiation safety knowledge of physicians significantly increased after training (P<0. 001). No significant relationship was found between their scores and their age, gender, expertise area and work experience. Conclusion: The radiation safety training program was effective in increasing the radiation safety knowledge of physicians and it can be used for a larger community of physicians.

Background: Medication non-adherence is common among patients with mental disorders. It can lead to worsening symptoms, recurrence, re-hospitalization, decreased performance, and increased risk of death. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the medication adherence from the viewpoints of family and patients with mental disorders. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 102 patients with mental disorders admitted to psychiatric wards of 22 Bahman Hospital in Qazvin province and 102 of their family members were selected using by a convenience sampling method in 2017. In order to collect data, a demographic form and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) were completed by the patients and one of their family members. Data were analyzed in SPSS V. 24 software. Findings: The mean MMAS score of patients was 5. 8± 1. 52 and for their families, it was 5. 9± 1. 46 (in a range of 2-8). Using the Spearman correlation coefficient, results showed a significant and positive correlation between the MMAS scores of patients and their families. Conclusion: Demographic characteristics of patients affect their medication adherence regardless of the type and severity of their disease. Therefore, the role of the patient as an active decision-maker in treatment should be considered. Training and useful advices from medical staff are essential to raise the awareness of the patients and their families about medications and their effectiveness as well as the condition caused by the disease.

Background: Evidence-based nursing care guidelines are important tools for increasing the quality of nurses’ clinical work. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of implementing evidence-based nursing care guidelines on the quality of care of patients admitted to the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study on 54 nurses in NICUs of hospitals affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences selected using a convenience sampling technique and divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention included the teaching of evidence-based nursing guidelines and their implementation by the nurses. Before and two months after the intervention, the demographic characteristics and the quality of nurses’ patient care in both groups was evaluated by using a demographic form and a standard checklist with 37 items designed based on the standards of practice for All Registered Nurses (ANA). Data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics (Mean± SD), and paired t-test, independent t-test and chi-square test. Findings: The mean score of nursing care quality in the two groups was not significantly different before intervention (P>0. 05). After intervention, the mean score was 25. 11± 6. 2 in the intervention group and 20. 29± 5. 3 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Implementation of evidence-based nursing care guidelines can improve the quality of nursing care. Therefore, it is recommended that the teaching of evidence-based nursing care guidelines should be on the agenda of the hospitals’ education unit and related departments.

Background: Properly identifying the expectations of family members of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a necessity for nurses. Objective: The present study aimed to determine and compare the expectations of ICU patients’ families according to the perceptions of ICU nurses and family members. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 147 families of ICU patients and 137 ICU nurses of hospitals in Qazvin were selected as study samples through a census method. Data were collected using Molter’ s Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI), and data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test, one-way ANOVA and chi-square at a significant level of P<0. 05. Findings: The overall score of CCFNI and its subscales for the family members were significantly higher than in the nurses (P<0. 001). The degree of importance and prioritization of family expectations were different between patients’ families and nurses. The reason for patient hospitalization had a significant association with the overall score of CCFNI and its subscales. Moreover, the family history of hospitalization showed a significant correlation with the CCFNI subscales of information and proximity (P<0. 05). The age and work experience of nurses had a significant association with the CCFNI subscales of information, assurance, and comfort (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Family members of ICU patients and nurses have different perceptions of the expectations of patients’ families. Nurses need to consider the expectations of patients’ family members.

Nutrigenomics is the study of the effect of nutrition on gene expression which discusses how DNA is converted to mRNA and then converted mRNA to protein, and is the basis for understanding the biological activity of edible compounds. Nutritional manipulations and nutritional approaches are key tools to influence the performance and health of organisms. Today, it has been shown that better nutrition of animals selected for further production has a beneficial effect on their function. Despite the importance of this issue in production systems, there are no ways to clearly explain the molecular mechanisms of these changes. This review study aimed to investigate nutrigenomics as a molecular approach to the expression of genes involved in the health and growth of organisms. Searching was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, IranMedex, and Google Scholar databases on the studies conducted during 1990-2018 by using the keywords: “ nutrigenomics” , “ gene expression” , “ nutrients” , “ food formulation” . Initial stage yielded 120 articles. After excluding conferences papers, 58 remained for the final review. There are a limited number of nutrigenomics studies on the laboratory and farm animals, but it has been confirmed that there is an association between nutrition, genetics, fertility and growth. Therefore, the use of nutrients that can express gene expression in a way that improves the function and efficiency of organisms is essential in feed formulation as a new approach in nutrition.