PAZHUHESHNAME-YE ZANAN (WOMEN’S STUDIES)
Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:4 (suppl)|Papers Count:6

In this article, there are contradictions that reflect the gender perspective of the novel "KhaleBazi" and which can be used in sociological studies, and in particular in women's studies are extracted and analyzed. Structuralists have considered the twofold contradictions as the fundamental concepts of this approach and they believe, in literary studies, that one of the structures of the text is the dual opposition that forms its hidden meaning. These conflicts appear in different texts in different ways and the hidden meaning of the text can be understood by analyzing the type and manner in which they are employed. The basis for determining contrasts is three main levels of narration: Events and narration; Character and personality; Symbol and symbolization. What we can understand from the result of analyzing the contradictions that exist behind the gender perspective of the text is that in this novel, the gender-related oppositions are reproduced in some way and the two sides of which reach the point of equilibrium. In other words, the writer keeps the middle side in choosing between two opposites. As for a barren woman and a fertile woman, a woman who has been educated and nurtured by her learned mind is selected.

The reproduction analysis of the "immigration" as a phenomenon in the women's literature shows the struggle between "self" and the "other". The range of this "other" is child, family, identity, land, history and society. The cause of this conflict is war, roam and displacement. These phenomena, with a wide range of historical and identity abilities and desires require people to choose. The study seeks feminist reading of the "experience" of a female author of "immigration". This kind of experience in a dramatic narrative can put the imaginary space, and fantastic images of the author's imagination, exposed to the mind and conscience of the audience, in addition to News and Medias that report these realities. The paper is an attempt to analyze the immigrants' challenge and based on the novel “ The Eve of Billion” (1967), by Ghada Al-Samsan, one of the Arab women novelist. Identification of conceptual evolution in the identity of immigrants has been done with a "feminist" approach and descriptive-analytical method. The article concludes that, in spite of the author's wide spreading point of view to the the immigrant’ s problem, the patriarchal view and gender interpretation of personality's actions in the characterization and advancement of events is quite evident.

Studying the book Disciplining Women (al-Ta'adib al-Niswan), this research aims to examine the concept of gender as a social construct in order to show how the boundaries of body are defined and then suppressed by linguistic mechanisms. Where body is understood by language it becomes a social and cultural construction which does not leave any way to understand the material and biological phenomenon of body. In Disciplining Women the body is intrinsically disturbing, abnormal, and antisocial. It is the occurrence and display of this kind of body that led the Qajar prince to write a book to correct it. His letter of advice (the book) illustrates the general pattern of patriarchal discourse in Iran, which considers gender as a limiting and natural characteristic of women. In this book the male subject purges himself by symbolic contamination and alienation of female body to draw a clear line between him and that ‘ other’ , which is both stranger and sufficiently familiar.

Undoubtedly, one way to study women’ s situation in terms of social and familiar relationships is the analysis of how they have been represented in stories. This study intends to absorbs sexual relations between men and women approaching to their age. since this research is based on more prominent works in Persian literature specially the works people are familiar with and have impacts on their mind, I tried to analyze this subject. none of the works include the condition in which a older women are joined with younger men unless in stories trying to explain women’ s treason and sensuality but on the contrary this situation is usual in many stories ironically or seriously.

This study is an analysis on SiminDaneshvar's novels, Wandering Island and Wandering Camel Rider. It tries to show women social position and subjectivity in contemporary society of Iran. We study on modernity indexes and constantly conflict of women with these indexes, modern structures and traditional structures. By deconstruction method and repeated narration of story is possible to find the level of women subjectivity. this way she transferred from wandering to self – awareness and from objectivity to subjectivity. The main theme of two books is the internal conversation flow. But the biggest challenge for her (Hasti) to find her-self is related to her emotional life experiences (Dilemma of Moradand Salim). The analysis of the story shows that the main character of the story transferred from wandering to self – awarenessin the process of mental and intellectual development.

Native literature, with its certain characteristics, outlines the peoples’ aspirations of a region along with their culture and customs. The present paper is a comparative study of the cultural and social conditions that are reflected in the works of Ravanipour and Pirzad. In fact, through studying the cultural representations and social norms in the works of these two authors, we seek to explain the issue of women’ s world views and life system. Relying on a native narration, both authors are directed to discover women's identity and their vulnerability and loneliness in a male-dominated society. Despite the fact that both writers have come from the southern environment of Iran, Ravanipour is better at representing nativeism in his works, while Pirzad’ s approach to his environment is more impartial. However, both writers, while understanding the difficult conditions of their patriarchal society, have been trying, based on the components are provided to them by literature, to put aside the vital elements of the society and to create occasions that can only be created through literary language.